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Sulphide Mineralisation Short Field Trip
Academia , 2024
On the April 4th the short one-day field trip took place, attended by our Chapter´s current and former members. The course was focused on sulphidic mineralization in the surroundings of Havlíčkův Brod. The first stop was geologically unique sulphide liquation deposit Staré Ransko, where massive pyrrhotite and sphalerite occurs partly in quartzites and partly in parent gabbros and other ultramafic rocks. The deposit was surveyed in past and underground mining took place here, too. Our guides at this site were Vojtěch Wertich (Czech Geological Survey, currently researching the deposit) and Karel D. Malý from the Aurum Global Exploration company (currently exploring the deposit). At the old mine dumps, we found several pieces of massive pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite. Next, we visited the Pohled quarry mined by Českomoravský štěrk (guides Kamila Botková, Pavel Klimeš and Martina Halatová-ČMŠ). The quarry is situated in gneisses and amphibolites hosting several
The Geology of Sea-Floor Massive Sulphides
In Deep Sea Minerals Sea Floor Massive Sulphides a Physical Biological Environmental and Technical Review 1a Ed By Baker E and Beaudoin Y Secretariat of the Pacific Community Noumea New Caledonia Pp 7 18, 2013
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2003
1978
We report here chemical analyses of sulfide and other minerals occurring in the massive sulfide deposit cored at Site 471. Details of the mineralogy and inferred paragenesis of the deposit will be reported elsewhere. The sulfide deposit at Site 471 occurs between overlying pelagic sediment and underlying basalt. The deposit is vertically zoned and consists, from top to bottom, of the following mineral assemblages: (1) pyrite, chalcopyrite, and Zn-sulfide in chert and calcite gangue (about 35 cm thick); (2) a 5-cm-thick metalliferous sediment layer described in detail by Leinen (this volume); and (3) a 4-cm-thick chert layer. The overlying sediment is a calcareous silty claystone that contains middle Miocene coccoliths (Bukry, this volume). The underlying basalt has been extensively chloritized and veined with calcite. In places feldspars are albitized, and calcite occurs as pseudomorphs after olivine. Relict textures suggest that the basalt grades into diabase and gabbro with increa...
Automated identification of sulphides from drill core imagery
2019
Quantification of mineral concentrations is crucial for planning efficient and economical ore extraction, metals processing and mine waste management (Berry et al., 2016). Several analytical methods are available to automatically identify minerals, including sulphides, e.g. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Laser Raman Spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). These methods operate at microscopic scales and require samples to be prepared prior to analysis, hence, they can be time consuming to carry out and problematic when scaled to represent mining ore and waste materials (Goodall et al., 2005; Berry et al., 2016).The use of visible and near infrared (VNIR), shortwave infrared (SWIR), and more recently thermal infrared (TIR) scanning systems for mineral identification are well established and offer rapid, cheap and non-destructive methods for characterising rock mineralogy drill core scales (Schodlok et al., 2016). Despite their advantages, VNIR (450-1100 nm), SWIR (1100–2500 nm)...
Froth flotation was developed at the Broken Hill mine, Australia, a century ago with the flo-tation of the common sulfide mineral, sphalerite. With this development, billions of tons of worthless rock containing a variety of valuable metals became ore. Anchoring this revolutionary development was the later introduction of xanthate as a collector for sulfide minerals. Probably more than any other aspect, xanthate entrenched froth flotation's role in the utilization of the world's natural mineral resources. Sulfide minerals are the largest of the groups of minerals floated. Today, more than a billion tons of sulfide ores are concentrated annually throughout the world with this technology. As a group, these minerals possess a number of unusual properties that are utilized in their flotation concentration. They are conductors of electrons, they develop a potential when placed into a solution, their surfaces are readily oxidized by dissolved oxygen, and their contained metals form insoluble collector compounds with short-chained collectors. These properties enable categorization of sulfide minerals. Chander (1985) has proposed categorizing them into two classes: reversible and irreversible (passivated) sulfides. In general, the properties of reversible sulfide systems can be predicted from thermodynamic considerations, and their potential response in aqueous solution can often be predicted by the Nernst equation. Minerals that fall into this category are galena, chalcocite, and sphalerite. In contrast, irreversible sulfides are often covered with products of oxidation-reduction reaction, and the properties of these systems require close scrutiny of time effects and the history of the mineral surface. Pyrite, chalcopyrite, and arsenopyrite are examples of minerals in this system. Some sulfide minerals (e.g., molybdenite) can be floated without collector addition in the presence of air, while others can be floated in the absence of a collector under conditions in which mild oxidation of the contained sulfide to elemental sulfur or polysulfide occurs. Each of these categories is discussed separately in this chapter.