The Layers of Function Words in Moldavian Slavonic Texts (15th -16th centuries) (2023) (original) (raw)
Related papers
Slavic and East European Journal, 1986
This book is the outgrowth of a research project on the formation of the Slavic National Languages which was granted by the Ford Foundation to the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures at Yale University ten years ago. While the other volumes issuing from this project dealt with political, cultural, and linguistic processes that led to the formation of the modern Slavic literary languages,' this volume has the more specific purpose of providing an insight into the orthographic, grammatical, and lexicographical works which have over the ages contributed to the crystallization of a Slavic national consciousness, to the formation of the Slavic literary languages, and to the knowledge of the Slavic languages and dialects. It is precisely in these works that the rights to autonomy and literary status of the Slavic languages were articulated in the most eloquent and emphatic terms (particularly in the prefaces to the grammars and dictionaries), and that the distinctive as well as the common features of the Slavic languages were described in the most comprehensive and explicit form. In addition to contributing to a better understanding of the history of the Slavic literary languages, this volume is thus intended in the first place as a guide to the history of Slavic grammatical thought as reflected in the grammars and dictionaries that came from the desks of Slavic and non-Slavic scholars from about 1400 until about 1850. The cutoff date 1850 was suggested by the fact that most Slavic literary languages (except Byelorussian and Macedonian) were formed by then. For a bibliography of Slavic linguistic works written in the second half of the 19th century the reader may consult a Selected Bibliography of Slavic Linguistics by E. Stankiewicz and D.Worth (2 vols., 1966; 1970), which in effect forms a companion piece of this volume. The original "National Languages" character of the project has also dictated the omission of works that deal with the historical elaboration of Church Slavonic and with the attempts at artificial all-Slavic languages. For the older history of the former, Jagic's Rassuzdenija juznoslavjanskoj i russkoj stariny o cerkovnoslavjanskom jazyke (1896) is still an unsurpassed source, whereas the works on the latter are easily available in an ever growing literature (particularly in works devoted to the most astute Panslavist and linguist of his time, Juraj Krizanic). On the other hand, I have included works of either type (e.g., Zizanij, Berynda, Smotryc'kyj; Herkel, Majar), insofar as they affected the history of the Slavic national languages by either fostering or hampering their growth. I have also omitted works of secondary importance, especially in the case of languages with rich grammatical traditions (such as "azbukovniki", primers and school grammars), as well as dictionaries of exotic languages. But as the latter made their appearance fairly late (in the 18th and 19th centuries), they had little bearing on the direction of Slavic grammatical thought.
Grammatical Profiles and Aspect in Old Church Slavonic
Transactions of the Philological Society, 2013
We employ a new empirical approach to an enduring controversy concerning the development of a system of imperfective vs. perfective verbs in Slavic. While scholars once claimed that this is an ancient inherited system, dating from the prehistoric era, most now believe that the Slavic aspect-pair system is an innovation. Different opinions concerning the date of this innovation range from the time of the earliest Slavic texts to the late middle ages. We use two different statistical models to sort Old Church Slavonic data from the PROIEL corpus and compare the results to distributions of verb forms in modern Russian. This comparison shows that there are indeed differences among verbs in Old Church Slavonic that suggest a division into imperfective vs. perfective verbs, although this division is clearly not identical to the division found in modern Russian.
The Role of Prefixation in Old Church Slavonic
Biblioteca di Studi Slavistici
In this paper, I analyse the role of prefixation in the Old Church Slavonic (OCS) verbal aspect system. For my analysis, I first need to establish how the aspect of OCS verbs can be determined. To that end, I use a combination of methods: morphological categorization, grammatical profiling and semantic analysis. My analysis shows that, although prefixation in most cases equals perfectivization in OCS, it does not create aspect pairs like suffixation does. This is mainly because of the fact that many simplex verbs in OCS are anaspectual, even when prefixed formations exist.
Lexical eclecticism of Latin texts on the territory of Ukraine of the XV-XVII centuries
Graeco-Latina Brunensia, 2019
The article explores changes in the lexical system of the Latin language that have resulted from the close long-term interaction of several linguistic cultures. Latin was a spoken language which was under the influence and at the same time itself influenced other national European languages. As a result, the Latin language of one time period in different geographical areas had certain peculiarities. Particularly interesting is the example of Ukrainian version of Latin because it was used in Ukraine simultaneously with a language of another group with its own grammatical system and lexical composition. Despite the fact that Latin in Ukraine of the XV-XVII centuries inherited grammatical and lexical systems of classical Latin, the level of which among the authors was rather high, the Latin language underwent certain changes due to the influence of Ukrainian and Polish.
