International Intervention and Combating Terrorism in Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Terrorism and Insurgency in Nigeria and her neighboring countries: the Boko Haram Experience
IJASS JOURNAL, 2022
The U.S State department defined terrorism as "the premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against a noncombatant targets by sub-national groups". It went further to define terrorism as "the calculated use of violence or threat of violence to inculcate fear, intended to coerce or to intimidate governments in the pursuit of goals that are political, religious or ideological. In light of this, the expansion of Boko Haram insurgency beyond the Nigeria boundary to include its neighbors, has now left Nigeria, and other West African countries and the international community to tackle such actions of Boko Haram, seeing to it that it is not just an internal problem for Nigeria but also a global crisis which requires all necessary support to ensuring lasting peace in Nigeria. Therefore, making use of the historical method of discuss and analysis, the paper adopted a qualitative research methodology approach. The paper concluded that the future security of Nigeria and the sub-region lies in consensual, well coordinated, well-structured and well-resourced interventions by national and regional forces. But more than that, the overall success in resolving the Boko Haram threat calls for sustained measures aimed at intricately addressing the social, economic and political issues that galvanized terrorist radicalization that gave Boko Haram a foot hold in Nigeria.
Terrorism in Nigeria: A Case Study of Boko Haram
ALIMI Etsu , 2013
The cycle of violence being unleashed on Nigerians by the fundamentalist group, Boko Haram has heightened fears among the populace and the international community that the hostility has gone beyond religions or political coloration hence the need to carry out this research. The study is made up of five (5) chapters. Chapter one takes an introductory look into terrorism in Nigeria viz a viz activities of Boko Haram. Chapter two examined different scholars’ views on Boko Haram as a terrorist group in Nigeria. Relevant theories to the study were also examined. Chapter three encapsulated the methodology used in carrying out this study. It spells out the population of the study which already resides in the topic and the sample size for the study. Analysis and description of detailed presentation of results and discussion of the study based on the data gathered in the course of this research forms the body of chapter four. Responses based on 95 questionnaires that are valid are used to examine the existence, activities and effect of Boko Haram on the Nigerian State. The response to the questionnaire was summarized in series of tables, grouped according to the research questions of the problem under investigation and analyzed using the simple percentage method. And of course, chapter five contains summary, conclusion and recommendations of this study. Certain key recommendations were made among which are reduction of drivers of extremism, intelligence gathering, enhanced surveillance, de radicalization etc.
Towards Understanding the Boko Haram Phenomenon in Nigeria
Asian Social Science, 2015
Current international media reports on Nigeria indicate that it is having some serious security challenges arising from the destructive activities of Boko Haram insurgent group. Furthermore, similar reports show that attempts by the Nigerian government to overcome the problem appear to be in effective resulting in loss of lives and properties almost on a daily basis. Thus, prompting the government to seek for international support from United States of America, China and other European states. Against these aforementioned developments, this paper attempts to examine the evolution, operational strategy, effects of Boko Haram insurgent group's activities and response of the Nigerian government. The paper employed qualitative research method and specifically used content analysis to review existing secondary data relating to Boko Haram phenomenon. Among the findings of the paper is that, Boko Haram phenomenon which emerged in 2002 within the NorthEastern state of Borno as a peaceful religious sect has been transformed into a deadly terror organization. Political, external forces and lack of comprehensive approach by the Nigerian government have been identified as some of the factors which contributed in worsening the situation. As a result several lives and properties have been lost. It is therefore, the opinion of the paper that while attempting to overcome the challenges posed by the insurgent group, Nigerian government should at the same time begin to address some of the issues that led to their emergence and spread.
Rethinking Terrorism And Nigeria's National Security: A Study Of Boko Haram Insurgency
Nigeria remains bedevilled by security challenges caused by the emergence and upsurge in the activities of terrorist Islamic extremists, "Boko Haram", a Hausa phrase which means "Western Education is Forbidden." The onslaught became popular in 2009 and operates mostly in the NorthEast axis of the country. This paper assessed how Boko Haram terrorist activities affected Nigeria's national security and the strategic responses deployed by the Nigerian Government to check the menace. The paper is descriptive and qualitative. It utilized published sources of data collection to access information for analysis. Findings indicate that attacks by the insurgency have destroyed lives numbering in thousands, and properties worth millions of dollars. The terrorist insurgency has negatively affected the economy, stunned the education sector, stirred humanitarian crisis, weakened the Nigerian security circle, and threatened the precarious sovereign existence of the country in myriads of ways, including the calculated attempt to Islamize the country. The Nigerian State has deployed efforts and resources in combating the terrorist insurgency since its violent escalation in 2009; however, the insurgency continues to unleash acts of terror on the country. The government's efforts seem far from achieving the urgently needed victory to put an end to the insurgency's carnages. This study thus recommends that to defeat this menace, the government should focus on creating employment, alleviating poverty, implementing community-centric strategy, international cooperation, border surveillance, security synergy, reconnaissance mission and effective judicial process.
