Evaluation of serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in breast cancer patients (original) (raw)
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Possible association ofVascular Endothelial Growth Factor with grades of Breast cancer
New Iraqi Journal of Medicine
Background: This study aimed to assess the significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its possible correlation with tumor grade in female patients htiw breast cancer. Subjects and Methods: The present investigation was performed over a period from December 2011 to June 2012. A collection of 20 paraffin-embedded blocks from patients with breast cancer were included in current study. In addition to 15 paraffin-embedded blocks from patients with benign breast lesions (fibroadenoma) were included as a comparative group. Slides from both groups were stained with VEGF by immunohistochemistry. Results: The expression of VEGF was considered as positive in (16 patients) 80%. While VEGF overexpression of the marker has been noticed in benign breast tissue sections in only 2 patients (13%), with significant difference from that of malignant patients (P<0.05). There was a negative association between VEGF the grade of tumor (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based upon the findings ...
The International Journal of Biological Markers, 2004
VEGF is a specific mitogen and survival factor for endothelial cells and a key promoter of angiogenesis in physiological and pathological conditions. Nevertheless, VEGF tissue evaluation in cancer patients as a prognostic factor compared to the conventional histological and biological parameters is still controversial. In this case-control study, tissue VEGF was retrospectively determined by immunohistochemistry and related to T, N, ER, PgR, c-erbB-2, p53, MIB-1 and cyclin D1 in 129 breast cancer patients. Seventy-four of these patients had developed distant metastases postoperatively. The remaining 55 patients had remained disease-free >10 years after surgery. In 17 (13%) of the 129 patients (six with distant metastases and eleven disease-free) tissue and plasma VEGF were concomitantly evaluated. In univariate analysis no significant differences in VEGF and tumor size were found between metastatic and disease-free patients, whereas there were significant differences in N, ER, PgR, c-erbB-2, p53, MIB-1 and cyclin D1 (p ranging from 0.001 to 0.0001). In multivariate analysis VEGF showed less significance than N, ER, c-erbB-2, MIB-1 and cyclin D1 (p=0.012, p=0.007, p=0.005, p=0.005, p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively). VEGF was a significant unfavorable prognostic indicator only in the N+ subset (p=0.015), while ER (p=0.05 and p=0.021) and MIB-1 (p=0.031 and p=0.022) were significant in both the N+ and N-subgroups. In multivariate analysis in the 74 metastatic cases VEGF did not show any significance in relation to disease-free interval and overall survival from the time of mastectomy and from the time of relapse, whereas N and PgR did (p ranging from 0.018 to 0.001). In conclusion, tissue VEGF does not seem a suitable candidate to replace conventional histological and other common biological prognostic factors in breast cancer.
Cancer Research
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenic factor, has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis in primary breast cancer and in several other cancer types. In the present study, we have measured with ELISA the levels of VEGF in cytosolic extracts of 845 primary breast tumors of patients who developed a recurrence during follow-up. All of the patients received tamoxifen (n ؍ 618) or cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil (CMF) or 5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide (FAC) chemotherapy (n ؍ 227) as first-line systemic therapy after diagnosis of advanced disease. VEGF levels were not related to age or menopausal status but were negatively related to the cytosolic levels of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (P < 0.0001). In patients who relapsed within 1 year after primary surgery, tumor VEGF levels were higher than in patients who showed a longer disease-free interval (P ؍ 0.0005). In patients with a first relapse in the viscera, VEGF levels were higher compared with those that relapsed to the bone or soft tissue (P ؍ 0.0004). In univariate analysis for response to first-line tamoxifen therapy, patients with high or intermediate levels showed a poor rate of response, compared with patients with low tumor-VEGF levels (P ؍ 0.0001). Similarly, in multivariate analysis for response to tamoxifen treatment, corrected for age, site of relapse, disease-free interval, and estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status, VEGF status was an independent predictive factor (P ؍ 0.009). In concordance, higher levels of VEGF were associated with a short progression-free survival and postrelapse overall survival (both, P < 0.0001). On first-line chemotherapy, the rate of response decreased with higher tumor levels of VEGF, both in univariate (P ؍ 0.003) and in multivariate analysis (P ؍ 0.004). Furthermore, higher VEGF levels were associated with a short progression-free survival (P ؍ 0.003) and postrelapse overall survival (P ؍ 0.001). In conclusion, the tumor VEGF level is an important independent marker that predicts a poor efficacy of both tamoxifen and chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer. Knowledge of the tumor level of VEGF might be helpful in selecting individual patients who may benefit from treatments with antiangiogenic agents combined with conventionally used drugs.
Vascular endothelial growth factor –A (VEGF-A) expression as a prognostic factor in breast cancer
IP innovative publication pvt ltd, 2020
Objective: To assess the expression of VEGF-A in breast cancer patient and to find an association between VEGF- A overexpression and the clinicopathologic features. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted from January 2010 through 2016. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks from 64 patients with breast cancer were included in this study. S treptavidinbiotin method was employed for immunohistochemical detection of VEGF. Results: The detection rate of VEGF was 93.5%. There was a significant difference in the immunoexpression of VEGF A between the different histological types of carcinoma. However, no significant differen ces were noted among age groups, tumor sizes, perineural invasion and overall survival. Conclusion: In our study, VEGF overexpression was positiv ely associated with only the histological type of breast cancer. Further studies involving patients with advanced diseases are required to establish an association between the VEGF-A over expression and survival outcomes and to use it as a prognostic biomarker.
