Evaluation of the Effect of Educational Interventions on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Against COVID-19 in a Residential Complex in Tehran: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study (original) (raw)
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Journal of Public Health, 2021
Aim COVID-19 has become prevalent in the world since December 2019. The further prevalence of the disease can be prevented by correct management of society and increasing knowledge, practices, and attitudes of the people. The present research aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors of people in Hormozgan in the south of Iran toward COVID-19. Subject and methods The present cross-sectional research was conducted over 2 months (March 2020-April 2020). The online questionnaire comprised four sections: demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward COVID-19. Knowledge included 36 items, attitude eight items, and behavior ten items. The collected data were analyzed statistically using SPSS ver. 22. The split-half method was used to test the reliability of knowledge and the estimated value was 0.84. That of attitude and behavior was estimated via Cronbach's alpha and was found to be 0.81 and 0.75, respectively. Results A total number of 2024 participants with an average age of 33.94 years took part in this research. Of all participants, 64.4% were female. According to the results, 65.8% enjoyed a good level of knowledge and 34.2% enjoyed an average level. In addition, 63.2% demonstrated a good attitude and 36.8% an average level. A large percentage of participants (90.6%) had good practices and only 9.4% had an average level of practices. Conclusion The present findings show that participants had a relatively good level of knowledge, positive attitude, and good behavior concerning COVID-19.
Tecnura, 2022
Context: The COVID-19 is the most recent global health concern that affects human health mainly the respiratory system with more than 170 million people affected by the virus worldwide. Also, Latin America has been emerging as an epicenter of contagion, and transmission is gradually increasing among the communities in each of the countries analyzed. The infection of more than 30 million people in Latin America supposes the construction of new models and habits of public health that promote attitudes to reduce the number of cases and mortality. Method: A proposal was defined based on three frameworks and models-the principle of healthy housing promoted by the Panamerican Health Organization, the four types of knowledge transfer without memorization proposed by the OECD, and the theory of social constructivism (in which knowledge is built from a present reality). This proposal is aims to help a community to understand the health risks present at home so that they can prevent the spread of the virus COVID-19 through the use of good practices. Results: The proposal shows categorized risk factors at home that increase the possibility of contagion of COVID-19 and getting infected; also, it presents possible solutions to these factores, which focus on good practices of healthy housing to improve habitability and prevent diseases that also allow the virus to spread. Conclusions: It is necessary to implement strategies that humanize public health problems and that in turn include the
Covid-19 Preventive Behaviors in the Lifestyle of the Iranian Society, One Year after the Pandemic
Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology
Article Info Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) called for taking preventive measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. Preventive behaviors are required when the risk is perceived. The present study aimed to investigate individuals' preventative behaviors towards understanding and worrying about COVID-19 in the Iranian society. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 342 respondents in the spring of 2021 using the convenience sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of three sections of demographic questions about awareness and basic issues. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the data. In addition, the chi-square test and the Spearman's correlation coefficient were used to examine the association between questions and demographic variables. Results: The findings showed that 209 (61.1%) respondents wore masks outdoors at a very high level. Only 40 (11.7%) respondents observed social distance requirements (at least more than 1.5 meters) at a very low level. Besides, 309 (90.4%) respondents washed their hands properly thoroughly at moderate to very high levels. Conclusions: COVID-19 Preventive behaviors among respondents was associated to their perception of and concerns over COVID-19 contraction, raising their awareness of the disease as well as promoting concerns over it in the society.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE TOWARD COVID-19: COMMUNITY-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2024
Objective: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a significant global health crisis affecting countries worldwide, including Indonesia. Enhancing the information, attitudes, and practices about COVID-19 prevention among the general community is crucial for preventing the spread of the pandemic. This study aimed to assess the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) regarding COVID-19 and associated factors among the general public in Central Java, Indonesia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two districts in Central Java Province from August to September 2020. The research questionnaire inquiries concerned the demographic data, knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with COVID-19. Descriptive analysis was performed to evaluate demographic data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the factors associated with KAP. Results: A total of 425 participants completed the survey questionnaire. Television and radio are the primary sources of information the public utilizes to acquire information regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants showed a prevalence of 36% for good knowledge, 69% for a positive attitude, and 40.5% for adequate practice. Factors significantly associated with knowledge were gender [p = 0.038], level of education (primary school or below [p = 0.005], junior high school [p =<0.001, high school [p = 0.005]), and government employee [0.001]). Pensioners [p = 0.040], government employees [p = 0.000], and a good level of knowledge [p = 0.000] were significant factors influencing positive attitudes. Meanwhile, good knowledge [p =0.001], positive attitude [p=0.000], and being a housewife [p=0.035] were crucial determinants of practice. Conclusion: This study found that the population's knowledge and practice level are sufficient, but they have a positive attitude. To address this, targeted health education and interventions from healthcare professionals are necessary to improve their understanding.
Health Education Strategy for Improving the Attitude of Adults Towards Covid-19 Precautions in Udenu
International Journal of Current Research and Review
Background: Due to the rising cases of COVID-19 in Nigeria, the government has adopted some safety precautions to control the spread. However, the poor attitude of adults towards COVID-19 safety precautions has aided the spread of the virus. Hence, there is a need to assess ways to change the attitude of adults towards the Covid-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study investigated the health education strategy for improving the attitude of adults towards COVID-19 safety precautions in Udenu. Methods: The study is a naturalistic observation study. The attitude of adults in Udenu towards COVID-19 safety precautions was observed before and after implementing a health education strategy to determine the effectiveness of the strategy in improving the attitude of adults towards COVID-19 safety precautions. 4 communities in Udenu were observed for the study. Results: The findings revealed that there was a significant improvement in the attitude of the adult towards COVID-19 safety precautions after receiving health education. Hence, more community health workers should be trained by Nigerian Center for Disease Control (NCDC). Conclusion: COVID-19 knowledge and attitude of adults could be effectively improved through health education strategy such as the use of trained community health workers for the COVID-19 awareness programme.
