Assessment of Heart Failure Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Study (original) (raw)

Background: Heart failure is a complex syndrome that arises from abnormalities in the structure and/or function of the heart, whether inherited or acquired. It impairs the ability of the left ventricle to fill or eject blood, leading to a growing number of hospitalizations, deaths, and healthcare costs worldwide. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, heart failure affected approximately 64 million people worldwide in 2019, and caused over 3 million deaths. The prevalence of heart failure has been increasing worldwide, with an estimated 26% increase in age-standardized prevalence and a 14% increase in age-standardized incidence between 1990 and 2019. This increase in prevalence and incidence is due to a variety of factors, including the aging of the population, improved survival rates from other cardiovascular diseases, and changes in lifestyle and risk factors such as obesity and diabetes. Heart failure patients have various presentations and different etiologies. Th...