International Journal of Cancer, 1997
Studies have shown that microvessel density influences breast-cancer prognosis. Since tumor angiogenesis is considered to be substantially affected by the excretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from tumor cells, we examined whether VEGF concentration is different in malignant and in non-malignant breast tissue. It was also of interest to discover whether intratumoral VEGF concentration influences disease-free survival (DFS) of breast-cancer patients. Analysis is based on 120 tissue specimens taken from breast fibromas (n 5 23), normal epithelial breast tissue adjacent to fibromas (n 5 8) and invasive breast cancer (n 5 89). VEGF concentration was quantified by using an immunoassay. Microvessel density was determined by immunostaining for factor-VIII-related antigen. Median VEGF concentration is given in pg/mg protein (25%-quantile-75%-quantile) and it was 0 (0-1.8) in normal breast tissue, 9.8 (0.52-43.0) in fibromas and 130.4 (50.8-362.2) in invasive carcinomas. A univariate Cox model revealed that node status, tumor size, estrogen-receptor concentration, histological grading and microvessel density were prognostic factors for disease-free survival in breast cancer. We found a significant correlation between VEGF concentration and microvessel count, but VEGF concentration did not significantly influence diseasefree survival. Although VEGF protein was found at a significantly higher concentration in malignant than in nonmalignant tissue, determination of intratumoral VEGF protein by an enzyme immunoassay was not prognostically relevant in our patient population. Int. J. Cancer 74:455-458, 1997.
The Determination of VEGF and MVD, among Patients with Primary Breast Cancer
Pathology & Oncology Research, 2008
The purpose of the study was to ascertain the value of assessment of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and microvessel density, and to search for correlations between them, in women with breast cancer. The assessment considered factors such as the stage of clinical disease advancement-according to International Union Against Cancer, the grade of histological malignancy, status of axillary lymph nodes and the size of the primary tumour. The concentration of VEGF was assessed in the plasma of 103 women with breast cancer, using an immunoenzymatic method (Quantikine test of R&D Systems). Assessment of microvessel density was performed using histopathological immunoperoxidase methods, using an anti-von Willebrand factor antibody (DAKO A/S). A statistically significant relationship was found between rising VEGF levels and microvessel density in women with breast cancer, when compared to values from a control group. A correlation was found between VEGF concentration and microvessel density (MVD) values. Statistically significant differences were found between VEGF levels of patients in stages I, II and III of clinical disease advancement.
Cancer research, 2001
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenic factor, has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis in primary breast cancer and in several other cancer types. In the present study, we have measured with ELISA the levels of VEGF in cytosolic extracts of 845 primary breast tumors of patients who developed a recurrence during follow-up. All of the patients received tamoxifen (n = 618) or cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil (CMF) or 5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide (FAC) chemotherapy (n = 227) as first-line systemic therapy after diagnosis of advanced disease. VEGF levels were not related to age or menopausal status but were negatively related to the cytosolic levels of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (P < 0.0001). In patients who relapsed within 1 year after primary surgery, tumor VEGF levels were higher than in patients who showed a longer disease-free interval (P = 0.0005). In patients with a first relapse in the visc...
Cancer research, 2000
The assessment of angiogenesis in breast cancer is of importance as a key indicator of survival and response to therapy. Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) measurements may provide a less subjective analysis than microvessel density (MVD) or immunohistochemical analysis of VEGF expression; however, most studies have used serum, which is now known to largely reflect platelet-derived VEGF concentrations. This study examined for the first time both plasma (VEGFp) and serum (VEGFs) VEGF concentrations in 201 blood samples from pre- and postmenopausal healthy controls and from patients with benign breast disease, localized breast cancer, breast cancer in remission, or metastatic breast cancer and related these to other clinicopathological markers. VEGFp but not VEGFs concentrations of patients with localized disease were significantly elevated compared with normal controls (P = 0.016). Patients with metastatic disease had higher VEGFp and VEGFs levels than normal contr...
Serum VEGF levels in women with a benign breast tumor or breast cancer
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 1999
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important regulator of angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Many types of malignant human tumors have been shown to produce VEGF. Recently, increased serum concentrations of VEGF (S-VEGF) have been reported in patients with various types of cancer, and high S-VEGF levels have also been associated with unfavorable prognosis. We have now measured S-VEGF in sera taken from 105 patients with a benign breast tumor or breast cancer. None of the women with a benign breast tumor had S-VEGF higher than 328 pg/ml (median, 57 pg/ml) whereas S-VEGF levels in metastatic breast cancer ranged from 7 to 1347 pg/ml (median, 186 pg/ml; P = 0.0018), and in locoregional breast cancer from 11 to 539 pg/ml (median, 104 pg/ml; P = 0.13). S-VEGF was higher in patients with locoregional ductal cancer (median, 107 pg/ml) than in those with locoregional lobular cancer (median, 44 pg/ml; P = 0.029) or in patients with benign breast tumor (median, 57 pg/ml; P = 0.033). Patients with metastatic cancer undergoing therapy had lower S-VEGF than those who had symptomatic treatment only (P = 0.021). The results indicate that dissemination of breast cancer may be accompanied by an elevation of circulating VEGF and that primary ductal cancers are associated with higher S-VEGF levels than lobular cancers or benign breast lesions.
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research
Background: The management of breast carcinoma depends on several molecular markers and tumor stages. In the last decades, estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and HER-2/neu have shown good therapeutic responses. Among other molecular markers, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is becoming more widely used as a prognostic indicator in patients with breast carcinoma. Anti-VEGF therapy already has been proven as an effective chemotherapeutic agent in some other carcinomas. The study aimed to find out the immunohistochemical expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in breast carcinoma and its possible correlation with the expression of ER, PR, and HER-2/neu and molecular subtypes to evaluate its prognostic value. Material & Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, from March 2018 to January 2020. In this study, 45 diagnosed cases of breast carcinoma were enrolled. Slides of all cases were st...