Controlled Synthesis of Nanomaterials at the Undergraduate Laboratory: Cu(OH)2 and CuO Nanowires (original) (raw)
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Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009
We report the synthesis of different Cu(OH) 2 and CuO nanostructures (nanowires, rectangles, seedlike, beltlike, and sheetlike) in a solution phase with high yield at low cost by simple reduction of aqueous solution of copper nitrate (Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ) 0.2 M) with different alkaline solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH ) 0.1, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 M). The morphology of the synthesized nanostructures is significantly influenced by the feeding concentration of alkaline NaOH solution. Cu(OH) 2 rectangles and nanowires can be readily obtained by the reduction of Cu(NO 3 ) 2 solution with different molar concentrations of NaOH solution and the synthesized nanomaterials get transformed into different nanostructures of CuO by subsequent heat treatment at 80°C for half an hour. Well-defined rectangle-like structures of hydrated copper hydroxide Cu(OH) 2 · H 2 O and different CuO nanostructures, such as seedlike, beltlike, and sheetlike, were synthesized by thermal dehydration of corresponding different shaped and sized Cu(OH) 2 nanomaterials. The Raman spectra of different CuO nanomaterials obtained at different molar concentrations of NaOH (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1 M) were recorded in the region 1050-1300 cm -1 . A tentative mechanism has been given for the formation and transformation of different nanostructures.
Synthesis and characterization of CuO nanowires by a simple wet chemical method
Nanoscale Research Letters, 2012
We report a successful synthesis of copper oxide nanowires with an average diameter of 90 nm and lengths of several micrometers by using a simple and inexpensive wet chemical method. The CuO nanowires prepared via this method are advantageous for industrial applications which require mass production and low thermal budget technique. It is found that the concentration and the quantity of precursors are the critical factors for obtaining the desired one-dimensional morphology. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images indicate the influence of thioglycerol on the dispersity of the prepared CuO nanowires possibly due to the stabilization effect of the surface caused by the organic molecule thioglycerol. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum analysis, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and X-ray photoemission spectrum analysis confirm clearly the formation of a pure phase high-quality CuO with monoclinic crystal structure.
Synthesis and Characterization of CuO Nanowires
2006
Synthesis of copper oxide nanowires was done heating up copper wires in wet ambient air at 400 and 500degC. The existence of nanowires was confirmed by SEM images and EDX spectroscopy. Nanowires were not formed in nitrogen ambient. The diameters of synthesized nanowires are between 30 to 160 nm and lengths up to 39 mum. SEM image shows that CuO nanowires were formed on top of the oxide grains. Vapor-solid growth mechanism is also suggested for the growth of this nanowire.
Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 2010
CuO nanowires were successfully made through a simple wet chemical method at room temperature by immersing on copper sheets in a 4 M ammonia solution for 4 days and then subjecting it to heat treatment. Immersion time and heat treatment have an important effect on the length, diameter, and density of the CuO nanostructures. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated that the samples are composed of a single phase, CuO. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy studies showed that the wet-treated samples consisted of nanofiber-like structures of monoclinic CuO, while the heat-treated samples consisted of well-defined nanowires which also exhibited the monoclinic phase.
Formation of CuO nanowires on Cu foil
Chemical physics letters, 2004
Cupric oxide, CuO, has many interesting properties. It has a monoclinic crystal structure, and is a p-type semiconductor with a narrow band gap (1.2 eV) [1]. It is also a Mott insulator (3d transition metal monoxide), the electronic structures of which cannot be simply described within the ...
Applied Surface Science, 2016
Abstract In this article, we explore potential of Exploding Wire Technique (EWT) to synthesize the copper nanoparticles using the copper metal in a plate and wire geometry. Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of prepared material indicates presence of mixed phases of copper (Cu) and copper oxide (Cu2O). Agglomerates of copper and copper oxide comprised of ∼20 nm average size nanoparticles observed through high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Micro-Raman (μR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies of prepared nanoparticles reveal existence of additional minority CuO phase, not determined earlier through XRD and TEM analysis. μR investigations vividly reveal cubic Cu2O and monoclinic CuO phases based on the difference of space group symmetries. In good agreement with μRaman analysis, FTIR stretching modes corresponding to Cu2-O and Cu-O were also distinguished. Investigations of μR and FTIR vibrational modes are in accordance and affirm concurrence of CuO phases besides predominant Cu and Cu2O phase. Quantum confinement effects along with increase of band gaps for direct and indirect optical transitions of Cu/Cu2O/CuO nanoparticles are reflected through UV–vis (UV–vis) spectroscopy. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy spots the electronic levels of each phase and optical transitions processes occurring therein. Iterative X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) fitting of core level spectra of Cu (2p3/2) and O (1s), divulges presence of Cu2+ and Cu+ in the lattice with an interesting evidence of O deficiency in the lattice structure and surface adsorption. Magnetic analysis illustrates that the prepared nanomaterial demonstrates ferromagnetic behaviour at room temperature.
International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2015
A simple room-temperature solution-phase and efficient method for the selective preparation of nanostructured copper hydroxide (Cu(OH) 2 ), copper oxide (II) CuO or Cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) from a Cu 2+ solution was developed. Mono-disperse cubic Cu 2 O were obtained by sodium hydroxide addition to this solution in the presence of ethylene glycol (EG) while monoclinic CuO nanoparticles were obtained in the presence poly-ethylene glycol (PEG) as dispersant agent. By adjusting the amounts of EG, octahedron and truncated octahedron aggregates of copper oxide Bouzit et al.; IRJPAC, 8(3): 157-164, 2015; Article no.IRJPAC.2015.081 158 (I) nanoparticles (Cu 2 O) can be formed, whereas in case of PEG, Cu(OH) 2 nanowires, CuO sheetshaped nanoparticles () can be obtained. These observations were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It appears that the EG and PEG act as size-controlling and growth-directing agents in addition to their role as a dispersant.
Synthesis of CuO Nanowires on Waste Copper Wires
2006
∗ Corresponding author: Tel.: +603-8921-6928; Fax: +603-8925-9080. Email: cfdee@vlsi.eng.ukm.my (Dee Chang Fu) ... Synthesis of CuO Nanowires on Waste Copper Wires ... CF Dee*, Muhammad Yahaya, Muhamad Mat Salleh and Burhanuddin Yeop Majlis
The Roles of Hydrazine and Ethylenediamine in Wet Synthesis of Cu Nanowire
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, 2017
A wet synthesis Cu nanowire using CuNO3 as a precursor and hydrazine as a reduction agent and ethylene diamine as a polymer capping agent in excessive sodium hydroxide solution 15 M NaOH has been done. The study was done by varying the volume of hydrazine 0.15, 0.25 and 0.75 mL and ethylenediamine (EDA) (0.5, 1.5 and 0.25 mL) in a total volume of 100 mL, to investigate the roles of these two agents in forming the nanowire and was done at 60 °C at 60 RPM stirring speed. The study revealed that the wet synthesis could be used to produce nanowires in the length of micrometers with a diameter of about hundred nanometers. The best CuNW was obtained at volume EDA 1.5 mL at hydrazine volume 0.15 mL with length to diameter ratio was 120 ± 30. The roles of both hydrazine and the EDA in the process of making nanowires and nanoparticles were also discussed.
Electrochemical fabrication of Cu(OH)2 and CuO nanostructures and their catalytic property
Journal of Crystal Growth, 2011
In this paper, we reported an anodization method for the fabrication of novel uniform Cu(OH) 2 nanowires, CuO nanoparticles, and CuO shuttle-like nanoparticles with advanced structures. The possible formation mechanism of Cu(OH) 2 nanowires, CuO nanoparticles, and CuO shuttle-like nanoparticles was proposed. The good catalytic properties of CuO nanoparticles converted from Cu(OH) 2 nanowires and the CuO shuttle-like nanoparticles were confirmed by evaluating their catalytic ability on the C-N cross coupling of amines with iodobenzene.