Comparison of the Nutritional Status of Boys with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (original) (raw)
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Nutritional status of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
British Food Journal, 2015
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare the nutritional status and certain anthropometric characteristics in school-age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 200 children (ages eight to 11), half with ADHD and the other half healthy, participated in the study. A three-day food consumption record was taken and evaluated based on energy and macro-micro nutrient requirements. Weight, height, waist, hip, mid-upper arm circumferences and hand grip strength were measured. Findings – Energy, protein, fat, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrate, niacin and zinc intakes were found significantly lower than healthy controls for female participants and all nutrient intakes were found significantly lower than healthy controls for male participants (p<0.05). Children with ADHD had lower anthropometric measures (p>0.05). Research limitations/implications – The study samp...
Nutritional Status of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Pilot Study
International Journal of Pediatrics, 2010
Objectives. This is a pilot study of the dietary intake and nutrient status of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Method. Nutritional assessment of 43 children aged 6-12 with ADHD was performed using a 3-day food record, 24hour recall, and serum assessors. Results. Macronutrient intake and consumption of Low-Nutrient Foods were comparable to population norms; however, 66% were found to be deficient in zinc and 23% in copper. Conclusions. This pilot study reports the food intake and nutrient status of children with ADHD and shows a predisposition for low zinc and copper status in ADHD.
Managing ADHD with Nutrition – A Case Study Report
International Journal of Indian Psychology
According to the WHO Mental health is defined as a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community. One of the most obvious, yet under-recognised environmental factors in the development of major trends in mental health is the role of nutrition. The study is a qualitative analysis on one subject. The objective is to investigate the role of nutrition in the effective management of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as balanced nutrition is very important during childhood which is a period of vigorous growth, increased activity, and development of body functions and social cognitive abilities. The treatment implications of research into nutrition and mental health are enormous. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed chronic mental conditions of childhood....
Nutrients
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric disorder in school-age children and adolescents. However, the reported associations between ADHD and single nutrient intake are inconsistent. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between dietary intake changes and the prevalence of ADHD over time with repeat measurements using data from the Children Health and Environment Research (CHEER). To assess changes over time, we used data obtained in 2006 and 2008 (Phases 1 and 2). In this study, there were 2899 children aged 8 years or older in Phase 1 and 2120 children aged 9 years or older in Phase 2 from Korea, and the ADHD scores and dietary intake of 1733 children in Phases 1 and 2 were used in the final analysis. The YN group refers to children whose disease had improved in Phase 2, and the NY group refers to children diagnosed with ADHD in Phase 2. A notable within-group result was the increase in vegetable protein (p = 0.03) in the YN group...
ADHD FROM A NUTRITIONAL PERSPECTIVE (Atena Editora)
ADHD FROM A NUTRITIONAL PERSPECTIVE (Atena Editora), 2023
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by distraction, anxiety, impulsive behaviors and excessive motor activity, in addition to the attention deficit itself. The most common is that it is diagnosed in childhood, and the most indicated treatment is a combination of medication and psychotherapy. Although the causes of ADHD are still unclear, studies show that the origin of such disorder is multifactorial, involving allergies to food and chemical additives, genetic issues, eating disorders, among other factors. This work aims to gather information available in the literature regarding the influence of diet and nutrition on the development of ADHD in children. For that, the method used was an integrative literature review, with an exploratory character, through research in scientific articles that deal with the subject. Nutrients are extremely important for the functioning of the brain, and alterations in some regions may interfere with the ability to maintain attention and self-control of behavior. In addition, inadequate nutrition during prenatal care can lead to epigenetic changes that affect the child's brain development during pregnancy. In addition, children with ADHD have dietary deficiencies, such as deficiency in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, zinc, iron, B complex vitamins and vitamin D. Some ways to reduce symptoms are related to improving diet, with the intake of the mentioned nutrients and the exclusion of foods with potential allergens, such as gluten, milk, oilseeds, chocolate and eggs. This exclusion must not be total: attempts must be made, in which there is a reduction in symptoms as one of these types of food is eliminated. If it is noticed that the symptoms are directly related to any of these foods, they must be removed from the child's diet. You must also avoid eating large amounts of foods high in sugar, dyes and preservatives. Therefore, nutrition can be a great ally in the treatment of individuals with ADHD, through a diet that combines the inclusion of agents that protect and help brain functioning with the exclusion of foods that serve as triggers that contribute to this disorder.
