Knowledge, attitudes and practices of parents regarding antibiotic use among children: Differences between urban and rural areas in the Republic of Srpska (original) (raw)
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Knowledge, attitudes and practices of parents regarding antibiotic use in children
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Emerging resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy is becoming a challenge for medicine in recent times. Un-prescribed use of antibiotics is a major contributor to development of this problem. In Pakistan access to antibiotics remains unchecked and hence results in it are over use. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge of parents regarding use of antibiotics, its associated problems, their source of information and their expectations from Paediatricians for prescription of anti-biotics. This is a questionnaire based cross sectional study conducted in Hayatabad town, District Peshawar. Parents who were consenting, had children aged between 0-16 years, and were not related to medical profession were included in study. Total number of participants interviewed was 400. Analysis was done using prevalence ratios. Most of the participants were mothers. Majority of respondents were literate with education up till level of Graduation. 64% mentioned that they enjoyed a good access to h...
Pediatric Oncall, 2020
To assess parents' knowledge and attitudes towards the use of antibiotics within the paediatric age range. Methods and Materials: This observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, with a voluntary and anonymous questionnaire was implemented over three months to a sample of parents of children and teenagers enrolled on two Family Health Units, D. Jordão (rural area) and Sétima Colina (urban area). results: A total of 294 valid questionnaires were obtained. Only 149 (51%) answered that antibiotics treat bacterial infections, 101 (34%) believed that they help in the recovery of a flu and 36 (12%) considered that they should always be used in case of fever. Two hundred twenty-seven (77%), identified misuse of antimicrobials as a cause of bacterial resistance, even so, 31% became concerned if the doctor does not prescribe these drugs. Only 87 (30%) showed high level of knowledge and a statistically significant correlation existed between higher age of parents [Odd's ratio (OR)=2.37], education (OR=3.42), confidence in doctors (OR=2.06) and level of knowledge of respondents. There was no statistically significant difference between the level of knowledge of users in the rural environment compared to those in the urban environment (p=0.546). conclusion: Most parents are unaware of antibiotics' function, as well as the difference between viral and bacterial infections. Although they identify that misuse of these drugs may lead to bacterial resistance, parents become reluctant when antibiotics are not prescribed. introduction Antibiotics, whose function allows the prevention and cure of infections of bacterial origin, are considered one of the most relevant inventions of the 20 th century. 1-3 Prior to their discovery, bacterial infections contributed significantly tzo morbidity and mortality on a global scale. 1,4 Thus, antibiotics play an essential role in medical practice, 2,5 so their prescription has been increasing. 4,6 In 2014, these drugs contributed to 70.5% of the total anti-infectious drugs prescribed at ambulatory care and hospitals in Mainland Portugal. 7 However, its widespread use correlates with the development of strains of resistant bacteria. 1,8,9 Although this is a natural process resulting from the selective pressure exerted by the use of antibiotics, the selection of resistant strains is enhanced by inappropriate and frequent use of this pharmacological class. 8,10,15
Sohag Medical Journal, 2018
Background: Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are considered to be the most common reason for children's visits to outpatient clinics. The emergence and spread of resistance related to the irrational use of antibiotics is a major global public health problem. Aim of the work: This study aimed to assess parents' knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding the use of antibiotics in URTIs in children. Methodology: A cross-sectional study wascarried out among parents(N=800) of children who were attending the maternal and child health center in Sohag city and the family medicine unit in Elmahamdaelbahria village in the period from 1 st July 2016 till 31 th May 2017.Results:Our results revealed that females were about 62.6%, those not sharing in labor force were 55.9 %, and urban parents were about58.8%. The mean age of parents was 33 years old.There is a statistically highly significant difference between mother & father in mean scoresof knowledge, attitude, practice; they were lower in fathers. Also, there is statistically significant difference between parents with different ages in practice score. There are highly statistically significant differences between mothers who were sharing and not sharing in labor force in Attitude, Practice scores.Conclusion:Parents with loweducational level, rural residence, low income and with two children or less have lack of knowledge ,inappropriate beliefs andpractices so they are vulnerable for misusing antibiotics for their children.
