Dentofacial pattern of two Jewish ethnic groups compared with accepted norms (original) (raw)
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American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 1976
Dental casts of 99 Kurdish and 98 Yemenite Jewish children evenly distributed between the sexes, aged 12 years, were measured for mesiodistal and buccolingual tooth dimensions, and arch depth and width. Dental dimensions showed significant differences between the two groups in certain permanent teeth in mesiodistal length, while in the buccolingual diameter the differences did not reach statistical significance. Dentd arch form in Kurdish children was more rounded due to significantly bigger arch width, while arch depth was not significantly different from Yemenites. Intragroup sex differences were found in both groups with reference to arch dimensions, while in the dental parameters they were more strongly expressed in Kurdish children. I This study was supported in part by grant NIH-PL480, 06-012-1, No. 1. 8 Based on a thesis submitted to the Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the DMD degree.
Discriminatory Effectiveness of Crown Indexes—Tests Between American Blacks and Whites
Dental Anthropology Journal, 2018
In turn, differences in the number and size of cusps, cingular features, and other details of the crown influence tooth size (e.g., Kondo and Townsend, 2006). Conversely, tooth size is statistically and developmentally associated with crown complexity (e.g., Keene, 1968; Garn 1977). Researchers have traditionally focused on the maximum mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) diameters of teeth (Goose, 1963), though other dimensions may be at least as informative (Corruccini, 1979; Hillson et al., 2005). Aside from some Australian and Melanesian groups with very large tooth sizes, there are rather few obvious intergroup differences in crown dimensions, and this has dampened anthropologists' enthusiasm for collecting tooth size data (e.g., Lasker and Lee, 1957; Moorrees, 1957). The disinterest in odontometrics has been compounded by the slow growth of analytic methods that are tractable and actually address anthropological questions (see, e.g.,
Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie, 1978
Dental casts of 99 Kurdish and 98 Yemenite Jewish children evenly distributed between the sexes, aged 12 years, were measured for mesiodistal and buccolingual tooth dimensions, and arch depth and width. Dental dimensions showed significant differences between the two groups in certain permanent teeth in mesiodistal length, while in the buccolingual diameter the differences did not reach statistical significance. Dentd arch form in Kurdish children was more rounded due to significantly bigger arch width, while arch depth was not significantly different from Yemenites. Intragroup sex differences were found in both groups with reference to arch dimensions, while in the dental parameters they were more strongly expressed in Kurdish children. I This study was supported in part by grant NIH-PL480, 06-012-1, No. 1. 8 Based on a thesis submitted to the Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the DMD degree.
Inter-Ethnic and Demic-Group Variations in Craniofacial Anthropometry: A Review
2019
Craniofacial anthropometry plays an important role in facial structure. This review paper evaluates existing research surrounding population norms of studied facial parameters. The purpose is two-fold: (1) to determine variations in facial measurements due to demi-group or ethnic variations based on traditional (direct) caliper based and image based (indirect) anthropometric methods. (2) to compare where possible, measured facial parameters between referenced studies. Inter and intra-population variations in addition to sexual dimorphism of facial parameters such as the nose and eyes, singularly or in combination with one another, have been concluded. Ocular measurements have exhibited ethnic variations between males and females of the Saudi, Turkish, Egyptian and Iranian group. Moreover, demic variations are reported when the native language has been used a key criterion. It has been concluded that with the current state of migration and inter-demic marriages, the study of homogeno...
Comparison of Chinese and white Bolton standards at age 13
Objectives: To create a combined male-female Chinese Bolton standard for age 13 and to compare it to the combined Bolton standard for white 13 year olds. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two Chinese and 32 white subjects (16 adolescent boys and 16 adolescent girls aged 13 years in each ethnic group) who fulfilled the selection criteria used to create the original Bolton standards were enrolled. Their cephalograms were traced and then averaged two at a time following the Bolton method. In addition to creating the template from the 32 subjects in each group, 43 linear and angular variables were measured and compared between the two ethnic groups and between the two sexes in each ethnic group using independent t-tests. A P value of .05 was used to assign statistical significance. The male-female combined templates for 13 year olds were also compared superimposing either in the Bolton relation or by soft tissue. Results: No sexual dimorphism was found in the white subjects, whereas the Chinese girls had decreased upper face height (Na-ANS), more protrusive incisors (SNA-U1), and shorter cranial base (Ba-Na) and posterior cranial base (S-Ba) compared with the Chinese boys. In terms of ethnic comparison, the Chinese subjects presented shorter sagittal facial dimensions, a clockwise rotated mandible with a more acute gonial angle, and a convex facial profile with a less prominent nose and chin. However, overall vertical dimensions were similar. Conclusions: A 13-year-old combined male-female Chinese Bolton standard was created that demonstrated visually and with metric comparisons that Chinese and white clinically normal subjects have different craniofacial characteristics. These differences should be taken into consideration when an individualized orthodontic treatment plan is developed. (Angle Orthod. 2013;83:809–816.)