The influence of components of diet on the symptoms of ADHD in children
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny, 2012
In most children with ADHD the cause of the disease is not exactly known, and its etiology is multifactorial. The conventional treatment is based on the combination of behavioral and psychological therapy and the pharmacotherapy. The pharmacotherapy has a high effectiveness in ADHD treatment, but it is often associated with undesirable side effects, such as: loss of appetite and weight, growth inhibition, abdominal pain, headaches, sleeping problems and increased blood pressure. In the recent years, much attention was devoted to the issue of an appropriate diet in this disease, especially when the standard pharmacotherapy is not effective. The diet of pregnant and lactating woman, and child may have an impact on the development and deepening of the hyperkinetic syndrome. There is much evidence to indicate that it is linked to nutritional factors. Chronic deficiencies of certain minerals such as zinc, iron, magnesium and iodine and insufficient dietary intake of long-chain polyunsatu...
Objective: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children. According to concern regarding the growth of these children, this study was carried out to compare height and weight between 5-6-year-old boys with ADHD and those without ADHD in Ahvaz, Iran Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 32 5-6-year-old ADHD boys with the Conners' rating scale (CRS) of ≥ 15 were compared to 32 non-ADHD same-age boys with CRS of < 15. Exclusion criteria were some special disease with negative effect on growth and psychostimulant treatment. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) curves were used to determine the growth status. Results: Comparison between ADHD and non-ADHD boys regarding mean height (111.95 ± 6.12 vs. 110.77 ± 6.22 cm), weight (19.39 ± 3.65 vs. 19.19 ± 3.75), and body mass index (15.44 ± 1.82 vs. 15.54 ± 1.67) showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our study does not support an association between problems in growth outcomes and ADHD in 5-6 years old boys Declaration of Interest: Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences financially supported this study.
Dietary Patterns in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Nutrients, 2014
The role of diet in the behavior of children has been controversial, but the association of several nutritional factors with childhood behavioral disorders has been continually suggested. We conducted a case-control study to identify dietary patterns associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study included 192 elementary school students aged seven to 12 years. Three non-consecutive 24-h recall (HR) interviews were employed to assess dietary intake, and 32 predefined food groups were considered in a principal components analysis (PCA). PCA identified four major dietary patterns: the "traditional" pattern, the "seaweed-egg" pattern, the "traditional-healthy" pattern, and the "snack" pattern. The traditional-healthy pattern is characterized by a diet low in fat and high in carbohydrates as well as high intakes of fatty acids and minerals. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of ADHD for the highest tertile of the traditional-healthy pattern in comparison with the lowest tertile was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.12-0.79). The score of the snack pattern was positively associated with the risk of ADHD, but a significant association was observed only in the second tertile. A significant association between ADHD and the dietary pattern score was not found for the other two dietary patterns. In conclusion, the traditional-healthy dietary pattern was associated with lower odds having ADHD.
Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 2003
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is multidetermined and complex, requiring a multifaceted treatment approach. Nutritional management is one aspect that has been relatively neglected to date. Nutritional factors such as food additives, refined sugars, food sensitivities/allergies, and fatty acid deficiencies have all been linked to ADHD. There is increasing evidence that many children with behavioral problems are sensitive to one or more food components that can negatively impact their behavior. Individual response is an important factor for determining the proper approach in treating children with ADHD. In general, diet modification plays a major role in the management of ADHD and should be considered as part of the treatment protocol.