Pharmacy Practice
Objectives: to assess the knowledge of both parents and community pharmacists regarding antibiotics use and resistance in pediatrics in Lebanon. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2017 in community pharmacies. A pre-established questionnaire targeting knowledge of parents and pharmacists regarding antibiotics use/misuse was carried out. An index of knowledge was computed to assess factors associated with good knowledge on antibiotics use/misuse. Results: The study showed that 28.7% of pharmacists did not know which factors may contribute to antimicrobial resistance. Concerning the misuse of antibiotics, pharmacists blamed at first parents (90.1%), at second level physicians (72.8%), and third themselves (59.4%). Furthermore, pharmacists believed that the socioeconomic problems of the country (86.1%), the level of resistance to the molecule of choice (80.8%), the lack of consultation time (71.2%) and the lack of national guidelines/recommendations (66.3%) might be additional factors contributing to antimicrobial resistance. In case of acute otitis media, the majority of pharmacists chose the correct treatment, dose and duration according to international guidelines; this was in contrast to the results obtained in case of pharyngitis. Female pharmacists had a significantly higher knowledge score compared to their male counterparts (ORa=2.51). Half of parents (42.6%) declared that antibiotics act against both viruses and bacteria, 55.9% still believe that the presence of fever requires the administration of antibiotics, 50% didn't know the consequences of antibiotics misuse, 58.4% said that it is okay to give their child antibiotics without a physician's advice or based on a pharmacist's recommendation, and 66.7% trusted the pharmacist in the antibiotic prescription. Parents with a university level of education or a master's degree had significantly better knowledge compared to illiterate ones (ORa=9.04 and ORa=16.46, respectively). Conclusions: Based on the results obtained, it would be necessary to implement educational campaigns in order to increase awareness on antibiotics misuse and resistance in pediatrics.
Awareness Level of Parents about Antibiotics Those Are given to Children in Riyadh Region 2017
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2017
Background: Defect of use of antibiotics is bothering pediatricians. This defect is participating in the prevalence of one of global health problem called antibiotic Resistance. Many articles are supporting the idea that use of antibiotics is positively related to antibiotic resistance and this problem is increasing and growing up. By the way, incorrect use of antibiotics has many factors that contribute on, like patient attitude and deficiency of education from the physician who prescribed the antibiotic. Also, patient's knowledge and practice with the antibiotic like self-prescription. What is patient expecting from antibiotic and previous experience with antibiotics? Parents are responsible to give medications to children. So, we need to increase parents' knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) toward antibiotics to reach new generation without antibiotic resistance. Regarding Saudi Arabia, antibiotic resistance already exists and the rate of resistance is increased in the last decade. Aim of the work: To assess how parents are aware of antibiotics those given to their children by evaluating knowledge, attitude, and practice of parents in Riyadh region, central Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is questionnaire based cross-sectional study. Authors were circulating on Riyadh Region to find volunteers to fill questionnaires among parents of children in public places by selecting parents of children up to 12 years old by choosing random samples from each place. The questionnaire has two parts: the first part, as usual, is containing demographic data. While the second part: is the part that is evaluating KAP of parents towards antibiotics. Then we compared the final results by Chi-Square test and p-values less than 0.05 was considered as significant value. Results: around 1058 parents volunteered to participate in this study (response rate was 88.16%) by mean age of 38. Around 89.6% used antibiotics for their children before. There are 9.5% of parents were believe that their children need antibiotics each time they get sick. More than 35% of our participants don't complete period of antibiotic use to their child as what is mentioned on prescription. About 82.3% believe that antibiotics can harm children. There are 41.7% of parents bought antibiotics to their children from the previous prescription. Around 61.1% don't know the term antibiotic resistance. There are 28.4% of participants could change their doctors if they don't prescribe antibiotics easily, while only 642(60.7%) could change their doctors if they prescribe antibiotics excessively. About 68.1% of participants believe that doctors prescribe antibiotics excessively. Nearly 49% have good KAP, 41% of participants have intermediate KAP and remaining 10% have poor KAP. Females are better than male in KAP, people with high degree education are better than other and parents who used antibiotics before are better than those who didn't (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: Level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of people in Riyadh region is ranging between good to moderate, and tends to be good. We can expect antibiotics resistance to happen among new generation in Riyadh region. There is an unacceptable idea that is highly prevalent among parents that doctors excessively prescribe antibiotics. Moreover, mothers have better awareness than fathers. People with high degree level of education have better awareness than others.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, 2023