Assessment of Cephalic and Facial Indices: A proof for Ethnic and Sexual Dimorphism
Journal of Forensic Science & Criminology, 2015
Cephalofacial measurements and indices are used to estimate sex and race. The aim of this is to document the craniofacial characteristics and sex differences from cephalic index and facial index of the studied groups. Maximum head length, maximum head width, morphological facial length and morphological facial width were determined for 901 Gujarati (676 male, 225 female) and 300 Non-Gujarati (100 male, 100 female) of Gujarat, India. The standard deviation of cephalic and facial index of Gujarati is 5.3345 and 6.0040 and of Non-Gujarati is 7.3472 and 6.0525 respectively. The mean cephalic index and facial index in study were 77.20 and 75.19 respectively in Gujarati and 74.13 and 75.17 respectively in Non-Gujarati. According to the cephalic index Gujarati subjects (40.2% males, 42.7% females) mainly belongs to mesocephalic and dolicocephalic and Non-Gujarati subjects belongs to dolicocephalic (80% males) and brachycephalic (30% females). According to the total facial index both the studied groups are mainly distributed into hypereuryprosopic followed by euryprosopic types of the face.
Correlation between maxillary central incisor form and face form in 4 racial groups
2006
Selecting and arranging artificial teeth for edentulous patients is difficult when preextraction records are not available. Errors at this stage can often result in patient rejection of otherwise well-constructed, comfortable, and efficient dentures. 1-5 In an effort to solve this problem, various esthetic guidelines have been suggested for selecting artificial teeth for edentulous patients. Williams 6 suggested that a correlation existed between the upside-down facial form and the form of the maxillary central incisors. The dental outlines of the incisors were classified into 3 categories: tapered, ovoid, and square. It was called the "law of harmony." Some investigators propose additional combinations for the central incisor form, such as square tapering, square ovoid, square ovoid tapering, 2 etc.
Cephalometric Norms of Erbil Kurdish Adults
PolyTechnic, 2020
Ethical group might have differential skeletal forms, thus cephalometric analysis and orthodontic material have been developed for specific ethnic groups which might be different for Kurdish Ethics. Objectives: This study is to determine the cephalometric norms of an Erbil Kurdish population according to Steiner analysis, who attend to Tishk Hospital/Diagnosis Department Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 48 lateral cephalograms of adult orthodontic subjects between 20 and 29 years with normal occlusion, and with no previous orthodontic treatment were evaluated. Lateral cephalograms were traced and analyzed based on Steiner's cephalometric parameters. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Differences between Erbil Kurdish and Steiner's norms were analyzed using one-sample t-test (P < 0.05). Results: The SNA, ML-NSL (Mandibular Line to NS line), U1-NA (both angular and linear measurements), interincisal angle, L1-NB (angular only), Pog-NB, L1-Pog//NB, Ls-SL, and Li-SL values were significantly different between the Erbil Kurdish population and Steiner's norms (P < 0.05). No significant differences existed in Occl-SN (occlusal plane to SN) and L1-Nb (linear only), SNB, and ANB between the Erbil Kurdish population and the Steiner's norms (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Cephalometric norms for Erbil Kurdish adults are different from those of Steiner's norms. The norms obtained in our study can be used for orthodontic treatments and orthognathic surgeries in Erbil Kurdish population.
Dentofacial Transverse Dimensions in Palestinian Adults
Objectives: To determine the posteroanterior cephalometric norms in Palestinian adults, and to compare the Palestinian norms with the norms of other ethnic groups. Materials and Methods: PA cephalometric radiographs for 70 Palestinian adults aged between 17-23 years were selected on the basis of Class I molar relationship, good facial symmetry, and no history of previous orthodontic treatment. Fourteen transverse linear measurements, including 10 skeletal measurements and 4 dental measurements, were determined on each radiograph. Results: Dentofacial transverse dimensions in Palestinian adults were generally similar to Rocky crease in Palestinian men compared to women except for the inter-`orbital distance. Regarding dental transverse measurements, both maxillary and mandibular inter-molar widths increased were nearly similar in both genders. Conclusion: These posteroanterior cephalometric norms are recommended to be used when formulating a treatment plan for this particular ethnic group.