Alveolar dimensional changes relevant to implant placement after minimally traumatic tooth extraction with primary closure (original) (raw)
Related papers
Acta odontologica latinoamericana : AOL, 2017
The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the position of the tooth in the alveolar ridge influences the thickness of the facial bone wall and the distance between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and osseous zenith (OZ). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from fifty four dentate patients were included in the study (22 male and 32 female, mean age 41. 5 years). The measurements taken included: (1). The Facial bone thickness at 7 different equidistant levels -measuring levels (ML 1-7) - between OZ and the root apex (A). (2) The CEJ -OZ distance. (3) Facial position of the tooth (FPT) relative to a straight line traced from mesial to distal interproximal depressions of the alveolar plate at the level of the CEJ. The Facial bone wall thickness ranged between 0 mm and 3. 8 mm, with greater values at more apical levels. Mean values were smaller than 1 mm at every level except ML7. The CEJ-OZ distance varied between 0. 5 mm and 6. 9 mm (mean 2. 9 mm). The Mean of FPT value...
The Alveolar Bone and Its Limits
Craniofacial 3D Imaging, 2019
The alveolar bone has always been a factor in the decision-making process of the orthodontists, and there has recently been an increasing interest in the dental profession for evaluating the effects of orthodontic treatment on the alveolar bone. Both medical computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) have made such evaluations possible under circumstances where direct observation was not practical or feasible. CBCTs provide accurate imaging of the alveolar bone and other anatomical structures surrounding the teeth. Unlike on conventional 2D radiographs, both the facial and the lingual surfaces of the alveolar bone can be observed and measured on CBCT images. This yields much needed data for clinical in-vivo studies that intend to evaluate alveolar bone changes during and after orthodontic treatment. Several studies have been completed assessing bone changes both in the anterior and posterior segments, as well as in the presence or absence of expansion devices, and in the presence or absence of extractions. Along with these studies, methods have been developed for the purpose of measuring facial and lingual alveolar bone.
2012
Background: The initial thickness of maxillary bone has significant impact on the responding level of facial bone and soft tissue after extraction and immediate implant placement. A prevailing notion is that following implant placement in fresh extraction sites, at least 2 mm of facial bone is needed to prevent soft tissue recession, fenestration, and dehiscence. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to use cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to measure horizontal width of facial alveolar bone overlying healthy maxillary central incisors and to determine prevalence of bone thickness 32 mm. Materials and Methods: Tomographic data from 101 randomly selected patients were evaluated by two independent observers. Assessments were made of facial bone width at levels 1.0 to 10.0 mm apical to the bone crest. Results: Healthy maxillary central incisors (n = 202) were measured from 101 patient scans. The percent of teeth with facial bone 32 mm at levels 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mm from the bone crest was 0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, and 2.5%, respectively. Overall mean thickness of the bone was 1.05 mm for right and left central incisors combined. The range of individual measurements for all levels was 0 to 5.1 mm. The occurrence of 32 mm thickness bone measurements increased with increasing depth. However, mean widths observed at levels 6 to 10 mm from the crest ranged only 1.0 to 1.3 mm because of apparent fenestration occurrence (0 mm bone) in approximately 12% of teeth. Overall, no significant differences in bone thickness were found between ethnic, gender, age, or scan groups. Conclusions: Using CBCT, occurrences of 32 mm maxillary facial alveolar bone were found on no more than 3% of root surfaces 1.0 to 5.0 mm apical to the bone crest in this sample of maxillary central incisors. The study evidenced prevalence of a thin facial alveolar bone (<2 mm) that may contribute to risk of facial bone fenestration, dehiscence, and soft tissue recession after immediate implant therapy.
2020
In recent years, dental implant has become a common treatment option with its high success rate. Nowadays, a certain number of dental implants are placed in patients every year with tolerable complications (1). For healthy maintenance of dental implants, patients should have a sufficient amount of and appropriate bone. However, as is known, a reduction occurs in residual bone dimension following remodeling after tooth extraction (2). Alveolar crest resorption after tooth extraction is usually observed in the horizontal plane and on the facial side. Meanwhile, a decrease in the height of alveolar crest is also observed. During this resorption process, the crests are repositioned to a more lingual position. The residual crest undergoes atrophy more rapidly in the first 6 months, which continues at a slower rate throughout life. Morphological changes in crest after tooth extraction were evaluated by cephalometric measurements, study models, radiographic analyses and direct measurements...
