Physico-chemical and Biological Evaluation of the Quality of Surface Water in the Wadi El-Melha Watershed (North-East Algeria) (original) (raw)
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2019
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Water Quality of the Plain of El-Hadjar Wilaya of Annaba (Northeast Algeria)
Energy Procedia, 2015
The region of El-Hadjar is known for its diversity of industries that stretch of the steel industry to the food and materials processing. Industrial and domestic waste is channeled into streams Oued Seybouse is its major tributary Oued Meboudja, both flanked with major industrial areas. Pollution of surface and groundwater has become a particular problem of interest for health and environmental conservation. This study aims to physico-chemical characterization of waters in this area using 11 sampling points covering the entire area of a spread on rivers and plains of El Hajar). The results are expressed in terms of concentrations of the various pollutants such as nitrate, nitrite and chloride in a first step. The physico-chemical parameters were recorded over a period of seven months during 2009 and relate to salinity, conductivity, pH, Eh ... It was found that the region is moderately polluted following the accepted standards. The data are correlated with industrial and agricultural activity in the region. The study is in the process of being completed by a water quality map of the entire region with the concentrations of hydrocarbons and heavy metals. The evolution of these parameters will develop a policy for the preservation of the environment that is needed in these times.
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The present study was aimed to assess the surface water pollution sources in a semiarid region of Algeria by characterizing the physicochemical quality of the water of the main Wadis of the El Hodna watershed and determining the water quality index according to the uses of drinking water, irrigation, and aquatic life. This index is calculated in purpose to communicate information on the water quality for concerned citizens and policymakers. The calculated WQI values of the studied Wadis were higher than 100, which indicates that the waters of the El Hodna watershed are unfit for human consumption, irrigation, and aquatic life. The obtained results have shown that different types of pollution (industrial, domestic and agricultural) affect the waters of the El Hodna watershed, which lead to degrade the water quality of this aquatic ecosystem and consequently its biodiversity and public health.
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Assessment of the Physicochemical Quality of Water in the River Oum Er-Rbia-Morocco
This study is based on samples taken during the periods January, June, November of the year 2014 and the month of March of the year 20015 at the surface water level of the Oued in different stations along a section extending from the dike of sidi daoui to the mouth of the estuary. These samples were analyzed using the water quality assessment techniques described by Rodier (2009) and the recommendations of the World Health Organization. This study concerns the analysis of physico-chemical parameters (T °, pH, electrical conductivity, PO 4 3-, Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , SO 4 2-, Cl-, NO 2-and NO 3-). The results of the analyzes show that the waters of this watercourse are divided into two groups, the first including stations S1 and S2 characterized by low natural mineralization and concentrations below WHO recommended standards (WHO, 1984) And Moroccan norms (MATEE, 2002) of the various parameters generally indicating that the waters of this watercourse are of a good quality..On the second ring, the rest of the stations are characterized by mineralization and grades Of the various very important parameters and exceed the limit values set by the Moroccan standards for water intended for irrigation.
Réghaïa town, located in Algiers (North of Algeria), presents a strong anthropogenic activity. The aim of this study is to assess water quality in Réghaïa lake basin by determining current status, temporal evolution and apportionment of pollution sources. Three samplings were carried out in fourteen stations covering the lake and its principal tributaries. Sixteen physical-chemical parameters and three microbiological parameters were analyzed. Surface Water Quality Evaluation System (SW-QES) was used to visualize the temporal evolution of available data from 1978 to 2017. Water quality index (WQI) was used to assess the global water quality for irrigation purpose and its spatial variation across the basin. Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) international classification and trophic state index (TSI) were used to evaluate trophic category of the lake. Organic pollution index (OPI) and microbiological quality index (MQI) were used to establish pollution maps of the study area. The lake presents excessive pollution since the 1970s. BOD5/COD ratio (0.1) recorded in 2017 indicates a very low biodegradability of Réghaïa lake waters. The value of Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment-water quality index (CCME-WQI) (14.31) indicates poor water quality. The values of Weighted arithmetic-water quality index (WA-WQI) are extremely high (>4000) which indicates unsuitable water quality for irrigation purpose. Hypertrophic nature of the Réghaïa lake was identified (TSI > 80) and confirmed by the OECD classification. Spatial distribution of pollution indicators shows that Réghaïa river and ElBiar river are the most important pollution sources. Calculations of WA-WQI with and without Coliforms indicate that Réghaïa river is the most important microbial pollution source. A slight decrease in organic pollution and remarkable improvement in microbiological quality was observed at the outlet of the lake. According to these results, sewage discharged without or with insufficient treatment is the main pollution source of the Réghaïa lake which has been a receiving environment for many years and continues to be polluted today and tomorrow If we do not react effectively by stopping the pollution sources.
Easily accessible surface waters remain very fragile and very vulnerable to various types of pollution. Chellif, Macta and Tafna Basins are considered as the main water resources feeding the North West of Algeria; however, protection and conservation of these water resources become the major concern of the researchers. The evaluation system of the water quality is based on the measure of physic-chemical parameters of the surface water according to the uses of water for drink, industry or agriculture. In this work we have to proceed to an application of this system to the surface waters on the three basins. Physic-chemical analyses are used for a period of three years (2012-2014) and several points chosen on the three catchments are taken into account. In this paper we shall apply the quality index calculation method for the Water Quality Evaluation system (WQES) and the follow-up of the impacts of the anthropologic activities on the natural environment The main results are the validation of the WQES method for different type of pollution as mineral, organic, heavy metals in the West of Algeria, this methodology give us possibility for better investigation of the water pollution.
Effect of physicochemical and microbiological parameters on the water quality of wadi Zegzel
Materials Today: Proceedings, 2019
Wadi Zegzel is a mountain stream inside a site of ecological and biological interest (SIBE) in the Northeast of Morocco. The impact of various anthropogenic activities (agricultural, tourism ...) was obvious. It is suggested that surveillance of Wadi Zegzel is necessary for the proper management and preservation of this heritage. Normed Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to standardize the data to evaluate correlations between physicochemical variables (T ° C, pH, BOD5, COD, NH 4 ...) and microbiological variables (FTMA, TC, FC, EC, SF ...) and their spatiotemporal structure (the spatial effect and the seasonal effect).The upstream Zegzel is characterized by a gradient of mineralization in winter and it's downstream by a gradient of faecal pollution during the summer. The waters of the WadiZegzel are below the limit of Moroccan standards for the quality of surface water and water intended for irrigation. Therefore, they are considered of good quality for agricultural uses.
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In order to explore the complex interrelations among the factors and processes that determine a rivers’ hydrochemical and biological quality, statistical techniques were applied to a variety of hydrochemical, petrologic, biological, habitat, hydrological and morphologic data from 16 sites of the upper-part of the Aliakmon river. Catchment morphology and geology control both, aquatic and biological quality, the latter is mainly governed by substrate composition. The principal processes that control aquatic quality are: a) baseflow contribution in river flow b) in-stream biological activity and pollution c) weathering of mafic silicates. Using a Nutrient Pollution Metric (which has been developed), a hydrochemical quality classification has been performed. Furthermore, a methodology, based on benthic macroinvertebrates and aquatic quality, for the assessment of the ecological quality of running waters is presented.