Written languages in Moldavia during the reign of Peter Rareş (2022)
Studia Ceranea 12, 2022
The language of the Moldavian books and chancery documents written during the reign of Peter Rareş (1527-1538, 1541-1546) shows an unneglectable variability depending on the purpose, addressee and format of the texts. Using all kinds of preserved texts from this period, we have tried to describe this variability focusing on the texts written in the Cyrillic script. These texts are evaluated according to three criteria: spelling, morphosyntax and vocabulary. The most prestigious variety was the Trinovitan (Tărnovo) variety of Middle Church Slavonic. Its shape in the texts, belonging to the common Church Slavonic legacy, shows the lowest impact of the Moldavian linguistic environment. The original Church Slavonic bookish texts composed in Moldavia (Macarie's Chronicle, Enkomion to St John the New, colophons and inscriptions) show a variable proportion of Moldavian spelling and morphosyntactic markers. The chancery documents can be characterised by blending of Church Slavonic and Ruthenian (Ukrainian-based) elements. Except the Ruthenian-based documents addressed to Poland, the chancery documents are basically Church Slavonic shaped with Ruthenian infiltrations on the level of some fixed formulas, function words and few lexical items. Moreover, Slavonic letters sent to Transylvania show tiny Wallachian Slavonic influence, manifested by forms of Serbian chancery origin. Monastery charters combine CS-shaped Ruthenian formulas with Trinovitan Church Slavonic formulas, partly shared with colophons and inscriptions. Thus, the Moldavian written legacy shares common elements both with the Wallachian milieu (e.g. Romanian Cyrillic spelling of proper names, Romanian impact on morphosyntax, specific terminology etc.) as well as with a broader Ruthenian area (mainly the eastern part of the Polish-Lithuanian Union).
Il suffisso verbale -yva-/-iva- in testi slavo-orientali dei secoli XI-XIV
Le lingue slave tra struttura e uso, 2016
The article focuses on the main uses of secondary imperfective verbs with the suffix -yva-/-iva- in Early East Slavic texts dated 11th-14th centuries. The verbs with this suffix are used in all different contexts where the imperfective verbal aspect is required. The examples from the texts show a more frequent occurrence of the verbal forms with the suffix in dialogues, that is in passages involving oral communication contexts. Only in the later centuries the suffix will also take the particular function of expressing the “iterative mode of action” (iterativnyj sposob dejstvija).
Slovene, 2014
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International The collection of articles published as The Slavonic Apostolus: Text History and Language (SA) is made up of materials presented at the roundtable discussion "Slawischer Apostolos: Bestandsaufnahme und Perspektiven" (The Slavonic Apostolus: Results and Perspectives), which took place on December 8-9, 2011 at the Institute for Slavic Studies, Humboldt University of Berlin. Slavists from diff erent European counties including the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Great Britain, Italy, Russia, and Germany share their work in SA. The majority of the articles are published in Russian, which will allow Russian Slavists, or at least those who can read Russian, to evaluate the scholarly advances presented in the volume. SA has four parts: "Рукописная традиция Апостола" (The Manuscript Tradition of the Apostolus), "Печатный Апостол" (The Printed Apostolus), "Материалы для дискуссии" (Discussions), and "Справочные материалы" (References). The fi rst section, which is devoted to the manuscripts of the Apostolus, constitutes the main part of SA and is characterized by the widest variety in subject matter. The authors focus on the mutual relationships among the various versions (redactions) of the Epistles and the Acts of the Apostles; the history and structure of the Synaxarion included in Apostolus texts and its sources in the Byzantine tradition; the adaptation mechanisms for citation and informal references introduced in medieval texts and the role of such references in the study of the Slavonic translations over the course of their history and existence; linguistic characteristics of the manuscript sources and perspectives on applying computer technologies to textual studies of the Slavonic Apostolus.
Teaching Slavonic in 17th century Romania: teaching material by Staico, professor at Târgoviște
Swedish journal of Romanian studies, 2023
The aim of this study is to present, based on the Rom. ms. 312 from the Academy Library in Bucharest, the teaching material used by a teacher of Slavonic in the second half of the 17 th century. Rom. ms. 312 BAR is well-known particularly because it contains the largest dictionary belonging to the group of the first bilingual Romanian dictionaries. The elaboration of these dictionaries should be considered in relation to the political and cultural context of the reign of Matei Basarab, in a period in which Wallachia was influenced by the cultural prestige of Kyiv and of the metropolitan Petru Movilă, who influenced the cultural development of the Romanian Principalities. Matei Basarab wanted to restore the dominance of the Slavonic language and culture, by encouraging the development of schools, among other measures. The necessary linguistic tools were provided by Kyiv, namely the Slavonic-Ruthenian lexicon and Meletius Smotrytsky's Slavonic grammar (1619). These tools, besides being used as such in schools, provide models for the first Romanian dictionaries and the first Slavonic grammar translated into Romanian. Six Slavonic-Romanian dictionaries have survived, all written in the second half of the 17th century (except for one dating from 1649) in Wallachia, based on the Slavonic-Ruthenian lexicon published by Pamvo Berynda in 1627, which these six works adapted both in terms of the number of entries and the content of the Romanian definitions. Except for the lexicon issued in 1649, the others seem to be modified copies based on a single version. Two manuscripts containing the first Romanian bilingual lexicons also include copies after the same Romanian redaction of the Slavonic grammar. The Rom. ms. 312 comprises the lexicon, part of the grammar, and other lexicographical components, organized as additions to the main word lists. There are several studies on the content of Rom. ms. 312, yet previous research only presents it from a general perspective without much detail on its components. We shall demonstrate that its content is also more complex than that of the other lexicons, indicating and presenting its parts: the first list of words taken from the Slavonic-Ruthenian lexicon; a second list which is independent of it, but which can also be found in three of the other lexicons included in the group; three