Domestic Terrorism And Its Impacts On Nigerian State: An Analysis Of Boko Haram Insurgency
This study aimed at identifying major impacts of Boko Haram insurgency on Nigerian state. In carrying out this study, the paper employed documentary sources and qualitative method in generating data while Frustration aggression theory was adopted as framework of analysis. From the study it was discovered that Boko Haram insurgency impacted negatively on Nigerian state through destruction of lives and properties, disruption of business, reduction in government revenue, fear of foreign investors to live and do business in Nigeria, political instability among others. The paper examines the causative factors and unravels the dominants causes of Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria. Specifically, it also provides a better understanding of the growth and development of Boko Haram terrorists. Consequently, the paper recommends that, instead of using military repressive actions to curb the menace, there is need for Nigerian state to address the root cause(s) of the insurgency which includes poverty, corruption, weak institutions, economic deprivation, illiteracy and religious intolerance among several others.
Combating Terrorism: A Case Study of Nigeria Against Boko Haram Terrorist Group
2014
: Nigeria is currently experiencing unusual security challenges caused by the recent emergence of terrorist acts by an Islamic extremist group in the country. The Islamic extremist group named Boko Haram (BH), a Hausa phrase which means Western Education is forbidden, became known in 2009 and operates mostly in the northern part of Nigeria. Attacks by the group have resulted in loss of lives, numbering in thousands and properties worth millions of dollars. The group has shaken the economy and threatens the sovereignty of Nigeria in many ways, including a bid to Islamize the country. The Nigerian Government (NG) has committed much effort in combating the BH terrorists, but the group continues to terrorize the country. The counterterrorism operation by NG against the terrorist group involves mostly a direct approach, which focuses on the use of force. Inadequate effort is observed to be given to the indirect approach to counterterrorism, which focuses on Inform and Influence Activitie...
Abstract This work studied both the variables that led to the emergence of terrorism in Nigeria and some strategies to be used in combating it. It adopted phenomenography as a research methodology in its approach to discussing its subject matter. The work defined terrorism from the perspective of use of organized violent acts targeted against both the state and non-combatants which are designed to achieve political, religious, social or ideological goals. In the context of Nigeria, the work pointed out some variables that led to the emergence of terrorism. These variables include abysmal poverty religious fanaticism, ethnic and religious politics, unemployment and inability of the government to stop various recurring violence in Nigeria. In the same vein, the work advocated for solid intelligence gathering among security operatives in Nigeria, tightening security in Nigeria’s borders, use of novel technologies and equipment and cutting off the sources of finance of terrorists in Nigeria as some strategies that will be helpful in combating terrorism.
TERRORISM AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF NIGER STATE
elite Project Writers, 2019
The work has five chapters, each chapter structured in analyzing the terrorism and national development, using ‘’Boko Haram crisis in Nigeria and how it affects the socio-political development of Nigeria’’. To do this, the researcher developed twelve (12) questions, these questions were administered in form of questionnaires to 400 people who were selected as a sample of the population primary and secondary data were used as a source of data while tables and percentages were used in organizing and presenting the data collected. The data analysis revealed that Boko Haram crisis has created so many backwardness, hatred, national disintegration and lack of unity in Nigeria. The researcher therefore recommended that for Boko Haram crisis to be prevented, the government should take adequate measures to shut down any training terrorist camps operated by the Boko Haram sect. Then, the nation will start experiencing peace, oneness, security, national unity, development and progress for the betterment of all Nigerians.
Terrorism in Nigeria: The Case of the Boko Haram
2015
This work examines the complex phenomenon of global terrorism in a fast evolving International Order (the New World Order) that is driven by the wheel of globalization as a historical process. The discourse is domesticated within the Nigeria geographical space with the onslaught of the Boko Haram attack on the Nigerian state; its premier institutional bulwark represented by the military and its vulnerable populations as case study. The article presents Nigeria as a deeply divided society that is exploited by the terrorist to their advantage. The work contained herein is anchored on the failed state and the relative deprivation theoretical model to sustain its thrust and give meaning to the arguments articulated. The methodology depended-on for data leans heavily on the analysis of secondary sources within the traditional liberal and social science orientations. Finally, the article presents a set of recommendations that could contribute in the reversal of the grounds covered by the ...
Terrorism and Boko-Haram Insurgency in North-East Nigeria
LAPAI Journal of Humanities, 2020
The threat posed to national and regional security by the activities of such terrorist group like Boko Haram cannot be overlooked considering its socioeconomic , political and even psychological impact on the affected areas in Nigeria. The rampaging terrorist attacks on communities within the NorthEast geo-political zone in Nigeria have really contributed in the disarticulation of development process and moreover social life in these affected areas. It is evident that the continuous gap between the leadership and the led due to corruption, unresponsive leadership, unaccountability, visionless policies, unbridled yearning for continuous accumulation of wealth among other disparaging attributes of Nigeria's leadership have contributed to continuous violent extremism by such terrorist groups like the Boko-Haram. Utilizing the secondary sources of data, content analysis and the Human Security Approach, the paper examines terrorism, with emphasis on Boko Haram insurgency in NorthEast Nigeria. The paper concluded that Boko Haram insurgency in the NorthEast Nigeria remains a threat to the peace and development of the zone.