Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment plant for high quality effluent (original) (raw)
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Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment plant performance over a long-term operation
2004
This paper assesses a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) regarding the technology used, as well as organic matter and nutrient removal efficiencies aiming to optimize the treatment processes involved and wastewater reclamation. The WWTP consists of a dissolved air flotation (DAF) system, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, an aerated-facultative pond (AFP) and a chemical-DAF system. The removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (97.9 ± 1.0%), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (98.6 ± 1.0%) and oil and grease (O&G) (91.1 ± 5.2%) at the WWTP, the nitrogen concentration of 17 ± 11 mgN-NH 3 and phosphorus concentration of 1.34 ± 0.93 mgPO 4 À3 /L in the final effluent indicate that the processes used are suitable to comply with discharge standards in water bodies. Nitrification and denitrification tests conducted using biomass collected at three AFP points indicated that nitrification and denitrification could take place in the pond.
UASB reactor effluent nitrogen removal in an aerated-facultative pond at a poultry slaughterhouse
2013
This paper investigates the removal of nitrogen from UASB effluent in an aerated-facultative pond (AFP) at a poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment system. The AFP presented COD, BOD, NTK and ammonia removal efficiencies of 63%, 71%, 68%, and 79%, respectively at surface loading (SL) of 301 ± 109 kg BOD/ha.d and HRT of 18 ± 2 d. HRT in the aerated section of the pond was 4.5 ± 0.4 d. Nitrification and denitrification tests conducted with biomass collected at three AFP points indicated that it is capable of both nitrification and denitrification. The highest ammonia and nitrite oxidation rates as well as the highest nitrate and nitrite denitrification rates were obtained in tests using biomass from the mechanicallyaerated section (PA). The density of ammoniaand nitrite-oxidizing bacteria was higher at PA. In all tests, the ammonia-to-nitrite oxidation rate was higher than that of nitrite-to-nitrate oxidation, corroborating the accumulation of nitrite found in the pond effluent. ...
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2022
BACKGROUND: Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater has a complex composition that is very harmful to health and the environment. A two-stage system is applied to treat wastewater, consisting of an anaerobic filter (AF) combined with constructed wetland (CW). AIM: Experiments carried out under mesophilic conditions aim to evaluate the performance of a biological treatment combining AF and CW on three media filters. METHODS: Observations were made for 15 consecutive days on chemical oxygen demand (COD), BOD 5 , TSS, pH, and fat oils and grease FOG (35.5 mg/L). The treatment system is operated with a sewage loading of 14 m3 s-1 and an RTH of 18.2 h. RESULTS: The results showed that before processing, the average values of COD (2881.4 mg/L), BOD 5 (967 mg/L), TSS (860.3 mg/L), pH (6.7), and FOG (35, 5 mg/L). The greater efficiency was obtained using gravel media, BOD 5 (88.9%), COD (92.9%), TSS (93.4%), and FOG (87.3%). Optimal treatment conditions in this system were found for AF with gravel media, operating at hydraulic retention time = 4.2 h, out of a total of 18.2 h. The IB value increased from 0.3 to >0.5, indicating the combined AF and CW method is suitable for treating wastewater from poultry slaughterhouses. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of the AF method and CW is well applied to the wastewater treatment of poultry slaughterhouses, and parameters values have complied with the applicable regulations. Nevertheless, the removal of oil and grease is highly recommended in pre-treatment to inhibit the anaerobic process.
Membranes
This paper assesses the performance of an integrated multistage laboratory-scale plant, for the treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW). The system was comprised of an eco-flush dosed bio-physico pre-treatment unit for fats, oil, and grease (FOG) hydrolysis prior to the PSW being fed to a down-flow expanded granular bed reactor (DEGBR), coupled to a membrane bioreactor (DEGBR-MBR). The system’s configuration strategy was developed to achieve optimal PSW treatment by introducing the enzymatic pre-treatment unit for the lipid-rich influent (PSW) in order to treat FOG including odour causing constituents such as H2S known to sour anaerobic digestion (AD) such that the PSW pollutant load is alleviated prior to AD treatment. This was conducted to aid the reduction in clogging and sludge washout in the DEGBR-MBR systems and to achieve the optimum reactor and membrane system performance. A performance for the treatment of PSW after lipid reduction was conducted through a quali...
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2016
The objective of this study was to evaluate a combined anaerobic-aerobic upflow fixed-bed reactor with liquid phase recirculation for the removal of nitrogen and organic matter from poultry slaughterhouse wastewater. The reactor performance was evaluated with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 11 h and three different recirculation rates (R=0.5; 1 and 2). The highest nitrogen removal efficiency value was obtained with an HRT of 11 h (6.8 h in the anaerobic zone and 4.2 h in the aerobic zone) and a recirculation rate of 2. In this condition, the total nitrogen removal efficiency was 69%, with effluent concentrations of 6 mg NH 4 + L-1 and 12 mg NO 3-L-1. For all tested conditions, there was good chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, with efficiency above 95%. The effect of dilution and the favoring of mass transfer caused by the increase in the recirculation rate positively influenced reactor performance.
