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Introduction to Nanotechnology - Charles P. Poole Jr & Frank J. Owens
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International seminar on Nanoscience and Technology-conference proceedings
2016
The development of an organic-inorganic based membranes emerges because of its good film forming capabilities and enhanced electrochemical properties. Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/ γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTEOS) with the heteropoly acid Silicotungstic acid (STA) hybrid membranes were prepared by solvent casting technique. Incorporation of STA and APTEOS in the PVA matrix and its structural analyzation was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The uniform distribution of STA and APTEOS were indicated by the broadening of peaks in the complexes. The dielectric behavior such as dielectric loss, dielectric constant and tangent loss were studied for the prepared proton exchange membranes using electrochemical impedance technique.
Emerging Multifunctional Nanostructures
Journal of Nanomaterials, 2009
Asymmetric inorganic/organic composite nanoparticles with anisotropic surface functionalities represent a new approach for creating smart materials, requiring the selective introduction of chemical groups to dual components of composite, respectively. Here, we report the synthesis of snowman-like asymmetric silica/polystyrene heterostructure with anisotropic functionalities via a chemical method, creating nanostructure possibly offering two-sided biologic accessibility through the chemical groups. Carboxyl group was introduced to polystyrene component of the snowman-like composites by miniemulsion polymerization of monomer on local surface of silica particles. Moreover, amino group was then grafted to remained silica surface through facile surface modification of the composite nanoparticles. The asymmetric shape of these composites was confirmed by TEM characterization. Moreover, characteristics of anisotropic surface functionalities were indicated by Zeta potential measurement and confocal laser microscopy after being labeled with fluorescent dyes. This structure could find potential use as carriers for biological applications.
2014
γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane Carboxylated SWCNTs Amino acids Atomic force microscopy α,α'-azobisisbutyronitrile Gold naoparticles Background Electrolyte Sodium tetraborate anhydrous Carboxylated SWCNTs Contactless conductivity detector Circular dichroism Capillary Electrophoresis Capillary electrochromatography Capillary gel electrophoresis Capillary isoelectric focusing Capillary isotachophoresis Catecholamines Catechol-O-methyltransferases Carbon nanotubes Condensation nucleation light scattering detection Chemical vapor deposition Cysteine Capillary zone electrophoresis Dopamine Diode array detector Dynamic light scattering Deoxyribonucleic acid Divinylbenzene Capillary electrochromatography Ethylene-glicol dimethacrylate Electrochemical detection Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Evaporative light scattering detector Electroosmotic Flow Electrospray ionisation Aim 8 separation of NPs, particularly, gold NPs (AuNPs). (2) Design and development of new analytical methodologies based on NPs for the improvement of (bio)chemical measurement processes, i.e., the use of NPs as an analytical tool. Within this specific objective also aims to develop novel strategies for functionalization of NPs (particularly magnetic and gold NPs), to establish specific or selective interactions with the analyte of interest. Therefore, the need to resort to other less favorable alternatives is also avoided. * * NPs State of NPs Techniques Analytes Ref CNT Bonded GC Racemates [45] Fullerene Coated GC Aromatic hydrocarbons [46] AuNPs Coated GC Benzene, etc. [47] Silica Packed GC Alkanes, alcohols, etc [48] CNT Bonded HPLC Cellulose trisphenylcarbamate [49] Fullerene Packed HPLC Organic molecules [50] AuNPs Coated HPLC Peptides [51] Silica Packed HPLC-[52] CNT Coated CE Flavonoids and phenolic acids [53] Fullerene Coated CE Ephedrines [54] AuNPs Capped CE Dopamine, etc. [55] Silica Adsorbed CE Proteins [56] CNT Bonded CEC Tetracyclines [57] AuNPs Coated CEC FITC-labeled ephedrine, etc. [58] Silica Coated CEC Enantiomers [59] The use of MetNPs and CNTs in manufacturing the electrodescomposites (where they act as mediators), are dramatically increasing. The "new" electrodes are important because of their numerous advantages, including large surface area, low resistance to electronic transmission and the ability to absorb chemically (bio)chemical analytes, which make them very attractive and useful in the electrochemical classical determinations [60]. The roles that play the NPs in this field are the minimization of deterioration of the electrode surfaces, the increase of the electrocatalytic activity and the simplification immobilization process of biomolecules (such as enzymes,
Self-assembled BLMs: biomembrane models and biosensor applications
Supramolecular Science, 1997
In the last few years, there have been a number of research papers on self-assemblies of molecules as 'advanced' or 'smart' materials. The inspiration for this exciting research, without question, comes from the biological world, where, for example, the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane is the most important self-assembling system. Although the first report on self-assembled bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) in vitro was published in 1962, interface science, including surface and colloid science, has been dealing with these interfacial self-assemblies of amphiphilic molecules since Robert Hooke's time 1(1672). BLMs have been used in a number of applications, ranging from basic membrane biophysics studies to the conversion of solar energy via water photolysis, and to biosensor development using supported bilayer lipid membranes (s-BLMs and sb-BLMs). This paper briefly summarizes the past research on the use of BLMs as models of biological membranes and describes some details of our current work on supported BLMs as practical biosensors. Additionally, experiments carried out in close collaboration with others on s-BLMs and sb-BLMs are presented.
Engineering Applications of Nanotechnology
Topics in mining, metallurgy and materials engineering, 2017
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Review of Nanotechnology Applications in Science and Engineering
Nanotechnology is helping to considerably improve, even revolutionize, many technology and industry sectors: information technology, energy, environmental science, medicine, homeland security, food safety, and transportation, among many others. Today's nanotechnology harnesses current progress in chemistry, physics, materials science, and biotechnology to create novel materials that have unique properties because their structures are determined on the nanometer scale. This paper summarizes the various applications of nanotechnology in recent decades.
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY-NC Survey on Nanotechnology
International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (ijasre), 2019
Nanotechnology is a field where scientific knowledge and ideas emanating from the sub-atomic, atomic and molecular levels are applied in the manufacture of new and smart materials. Nanotechnology makes use of the novel properties exhibited by materials in the nanoscale. Nanocrystalline materials have microscopic grain sizes of up to 100 nm with remarkably distinct optical, electrical, chemical, mechanical properties different from those of bulk materials. Nanoparticles can be used to develop materials with unique properties since the number of atoms on the surface of a particle in the nanoscale is comparable to that inside the particle. Hence in order to meet the advanced technological demands in the areas such as electronics, catalysis, ceramics, magnetic data storage, structural components etc., it is important to make use of materials in the nanometer scale. Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field of science which encompasses researchers and scientists from the areas of biology, chemistry, engineering, materials science and physics. This technology provides the basis for research and manufacture of materials in the 21st century. In addition, this interdisciplinary technology will provide a strong platform for the growth of pharmaceutical industry, medical diagnosis, materials industry and the overall economy of the country which will eventually enhance creation of job opportunities, food security, good health and affordable housing in line with the government's "big four" agenda. It promises improved efficiency in ICT equipment used in computing, data storage (chips) and communications (fibre optics). It can be used to develop renewable energy sources such as solar cells and panels. It can also be utilized to synthesize filters that can be used to get rid of pollutants; contaminants, harmful salts and viruses in water and sewerage systems and for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases including cancer and to restore damaged human organs or tissues using engineered tissue.