Journal of Research and Health, 2024
Background: The COVID-19 outbreak, the ongoing pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019, has become a clinical threat worldwide. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of educational intervention, based on the health belief model (HBM), on adopting COVID-19 preventive behaviors in clients referring to urban health centers in Zabol City, Iran. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on clients referring to urban health centers in Zabol City (Southeast of Iran) in 2021. A total of 160 participants (80 each in the intervention group and the control group) were selected using the convenience sampling approach. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire was completed by all participants before and one month after the educational intervention. The educational intervention was conducted using an educational program based on the HBM for 4 weeks. The intervention was performed during 8 sessions of face-to-face interactions in the classroom (two 1 hour sessions per week). The statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS software, version 22. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-test, and paired t-test. The P was considered 0.05 in this study. Results: The mean age of participants in the intervention and control groups was 35.0±12.34 and 33.87±11.33 years. The mean score of awareness, perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy, and COVID-19 prevention behaviors significantly increased one month after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated the effectiveness of educational intervention based on HBM on COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Therefore, it is recommended that health centers employ educational intervention programs based on this model
The journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College, 2022
Objectives: To determine the impact of an educational intervention on secondary school students' Covid-19 awareness and risk perception, as well as their preventive practices. Study design and settings: A quasi-experimental study conducted in private secondary schools. Methodology: The study duration was two months. Students who gave consent and didn't have COVID-19 infection in past were included by non-probability purposive sampling. Raosoft sample size calculator was used to calculate the sample size and it came out to be 385 but a total of 380 students could be enrolled. Among these, 37 responses were invalid making the total sample size to be 343. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional ethical review committee with approval letter number i.e. ERC/ID/126. SPSS version 25 was used for the analysis of data. Frequencies and percentages were calculated. Paired samples T-test was applied to see the difference in participants' scores before and after the intervention. A p-value = 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The knowledge of students were improved from moderate to high level and the total percentile score from 74.86% to 89.76% after intervention. Their practicing preventive behaviors were at a low level with scores of 69.37%. Their risk perceptions remained at moderate levels and did not see any improvement. Conclusion: Participants practicing preventive behaviors were at a low level. Their knowledge scores improved from moderate to high level after intervention but their risk perceptions remained at moderate levels and no change was seen.
Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region
Background: Health protocols of COVID-19 prevention need to be applied to suppress the cases. However, the application requires good understanding that has never been studied before, especially among public health students of Diponegoro University. Therefore, this study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and access to information towards prevention of COVID-19 pandemicMethods: This type of research was descriptive analytic with quantitative approach, and cross sectional research design with a sample of 100 respondents (student from Faculty of Public Health Diponegoro University) selected by using probability sampling. The instrument used was an online questionnaire. Data analysis used is univariate and bivariate with chi-square testResults: The results showed that the respondent's age was dominated by age ≥ 20 years (63%) with the gender mostly female (85%). Knowledge (p = 0.015), attitude (p = 0.013), and access to information (p = 0.000) were related to the practice of Pub...
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences
BACKGROUND: The new coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is rapidly spreading around the world. At present (up to July 11, 2020), 255,117 cases and 12,635 deaths due to this disease have been reported in Iran. Following the guidelines recommended for the prevention and control of the disease is the most important approach to combating this global threat. AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and fear of the Iranian people in relation to COVID-19. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 558 Iranian people who entered the study by convenience sampling method. The knowledge, attitude, practice, and fear of the Iranian general population toward COVID-19 were collected using an online 50-items questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, independent sample T-test, and bivariate Pearson’s correlation were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The studied subjects were mostly in urban area (81.0%), femal...
An Online Investigation of Knowledge and Preventive Practices in Regard to COVID-19 in Iran
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice, 2021
Background: Until now, there was no available study on the knowledge and practice of the people of Iran with regard to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and preventive practices of Iranians toward the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 925 people who completed an online questionnaire in March 2020. The study used 21 and 14 questions, respectively, to assess the knowledge and preventive practices of the population in regard to COVID-19. Cronbach's alpha was 0.75 for the knowledge scale and 0.71 for the practice scale. To determine the importance of each independent variable in explaining the participant's practice, a multiple regression model was applied. Key Results: The results indicated a moderate level of knowledge and preventive practices in regard to COVID-19 in most of the respondents (56.8% and 56.5%, respectively). According to the multiple regression analysis, knowledge showed the highest effect on the practice of the participants (β = 0.479). The determination coefficient for the model (R 2 = 0.509) also showed approximately 51% of the variance in practice was explained by gender, occupational status, knowledge, cost of hand sanitizer, and the belief in the effectiveness of using such necessities. Conclusions: Acceptable rates of knowledge and practice were observed in most Iranians. However, approximately 10% of the participants were unaware of the effective measures for preventing the infection, which can cause active transmission of the virus. In addition to considering the importance of high community awareness in prevention and isolation measures, the government should provide disinfectants and other materials at a low price to reduce the transmission, as this may lead to effective practice to break the chain of transmission of COVID-19. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2021;5(1):e15-e23.] Plain Language Summary: This study sought to evaluate the knowledge and preventive practices of Iranians toward the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Findings of this research demonstrate acceptable rates of knowledge and practice in most Iranians; however, about 10% of them were unaware of the true prevention practices, which can cause active transmission of the virus.