Angiotensin 1 Converting Enzyme Encoding Gene Polymorphism in Renal Patients (original) (raw)
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2018
Published by Oriental Scientific Publishing Company © 2018 This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ ), which permits unrestricted Non Commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Evaluation of G2350A Polymorphism of the AngiotensinConverting Enzyme (ACE) Gene in Chronic Kidney Disease
POLYMORPHISM OF ANGIOTENSIN I CONVERTING ENZYME BECOMES AN INNATE PROPERTY IN RENAL FAILURE
International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 2010
Renal failure or kidney failure is a situation in which the kidneys fail to function adequately. Angiotensin converting enzyme plays a pivotal role in blood pressure regulation and electrolyte balance by hydrolyzing angiotensin I to angiotensin II. The Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) gene contains a polymorphism which is believed to be associated with the interpersonal variability of ACE levels in circulating blood. Elevated angiotensin II level makes deleterious effects on renal hemodynamics and induces the expression of other growth factors, leading to glomerulosclerosis. This paper attempts to find the association of ACE polymorphism with renal failure using Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA technique arriving to the major conclusion that ACE polymorphism is an innate property in End Stage Renal Failure (ESRF) and ACE screening would be a valuable diagnostic tool in screening clinical ESRF.
Background: Hypertension is one of the important contributing factors linked with both causation and development of kidney disease. It is a multifactorial, polygenic, and complex disorder due to interaction of several risk genes with environmental factors. The present study was aimed to explore genetic polymorphism in ACE-1 gene as a risk factor for CKD among hypertensive patients. Methods: Three hundred patients were enrolled in the study. Ninety were hypertensive patients with CKD taken as cases, whereas 210 hypertensive patients without CKD were taken as controls. Demographic data including age, sex, Body mass index (BMI), and other risk factors were also recorded. DNA was extracted from blood by salting out method. Genotyping of ACE gene was done by PCR technique. All the statistical analysis was done by using Epi Info and SPSS version 16 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Results: Mean age was higher in the control group (p < 0.05). Variables among two groups were compared out of which age, BMI, hemoglobin (Hb) was found to be statistically significant whereas other variables like systolic blood pressure, trigly-ceride and low-density lipoprotein were not. Blood urea and serum creatinine levels were statistically significant in the two genotypes (p < 0.05). Total and HDL cholesterol were statistically significant for DD genotype of ACE gene (OR ¼ 1.42, 95% CI ¼ 0.72–2.81). Similarly, the risk for CKD among hypertensive patients was also associated with D allele of ACE gene (OR ¼ 1.25, 95% CI ¼ 0.86–1.79). Conclusion: It is concluded that ACE-DD genotype may be a risk factor for the causation and development of chronic kidney failure among hypertensive patients.
Genes
The association between angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphisms and plasma ACE levels may allow for the optimization of a preventive intervention to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. In this study, we aimed to analyze the association between ACE I/D polymorphism and cardiovascular mortality risk among non-hemodialyzed chronic kidney disease patients. This cross-sectional study examined 70 patients of Javanese ethnic origin with stable CKD who did not receive hemodialysis. ACE I/D polymorphisms, plasma ACE levels, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, and cardiovascular mortality risk were investigated. As per our findings, the I allele was found to be more frequent (78.6) than the D allele (21.4), and the DD genotype was less frequent than the II genotype (4.3 vs. 61.4). The ACE I/D polymorphism had a significant direct positive effect on plasma ACE levels (path coefficient = ...
Medicinski podmladak
Since the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) was originally described, it has become one of the best described hormonal systems, especially regarding the fact that it plays an important role in regulating blood volume and systemic vascular resistance, and thus indirectly influencing blood pressure (BP). On the other hand, arterial hypertension is one of the most pertinent disorders which plays an important role, not only in the progression of renal failure, but also represents a risk factor for the occurrence of end stage renal disease. Several epidemiological studies pointed out the fact that genetic predisposition accounts for about 30% of the BP variability. Up to date, there are several RAAS genes that may have effect in long-term BP control, but ACE is the most important and the most thoroughly examined. In this review, we present available data regarding the influence of gene polymorphisms of ACE on its function, within the RAAS related BP regulation. Therefore, by specially describing all its potential physiological roles, it will likely offer a new insight in the renal regulation of the BP, along with its other, not less important, roles.
Biomedical Research and Therapy
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is progressive kidney damage in which the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases by 15% of that performed by normal kidneys, with the result that the kidneys are no longer to function effectively and this condition is treated with either kidney transplantation or dialysis. Hemodialysis (HD) is a process in which the blood passes through a machine (dialyzer) to remove waste. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) is one of the major components of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) that is responsible for blood pressure regulation. Insertion/Deletion I/D polymorphism of a 287 bp Alu repeat sequence in introns 16 of the ACE gene results in three genotypes I/D, D/D and I/I. The aims of this study were to evaluate ACE genotypes and allele frequency among HD patients and control subjects and to examine the association between ACE genotypes with HD risk. Methods: A retrospective case-control study included 186 subjects, 86 HD patients ...
Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, 2011
Introduction: Insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms found in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene have been associated with hypertension, diabetes and renal disease. The present study sought to determine the association of I/D polymorphisms of the ACE gene with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in Malaysia. Materials and methods: A total of 380 subjects were recruited to determine the genotypes of I/D polymorphisms of the ACE gene. Genotyping was performed using a PCR method. Statistical analyses were carried out using statistical software, and a level of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The frequencies for II, ID and DD genotypes of the ACE gene were 24.7%, 65.80% and 9.47%, respectively, in ESRD patients, and in control subjects were 45.26%, 47.37% and 7.37% respectively. The frequency for the D allele was found to be higher (42.40%) in ESRD patients compared to control subjects (31.05%). The genotypic and allelic frequencies of I/D polymorphisms of the ACE gene differed significantly (p < 0.05) between ESRD patients and control subjects in the Malaysian population. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that I/D polymorphisms of the ACE gene are a useful marker and are likely to play a major role in determining genetic susceptibility to ESRD in the Malaysian population.
Polymorphisms in the gene encoding angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 and diabetic nephropathy
Diabetologia, 2005
Aims/hypothesis: Substantial evidence exists for the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic nephropathy. Angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a new component of the RAS, has been implicated in kidney disease, hypertension and cardiac function. Based on this, the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether variations in ACE2 are associated with diabetic nephropathy. Materials and methods: We used a cross-sectional, case-control study design to investigate 823 Finnish type 1 diabetic patients (365 with and 458 without nephropathy). Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using TaqMan technology. Haplotypes were estimated using PHASE software, and haplotype frequency differences were analysed using a χ 2 -test-based tool. Results: None of the ACE2 polymorphisms was associated with diabetic nephropathy, and this finding was supported by the haplotype analysis. The ACE2 polymorphisms were not associated with blood pressure, BMI or HbA 1 c. Conclusions/ interpretation: In Finnish type 1 diabetic patients, ACE2 polymorphisms are not associated with diabetic nephropathy or any studied risk factor for this complication. Further studies are necessary to assess a minor effect of ACE2.