Comparative radiographic evaluation of the alveolar bone crest after orthodontic treatment
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2003
This study evaluated and compared the heights of the alveolar bone crests (AC) among orthodontic patients treated with either the simplified standard edgewise technique (group 1, n ϭ 30), the edgewise straight-wire system (group 2, n ϭ 30), or bioefficient therapy (group 3, n ϭ 26). These 3 groups were compared with an untreated control group (group 4, n ϭ 30). A comparison by sex of AC height was also conducted. The first premolars were extracted in every treated patient, and measurements were performed on bitewing radiographs taken after a mean posttreatment period of 2.17 years. The distances from the AC to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) on the mesial and distal surfaces of the first molars and second premolars and on the distal surface of the canines were measured; the larger the distance, the greater the alveolar bone loss. The data were analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance and the Newman-Keuls test (P Ͻ .05) for comparison among the groups. Sex differences of the AC height were evaluated with the t test. All treated groups had larger, statistically significant CEJ-AC distances than the untreated group, primarily at the extraction areas. There were no consistent statistically significant differences in the areas among the treated groups. Mean distances of the CEJ-AC in boys were larger than or similar to those in girls. The patients in the treated groups showed a greater number of proximal surfaces with statistically significant differences between sexes, compared with the control subjects. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;124:157-64)
Changes in alveolar bone thickness due to retraction of anterior teeth
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2002
In cases of bimaxillary protrusion, extraction of 4 premolars and orthodontic treatment with retraction of the anterior teeth is a widely used approach. However, there is controversy over whether the changes that occur in the anterior alveolar bone always follow the direction and quantity of tooth movement. Nineteen patients with dentoalveolar bimaxillary protrusion treated by extracting the 4 first premolars were evaluated with lateral cephalograms and computed tomography (CT). Cephalograms and CT scans were made before treatment and 3 months after retraction of the incisors. The measurements of the cephalograms showed that maxillary and mandibular incisors were retracted primarily by controlled tipping of the teeth. For all maxillary and mandibular incisors, we assessed the labial and the lingual alveolar plates at crest level (S1), midroot level (S2), and apical level (S3) for bone-thickness changes during retraction of the maxillary and mandibular anterior segments. In the mandibular arch, the labial bone maintained its original thickness, except the S1 measurements, which showed a significant decrease in bone thickness (P Ͻ .001). In the maxillary arch, the labial bone thickness remained unchanged. There were statistically significant decreases in lingual bone width in both arches after retracting the incisors. Some of the patients demonstrated bone dehiscence that was not visible macroscopically or cephalometrically. When tooth movement is limited, forcing the tooth against the cortical bone may cause adverse sequelae. This type of approach must be carefully monitored to avoid negative iatrogenic effects. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:15-26)
Orthodontic Journal of Nepal
Introduction: The teeth are incline differently according to the vertical skeletal typology and the corresponding alveolar bones do not always have the same thickness. However, the conflicting results in the literature, mainly related to the classification of patients according to vertical characteristics, creates a challenge for the clinician in determining the characteristic inclinations of teeth in a specific patient. The objective of this study was to find out dental inclination and thickness of the alveolar bone around incisors and molars in different facial type. Materials & Method: The sample included 51 CBCT radiographs (28 females and 23 males) and subdivided into three subgroups according to vertical facial skeletal pattern (22 normodivergent subjects, 06 hypodivergent subjects and 23 hyperdivergent subjects). Reformatted CBCT images were used to measure the thickness of the vestibular and lingual alveolar bone around the incisors and first molars at two levels of root len...
2020
Background: Understanding the anatomy of the facial alveolar bone (FAB), provides a prognostic tool for estimating the degree of dimensional ridge alterations after tooth extraction. This study aimed to systematically review the FAB thickness of anterior maxillary teeth measured by CBCT scans. A secondary objective was to assess the facial distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the bone crest.Methods: An electronic search was made of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar up to December 2019. Studies that analyze and quantitatively compare FAB thickness at maxillary teeth by CBCT scans were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was appraised using the ROBINS-I tool from the Cochrane Collaboration. A meta-analysis of single means, subgroup analysis and meta-regression of covariates were conducted.Results: Twenty-nine studies, including 17,321 teeth, were selected. Seventeen studies considered the facial bone crest, and 1...
Radiographic evaluation of alveolar ridge heights of dentate and edentulous patients
Gerodontology, 2012
Objective: To evaluate the reduction of residual alveolar ridge height on panoramic radiographs and the differences between denture wearers and non-denture wearers. Materials and methods: The study consisted of 147 individuals (74 men and 73 women) [50 were denture wearers and 50 non-denture wearers (examination groups) and 47 of them were dentate (control group)]. Individuals having diseases impacting on bone were excluded. Vertical measurements were made at 15 sites (central incisors, first premolars and molars at the left and right of both jaws and the distance between the zygoma/orbit). MANOVA (multi-variate analysis of variation) was used for the statistical analysis of the results. Results: There were significant differences between the alveolar ridge heights of dentate and edentulous groups (p < 0.001). Between the denture wearer and the non-denture wearer groups, there was significant difference in the lower jaw (p < 0.001), but no significant difference in the upper jaw (p = 0.635). There were also differences between men and women (p < 0.005) and upper and lower jaws at every measurement sites (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Reduction in residual alveolar ridge height was in close relation with gender, denture usage and edentulousness.
https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR\_Vol.9\_Issue.8\_Aug2022/IJRR-Abstract34.html, 2022
Introduction: The amount of alveolar bone on the palatal and labial surface of a tooth plays an important role in orthodontic tooth movement. Ideal post treatment results are obtained when the tooth movement is carried out within the confines of the alveolar bone. Material and methods: Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of 80 subjects were randomly selected and divided into four groups of 20 each: Group 1: UI to NA= 22°; LI to NB= 25°; Group 2: UI to NA = < 22°; LI to NB = < 25°; Group 3: UI to NA= 23°to 30° ; LI to NB= 26° to 30° ;Group 4: UI to NA= 31°to 35° ; LI to NB= 31° to 35° and measurements were statistically analysed. Results: Significant differences were found among all the parameters, however these differences varied from one group to another. Conclusion: The amount of alveolar bone present on the palatal surface of retroclined incisors is more as compared to the labial surface while as in labially inclined incisors, alveolar bone present on the labial surface is more than the palatal surface. Also, the amount of alveolar bone height is more in labially inclined incisors as compared to retroclined incisors.