Background Self-medication and lack of patient adherence contribute to antibiotic misuse. This article describes parents' attitudes and practices regarding use of antibiotics by their children in Kosovo. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted during data collection. We surveyed a total of 453 parents of children aged 0-15 years, who had experiences with using antibiotics for their children. Correlation tests and regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between variables. Results Our findings showed that 42.2% of parents strongly agreed or agreed with the use of antibiotics as a means to cure a cold or flu in their child more quickly. In addition, 29.8% were not aware of antibiotic side effects. Non-compliance with antibiotic treatment was 35.8%, and 28.9% of surveyed parents suggested that they had pressured their pediatricians to prescribe antibiotics for their children. A total of 10.15% of parents had no information on antibiotic resistance, and 34.38% of parents responded that they did not believe that self-medication with antibiotics could lead to resistance. Regression analysis results indicated that gender and age group have a significant influence on the parents' decision that an antibiotic should be used in children with high fever (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings suggest that antibiotic management by parents in Kosovo is not satisfactory, and more attention should be given to their knowledge of the side effects of antibiotics, bacterial resistance and reduction in the self-medication. Health education, adequate measures and interventions are needed to overcome this situation and ensure rational use of antibiotics in Kosovo.
https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR\_Vol.6\_Issue.5\_May2019/Abstract\_IJRR0045.html, 2019
Antibiotics are one of the most widely used medicines. They are drugs which kill and arrest the growth of bacteria and are used to treat infections. However, rampant use over the decades has gradually led to the emergence of resistant organisms, threatening to render these drugs ineffective. Children have one of the highest rates of antibiotic use as they tend to suffer from more infections in the formative years of life. The awareness, perceptions and attitudes of mothers about various aspects of antibiotic use like utility, side-effects, consequences of skipping doses, importance of completing the full course of therapy, etc are critical determinants not only of the child"s health but also of the cost of healthcare and emergence of resistant pathogens in the long-run. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Paediatric OPD of a tertiary care hospital where 700 mothers of under-five children were interviewed. Descriptive statistics and suitable tests like Chi-square test were used to analyse the data. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results revealed that about two-thirds of the participants have some basic knowledge that antibiotics are used in treatment of infections. However, many of them also believed that antibiotics are needed in all episodes of childhood illnesses like diarrhoea, including viral infections. The knowledge about antibiotic resistance was poor. Majority of the participants would use antibiotics without a doctor"s prescription and most of them wouldn"t complete the full course of therapy once the symptoms subsided. The study highlights the scope of scaling up efforts at educating the parents about consequences of these improper practices and the impending menace of antibiotic resistance.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017
Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) of parents on the use of antibiotics among children for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2014 at kindergartens around Kuala Lumpur. Data were collected using questionnaires which were distributed to parents with children aged ≤ 6 y. Results: A total of 169 parents participated in this study. Parental knowledge on the use of antibiotics in children for URTI was poor with a mean score of 1.99+1.27 (total score = 5). The overall attitude was positive with a mean score of 23.01+6.17 (total score = 60). Gender, educational level, personal and household monthly incomes were significantly associated with both knowledge and attitudes (a total score of p<0.05). A moderate, significant negative correlation was found between knowledge score and attitude score (rs =-0.498, p<0.001). Conclusion: This study provides an insight towards parental KAPs on the use of antibiotics among children for URTIs. Improving parental KAPs may reduce the inappropriate use of antibiotics among children.
2021
BackgroundUpper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are common in children. Most URTIs have been shown to be of viral origin. Inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the main causes of antibiotic resistance. The problem of unnecessary antibiotic use among children is a concern for antibiotic resistance in low- and middle-income developing countries.MethodsOur study is a cross-sectional survey study. It was carried out between 14 December 2020 and 1 April 2021 for parents over 18 years of age with a child under 18 years’ old who applied to the general pediatrics outpatient clinics of Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Department of Pediatrics.Results554 parents responded to the questionnaire. A total of 15.7% of parents stated to use antibiotics in any child with fever. 37% of parents believed that antibiotics could cure infections caused by viruses. 6.3% of parents declared that they put pressure on pediatricians to prescribe antibiotics. 85.6% of the parents stated th...