Efficacy Trial of an Innovative Group Theories and Practices and Body Image Academic Initiative for College Students (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2000
Objective: This study examines the effect of an interactive, school-based, selfesteem education program on the body image and eating attitudes and behaviors of young male and female adolescents following the program and after 12 months. Method: All 470 eligible students (63% female) aged 11-14 years volunteered to participate. The intervention group students participated in the program, whereas the control group students received their scheduled personal development and health class. Results: The program significantly improved the body satisfaction of the intervention students and significantly changed aspects of their self-esteem; social acceptance, physical appearance, and athletic ability became less important for the intervention students and more important for control students. Female intervention students rated their physical appearance as perceived by others significantly higher than control students and allowed their body weight to increase appropriately by preventing the age increase in weight-losing behaviors of the control students. One year after the intervention, body image and attitude changes were still present. These findings also held for the 116 students (63% females) with low self-esteem and higher anxiety, who were considered at risk for the development of eating disorders. These students also had significantly lower drive for thinness and greater body satisfaction following the intervention and the decreased importance of physical appearance to their self-esteem was present at 12 months. Control at-risk students significantly decreased their body weight, whereas the weight of the intervention at-risk students significantly increased. The intervention program was effective, safe, having no effect on measures of students' anxiety or depression, and was rated highly by students. Discussion:This is the first controlled educational intervention to successfully improve body image and to produce long-term changes in the attitudes and self-image of young adolescents. This new approach to prevent the development of eating disorders by improving self-esteem may be effective, particularly if reinforced by teachers and family.
Dissonance-based body image interventions are among the most effective interventions for adolescent girls. However, dissemination of these interventions remains challenging. In addition, the emerging field of positive body image suggests that interventions should promote body appreciation as well as reduce pathology. The current study examines whether undergraduate students can effectively deliver a dissonance-based intervention to secondary school girls. In addition, it examines whether this intervention can increase body appreciation. Sixty-two adolescent girls were randomly allocated to the intervention or control condition. In the intervention group, body dissatisfaction was significantly reduced and body appreciation was significantly improved from pre- to post-intervention. There were no changes in body dissatisfaction or body appreciation in the control group. There was a reduction in thin-ideal internalization for all participants. These preliminary findings suggest that undergraduate students can be effective interventionists for dissonance-based programs in schools and dissonance-based interventions can promote body appreciation.
The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2000
Objective: This study examines the effect of an interactive, school-based, selfesteem education program on the body image and eating attitudes and behaviors of young male and female adolescents following the program and after 12 months. Method: All 470 eligible students (63% female) aged 11-14 years volunteered to participate. The intervention group students participated in the program, whereas the control group students received their scheduled personal development and health class. Results: The program significantly improved the body satisfaction of the intervention students and significantly changed aspects of their self-esteem; social acceptance, physical appearance, and athletic ability became less important for the intervention students and more important for control students. Female intervention students rated their physical appearance as perceived by others significantly higher than control students and allowed their body weight to increase appropriately by preventing the age increase in weight-losing behaviors of the control students. One year after the intervention, body image and attitude changes were still present. These findings also held for the 116 students (63% females) with low self-esteem and higher anxiety, who were considered at risk for the development of eating disorders. These students also had significantly lower drive for thinness and greater body satisfaction following the intervention and the decreased importance of physical appearance to their self-esteem was present at 12 months. Control at-risk students significantly decreased their body weight, whereas the weight of the intervention at-risk students significantly increased. The intervention program was effective, safe, having no effect on measures of students' anxiety or depression, and was rated highly by students. Discussion:This is the first controlled educational intervention to successfully improve body image and to produce long-term changes in the attitudes and self-image of young adolescents. This new approach to prevent the development of eating disorders by improving self-esteem may be effective, particularly if reinforced by teachers and family.
Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine perception, thoughts and behaviors on nutrition and body image of students who have just started their university education, and study their relationships with anthropometric measures, food intakes and feelings about nutrition and body image. Material and Methods: A total of 157 students attending the first classes of Health (n:77) and Social (n:80) Sciences Departments of Ondokuz Mayıs University were included in this study. A questionnaire on demographic characteristics and some psychometric tests (Beck Depression Inventory, Eating Attitudes Test-40 and Beck Anxiety Inventory) were applied to all participants along with some anthropometric measurements. SPSS for Windows 10.0 Statistical Package Computer Program was used for the evaluation of all data. Results: Eating Attitudes Test Scores in females were significantly higher than males (17.67±7.85 vs. 12.68±5.30; p=0.005 respectively). Beck Anxiety Inventory score was significantly higher in students having any disease in their first degree relatives (18.44±10.10 vs. 13.38±8.67; p=0.002). When the relationships between psychometric tests with age and body weight were examined, depression and anxiety scores showed significant negative correlation only with age (p=0.005). In female students, the ratios of insufficiencies for daily carbohydrate and fat intakes along with energy intake were in high levels. Conclusion: Female students were more prone to develop eating disorders. Students with any health problems in their first degree relatives significantly preferred health sciences education. The results of this study must be taken into consideration by families, educators and social media in order to decrease the incidence of eating disorders since these affect physical and mental health of the adolescents adversely.
Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 2008
Although eating disorders prevention research has begun to produce programs with demonstrated efficacy, many such programs simply target individuals as opposed to engaging broader social systems (e.g., schools, sororities, athletic teams) as participant collaborators in eating disorders prevention. Yet, social systems ultimately will be responsible for the real-world delivery of eating disorder prevention programs, suggesting that an important issue has yet to be addressed. Namely, it is unclear to what degree efficacious individual-focused eating disorder prevention programs remain effective when incorporated into critical social systems under real-world conditions. Over the past 5 years, we have collaborated with the campus sororities in the development of a sustainable eating disorders prevention program that is based on the prevention efficacy literature. This paper describes both challenges and helpful strategies that we encountered in tailoring an evidence-based eating disorders prevention program to the needs of a relevant social system.
Self-perception of body image in college students of a nutrition course
International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
Objective: To evaluate the body image of university students in the course of nutrition. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 181 students of both genders from the Nutrition Undergraduate of Maranhão, Brazil. The presence and degree of dissatisfaction with body shape were evaluated by Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ 34), another instrument used in this study was Body Figure Silhouettes (BFS). Results: The participants presented mean age of 23.1 (±5.2) years, majority women (89.5%). Most of the subjects were eutrophic (66.9%) according to BMI, and no image perception disorder according to BSQ34. According to the BSF, 56 students had the silhouette represented by figure 4, however, the figure most desired by 111 students was demonstrated by silhouette 3, (p-value 0.000). Demonstrating the desire for weight loss of the majority, despite being represented by a silhouette eutrophic. Conclusion: Most (66.9%) eutrophic, according to BMI and without image distur...
Iranian Evolutionary Educational Psychology Journal, 2022
Social media can cause body dissatisfaction by presenting social ideals about appearance. This dissatisfaction can lead to eating problems and low self-esteem, which is frequently seen in adolescents. Therefore, intervention in this situation can be valuable for research and treatment purposes. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the school-based intervention “Dove Confident Me” on eating problems and self-esteem in female adolescents with eating disorders. This quasi-experimental research was performed using a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all female high school students in Bandar Abbas (Iran) in 2021. A total of 47 female students were selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental (23 people) and control (24 people) groups. Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were used to collect data. Research hypotheses were tested using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA). The results indicated that the school-based intervention “Dove Confident Me” had a significant effect on the improvement of symptoms of eating disorders (F = 6.41, p < 0.05) and self-esteem (F = 5.35, p < 0.05) in female adolescents with eating disorders. According to the findings, the “Dove Confident Me” intervention can improve eating problems and self-esteem of female adolescents with eating disorders by correcting social ideals about appearance and improving media literacy. Furthermore, it can be applied as an effective treatment and training method.
Body Image in Students: Relationship with Eating, Media Influence, and Self-esteem
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology
Introduction: This study was carried to examine the body image satisfaction and its relationship with self-esteem, body mass index (BMI), and influence of media on body image. Another objective was to observe any existing relationship between gender and body image dissatisfaction.