Growth and health parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) grown in four different aquaculture systems in Kerala, India (original) (raw)
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Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, 2019
Aims: Water quality is one of them being an important role in terms of cultivation. Good water quality can support growth productivity in aquaculture. This is also of great concern when the rest of fish metabolism results that can contaminate fish contained in the maintenance media and if water is changed every day, water carrying toxins can pollute the area around the cultivation. One of the first steps to reduce the toxic content found in the maintenance media and the area around cultivation is to use aquaponic cultivation using biofloc. It is also expected to minimize the toxin content in maintenance media. This research aims to determine the comparison of the polyculture stocking density of sangkuriang catfish and nile tilapia which results in water quality that supports fish productivity. Study Design: The research was conducted experimentally. Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out for 40 days between March 2019 - April 2019 in the Ciparanje Laboratory of ...
The continuous expansion of aquaculture sector has no doubt triggered debate on environmental issues and has accelerated global demand for fishmeal and fish oil in equal measure. In the recent past, scientists have described bioflocs and periphyton technology as self sustaining biotechnology units capable of purifying aquaculture waste water and manufacturing fish food simultaneously. Based on literature evidence, the authors wish to show potential of biofloc technology (BFT) towards improving yield, safety and economic sustainability of cultured tilapia. In addition to fish feed dilemma currently threatening aquaculture sector, this paper describes the concept and dynamics of BFT as possible solution. Tilapia productivity and added values have also been addressed. The BFT works on the basis of recycling nutrients by maintaining high C/N ratio, which stimulates heterotrophic bacteria that converts ammonia into microbial biomass making it possible for protein to be eaten twice (in feed and microorganism) by cultured fish. Although bioflocs contain adequate protein, lipid, carbohydrates and fatty acids, they also ensure biosecurity thus protecting fish from variety of disease infections. Tilapia growth rates of up to 0.3 g.day -1 yielding up to 300 mt.ha -1 has been reported in well managed bioflocs ponds. Also, significant reduction of fish feed by up to 20% has been reported thus lowering total production cost in biofloc aided ponds. Even though the exact mechanisms influencing bioflocs are unknown, the paper describes biological, chemical and physical interactions as possible dynamics shaping microbial communities in bioflocs. The bioflocs technology is inexpensive thus making Ogello et al. (2014) An Appraisal of the Feasibility of Tilapia Production in Ponds … Int. J. Aqu. Sci; 5(1): 21-39, 2014 22 it the forgotten asset for present and future aquaculture. In this respect, authors suggest that a strategy to have a predominance of easily digestible bacteria containing energy rich compounds should be of particular interest in promoting BFT in aquaculture sector. Development of controlled intensive aquaculture systems with a limited water exchange and adjusted carbon nitrogen ratio. Israel Journal of Aquaculture Bamidgeh, 46:119-131. Avnimelech Y. (1999) Carbon / nitrogen ratio as a control element in aquaculture systems. Aquaculture, 176: 227-235. Avnimelech Y. (2005) Tilapia harvest microbial flocs in active suspension research pond. Global Aquaculture Advocate, October 2005.
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2020
The objective of the present study was to assessment the growth performance and some non-specific immunological effects of growing fish Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus in substrate based biofloc systems. This research was consisted of three types of biofloc systems in which bioflocs were produced by daily supplementation of three different carbon sources, i.e., T1 (only biofloc), T2 (biofloc + bamboo) and T3 (biofloc + nylon mat substrates) using wheat flour as carbon source along with control T4 (without biofloc and substrate) at an estimated C/N ratio of 15 and a control system without any organic carbon addition. Each biofloc system was stocked with 15 fingerlings (4.40 g±0.05) of O. niloticus for growth performance with each group consisted of four replicate aquarium tanks of 70 lit capacity that were reared for a period of 60 days. The present study illustrated the prospects of rearing Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus" in a biofloc-based intensive culture tanks without affecting its survival and growth. It enhanced the fish growth and amplified the non-specific immune response and the antioxidant capability.
An Appraisal of the Feasibility of Tilapia Production in Ponds Using Biofloc Technology: A review
The continuous expansion of aquaculture sector has no doubt triggered debate on environmental issues and has accelerated global demand for fishmeal and fish oil in equal measure. In the recent past, scientists have described bioflocs and periphyton technology as self sustaining biotechnology units capable of purifying aquaculture waste water and manufacturing fish food simultaneously. Based on literature evidence, the authors wish to show potential of biofloc technology (BFT) towards improving yield, safety and economic sustainability of cultured tilapia. In addition to fish feed dilemma currently threatening aquaculture sector, this paper describes the concept and dynamics of BFT as possible solution. Tilapia productivity and added values have also been addressed. The BFT works on the basis of recycling nutrients by maintaining high C/N ratio, which stimulates heterotrophic bacteria that converts ammonia into microbial biomass making it possible for protein to be eaten twice (in feed and microorganism) by cultured fish. Although bioflocs contain adequate protein, lipid, carbohydrates and fatty acids, they also ensure biosecurity thus protecting fish from variety of disease infections. Tilapia growth rates of up to 0.3 g.day-1 yielding up to 300 mt.ha-1 has been reported in well managed bioflocs ponds. Also, significant reduction of fish feed by up to 20% has been reported thus lowering total production cost in biofloc aided ponds. Even though the exact mechanisms influencing bioflocs are unknown, the paper describes biological, chemical and physical interactions as possible dynamics shaping microbial communities in bioflocs. The bioflocs technology is inexpensive thus making Ogello et al. (2014) An Appraisal of the Feasibility of Tilapia Production in Ponds … Int. J. Aqu. Sci; 5(1): 21-39, 2014 22 it the forgotten asset for present and future aquaculture. In this respect, authors suggest that a strategy to have a predominance of easily digestible bacteria containing energy rich compounds should be of particular interest in promoting BFT in aquaculture sector. Key Words: Bio-floc technology, Fish food, periphyton, C/N ratio
Aquaculture Reports, 2020
The present study investigated the impact of stocking density and dietary carbon sources on the growth, oxidative status and stress markers of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared under biofloc conditions. Six groups were established at three levels of stocking densities [20, 40 and 60 fish (50.47 ± 0.05 g) per m 3 ] and fed the basal diet without carbon sources or with broken rice flour (BRF) or broken wheat grain flour (BWGF) in biofloc units. Water quality [pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD), Total ammonia-nitrogen (TAN), and nitrite-nitrogen (NO 2)] values were increased significantly (P < 0.05) as the density increased and recorded the highest values in group (60 fish per m 3) while dissolved oxygen decreased. Biofloc volume and bacterial counts were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in 20 fish m −3 and the highest values were in 40 fish per m 3. Significantly increased growth and feed utilization were recorded in 40 fish per m 3 fed with BRF. The lipid content lowered significantly (P < 0.05) in 60 fish m-3 group. Red blood cells count, hemoglobin and hematocrit values were reduced in fish stocked in high density while alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) increased in fish reared in low density. Glucose, cortisol, catalase and superoxide dismutase increased in fish reared at 20 fish m-3 and fed the basal diet. Thus, using of BRF for fish reared at 40 fish per m 3 promotes growth and health status of Nile tilapia cultured in a biofloc system.
Improved fish health: Key to succesful aquaculture
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 2018
Intensification of aquaculture has become an important practice in recent years to optimize the returns. High density stocking, providing artificial feeds and fertilization of the pond water have become common husbandry practices in both fish and shrimp culture systems. Due to intensification of culture practices in aquaculture, diseases caused by microbes have surfaced significantly in culture systems. Use of expensive chemotherapeutants and antibiotics for controlling disease have widely been criticized for their negative impacts like residual accumulation in the tissue, development of the drug resistance and immunosuppression, thus resulting in reduced consumer preference for food fish treated with antibiotics. Hence, instead of chemotherapeutic agents, increasing attention is being paid to the use of probiotic bacteria as microbial control agents. Another alternative to pathogens, use of immunostimulants for disease control measures in aquaculture. An application of immunostimulants for the prevention of fish diseases are considered as an attractive and promising area. In the present study the beneficial effects of probiotics and immunostimulamts on the health and disease resistance of fish have been elucidated. Keywords: probiotics, immunostimulant, aquaculture and pathogen
Proceedings of the International Conference of CELSciTech 2019 - Science and Technology track (ICCELST-ST 2019), 2019
This study is aimed to evaluate the growth and survival rate of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) cultivated in a biofloc system brackish water tanks with the addition of different carbon sources. The experimental treatment was addition of different carbon sources to the media, namely molasses (B), tapioca flour (C), white sugar (D) and without carbon sources or controls (A). Test tilapia used were sized 3.71 ± 0.11 cm with a density of 300 fish / m 3 maintained for 40 days. Fish kept in tanks with a volume of 200 liters filled with sea water as much as 100 l with a salinity of 17 ppt, added with 10 ml / m 3 probiotics and carbon solution with a C / N ratio of 20: 1. The fish were fed with commercial feed (38% protein content), 3 times per day as much as 5% / body weight / day. The addition of probiotics and carbon is done every 8 days. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the addition of carbon sources had a significant effect on growth, survival rate and feed efficiency. The results showed that the best growth, feed consumption and survival of red tilapia were obtained in treatment B (molasses).
Diseases are recognized as one of the major constraints to global aquaculture production and are responsible for the severe impact on both the economic and socio-economic development in many countries of the world. One of the greatest challenges and opportunities for expansion of sustainable aquaculture has been proven to be in managing the health of aquatic organisms. Effective disease control is paramount within aquatic farming systems to stop the spread of infectious pathogens. Any successful health management programme should monitor the health status of fish, identify and manage risks to fish health, reduce exposure to or spread of pathogens and manage the use of antibiotics/chemicals. The success of any farm operation depends on health management systems implemented. The rapid detection of pathogens in infected fish, both clinically and sub-clinically, is desirable for effective health management in aquaculture. Traditional bacteriology, virology, parasitology and mycology are...
Fish Health in Sustainable Development of Agriculture
Aquaculture is a fast-growing food production sector. The gradually increase of this production of fish resulted in serious pathological problems in all countries where intensive aquaculture is practiced. Sustainable development of aquaculture relies on disease prevention. With an intensification of operations, the risk of disease occurence and spread of infectious increases. In aquaculture prevention is a key issue more than in other animal productions in health management. The risk of the diseases increases with the intensification of the production and can be controlled mainly trough the implementation of sanitary or medical prophylactic programs. Sanitation relates to hygienic rules, cleaning and disenfection procedures, water treatment, but also good feeding and rearing practies. Good husbandry and vaccination programs should be applied. Diseases maps and certificaitons programs and regulations must be established. The aim of this paper is to present general overview of important applications for sanitation in sustainable aquaculture.
Nile Tilapia Nursery in a Biofloc System: Evaluation of Different Stocking Densities
Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 2020
This trial aimed to evaluate the growth performance and hematological parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) GIFT strain during nursery using different stock densities in a biofloc system. The experiment was conducted in circular tanks (400 L) with sexually reversed fish, weighing 6.74 ± 0.37 g, over a period of 35 days. Five treatments with three replicates each were used in a completely randomized design. The treatments were as follows: T1 (200 fishes m-3); T2 (300 fishes m-3); T3 (400 fishes m-3); T4 (500 fishes m-3), and T5 (600 fishes m-3). The fishes were fed four times a day, following a feed table for this species, with adjustments according to fish biomass. The water quality parameters total ammoniacal nitrogen, and unionized ammonia showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the treatments with lower (T1) and higher stocking densities (T4, T5). Alkalinity was significantly higher in treatments with higher densities (T4 and T5). For hematological param...