Cloning and expression of class I major histocompatibility complex genes of the rat (original) (raw)
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The Journal of biological chemistry, 1988
The major histocompatibility complex of the mouse contains numerous class I genes, most of which are encoded in the Qa and Tla regions. By hybridizations, the murine class I genes have been classified into three major families (Rogers, J. H. (1985a) Immunogenetics 21, 343-353). As yet, complete sequences are available only for members of family 1 (several H-2 and Qa genes) or family 2 (the pseudoallelic Tla genes T3b and T13c). We here present the complete nucleotide sequence of a gene from the Tla region that belongs to family 3. This gene, T2Aa, is a pseudogene by several criteria. The general structure of the gene is nonetheless well preserved. A comparison of the T2Aa sequence to those of other murine class I genes confirms the classification into three gene families. Members of gene families 2 and 3, located in the Tla region, are no more similar to each other than to family 1 (the H-2 and Qa2,3 genes). This suggests that families 2 and 3 were both created by ancient duplicatio...
The Genomic Sequence and Comparative Analysis of the Rat Major Histocompatibility Complex
Genome Research, 2004
We have determined the sequence of a 4-Mb interval on rat chromosome 20p12 that encompasses the rat major histocompatibility complex (MHC). This is the first report of a finished sequence for a segment of the rat genome and constitutes one of the largest contiguous sequences thus far for rodent genomes in general. The rat MHC is, next to the human MHC, the second mammalian MHC sequenced to completion. Our analysis has resulted in the identification of at least 220 genes located within the sequenced interval. Although gene content and order are well conserved in the class II and class III gene intervals as well as the framework gene regions, profound rat-specific features were encountered within the class I gene regions, in comparison to human and mouse. Class I region-associated differences were found both at the structural level, the number, and organization of class I genes and gene families, and, in a more global context, in the way that evolution worked to shape the present-day ...
The class II genes of the rat MHC
The Journal of Immunology
Genes that encode class II Ag from the MHC of the rat, the RT1 region, have been isolated as a series of cosmid clones. The cosmids define two clusters, each of which contains three identifiable sequences; one homologous to alpha-chain and two to beta-chain genes. Both the serologically identified rat class II Ag have been expressed in mouse L cell fibroblasts after the introduction of each alpha-chain gene along with a beta-chain gene from the same cluster. There are substantial homologies to the I region of the mouse H-2 complex in the presence, location, orientation, and expression of the six identified sequences from the rat RT1, supporting the view that the overall organization of the two gene complexes has remained conserved since the species separated.
Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1989
The classical class I major transplantation antigens play an essential role in the recognition of antigen by CTL. Their extreme polymorphism is presumably central to their function in binding peptide derivatives of rapidly evolving intracellular pathogens. All the evidence to date has indicated that this functional polymorphism depends solely on primary sequence polymorphism in class I H chain genes. First, such genes, and their protein products, are extensively polymorphic, especially in the al and a2 domains (1). Second, classical genetic experiments demonstrate that functional polymorphism of class I molecules segregates accurately with class I loci (2-5). Third, it has been shown repeatedly that the normal polymorphic structure of functional class I molecules can be reconstituted in cells by transfection of class I H chain genes alone (6, 7). Finally, functional polymorphism defined by the activity ofalloreactive or MHC-restricted T cells has been referred explicitly to particular amino acid residues coded in the al and 0 domains of the H chain that appear to encircle the putative peptide-binding site (8). In this study we report an exception to these general observations. We find that the alloantigenic structure of the product of the classical class I locus of the rat can be changed significantly by the action of a gene located elsewhere within the rat MHC. These structural changes are especially conspicuous at the level of primary alloreactive and secondary MHC-restricted cytotoxic T cells, but can also be detected with a monoclonal alloantibody.