This study evaluated the performance of a lab-scale poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) treatment system consisting of a static granular bed reactor (SGBR) coupled with single stage nitrification-denitrification (SND) bioreactor and ultrafiltration membrane module (ufMM) systems. The feasibility of treating PSW to a water quality standard compliant with industrial wastewater discharge standards was investigated. The SGBR was operated at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) ranging from 24 to 96 h and organic loading rates (OLRs) ranging from 0.73 to 12.49 g COD/L.day, for 138 days. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD 5) and fats, oils and grease (FOG) removal efficiencies achieved by the SGBR averaged 80%, 95%, 89% and 80%, respectively. The SND bioreactor achieved total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies of 33% and 79% for the SGBR effluent, when operated in down-flow mode without aeration and up-flow mode with aeration, respectively. The ufMMs, operated in dead-end filtration mode, were able to further reduce the COD and TSS by an average of 65% and 54%, respectively. The results for the PSW treatment system demonstrated the combined benefits of biological and physical treatment processes, with averaged COD, ortho-phosphate (PO 4 3−-P), TSS and total dissolved solids (TDS) removal efficiencies of 91%, 51%, 97% and 52%, respectively, being achieved over 52 days. The final effluent was deemed suitable for discharge; although, the PO 4 3-and NH 4 +-N requires further monitoring and the PSW treatment system design requires refinement.
Water Science and Technology, 2022
The effluent streams from the individual slaughtering operations were segregated based upon degree of similarity and treated separately. The wastewater from lairage and paunch sections was dominant in suspended solids (SS: 6,000–25,000 mg/L) and was separated with hydrasieve (500 μ) and externally fed rotary drum filter (EFRDF, 200 μ), respectively. The SS removal efficiency of hydrasieve and EFRDF was 75 and 55%, respectively and remaining solids were removed through a primary clarifier. The fats, oil & grease (FOG: 12,000–35,000 mg/L) containing streams from the hide fleshing, rendering, intestine, and tripe washing were routed through a skimming tank. The SS and FOG removal efficiencies through the skimming tank were 75 and 90%, respectively. FOG remaining after the skimming tank was removed using dissolved air floatation (DAF) that achieved 95% FOG removal. In addition, the efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal through the primary treatment system was more than 80%....
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
The sustainable management of a slaughterhouse wastewater calls for feasible treatment technologies to protect the environment and public wastewater treatment facilities. The technology of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket provides an adequate procedural condition for the reduction of carbonaceous matter from the high organic wastewater resulted from the slaughterhouses. The scope of this research included a rapid review on current treatment technologies for the slaughterhouse wastewaters and an investigation of the treatment efficiency of an aerobic stage after a pre-anaerobic treatment in a batch system. A batch reactor system of 1 m 3 volume with a mixer was developed. The anaerobic stage of the batch reactor was initiated using 400 L of fresh slaughterhouse wastewater mixed with 40 L of primary sludge. Three samples from the anaerobic batch reactor were collected at 10 d interval and then five samples were collected from the reactor after being under aerobic condition at 4 d interval. The removal efficiency of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total Kjeldahl nitrogen and PO 4 was 25%, 62%, 42%, and 9% in 30 d, respectively. After the start of aeration system, the removal efficiency was improved up to 94%, 69%, and 93%, respectively, except for PO 4 that showed high variations within the sampling periods.
Physical and Biological Treatment Technologies of Slaughterhouse Wastewater: A Review
Sustainability
Physical and biological treatment technology are considered a highly feasible and economic way to treat slaughterhouse wastewater. To achieve the desired effluent quality for disposal or reuse, various technological options were reviewed. However, most practical operations are accompanied by several advantages and disadvantages. Nevertheless, due to the presence of biodegradable organic matter in slaughterhouse waste, anaerobic digestion technology is commonly applied for economic gain. In this paper, the common technologies used for slaughterhouse wastewater treatment and their suitability were reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of the different processes were evaluated. Physical treatments (dissolved air floatation (DAF), coagulation–flocculation and sedimentation, electrocoagulation process and membrane technology) were found to be more effective but required a large space to operate and intensive capital investment. However, some biological treatments such as anaerobic, ...
International Journal of Environmental Research, 2017
The wastewater treatment has a fundamental role for all the industrial processes, being a crucial part in the water cycle. The meat industry around the world has severe problems associated with the huge freshwater requirements that increase with the population growth. However, nowadays, the most used slaughterhouse wastewater treatment (SWWT) system has negative environment impacts. Hence, the inclusion of the life cycle assessment method, as decision technique in the design and configuration of the treatment train for these industries, results in an attractive innovation. Particularly for the SWWT, the aerobic process is the most used approach; however, its high-energy requirements increase significantly the associated total cost. On the other hand, the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket process has been reported as an attractive treatment, but this needs a secondary treatment for achieving the environmental regulations for some pollutants. Therefore, this paper presents a techno-economic-environmental-social evaluation as a sustainable alternative in wastewater treatment train configuration based on the obtained results of the Trail and Refrigerator of the city of Morelia in Mexico. The results show that with the new configuration, the energetic requirement is reduced by 76%; thus, the operational cost is minimized in the same way, while the environmental impact is reduced by 30% with the integration of anaerobic and aerobic processes. Keywords Slaughterhouses wastewater Á Treatment train Á Environmental impact Á Life cycle assessment Á Aerobic process Á Anaerobic process Abbreviations SWWT Slaughterhouse wastewater treatment LCA Life cycle assessment UASB Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket WWS Slaughterhouse wastewater MPN Most probable number BOD Biochemical oxygen demand COD Chemical oxygen demand TN Total nitrogen TP Total phosphorous FOG Fats, oils, and greases TSS Total suspended solids TDS Total dissolved solids EIA Environmental impact analysis EIAP Aerobic process environmental impact analysis EIANP Anaerobic process environmental impact analysis EIA-WW Untreatment wastewater discharge environmental impact analysis Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (