Recent Developments in Cooling Systems and Cooling Management for Electric Motors (original) (raw)
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Efficient Cooling Systems for Motor & Motor Controller in Electric Vehicle A Review
IRJET, 2023
The thermal issue is a crucial consideration in the design of an appropriate cooling system for motors, and controllers of electric vehicles. The heat sources and the component geometry determine the thermal behavior. To reduce the overheating temperature of the motor & motor controller, various cooling technique are used. During transient thermal analysis, the time-temperature history data plays a significant role during simulation. In this work, the efficient cooling system for motor, controllers in Electric Vehicles related journal papers are reviewed, analyzed, and summarized by all the researchers that dealt with Electric Vehicles.
Thermal analysis of electric motors in engine cooling fan systems
SAE Technical …, 2001
Thermal study of electric engine cooling (EEC) motors is conducted using 3D CFD and conjugate heat transfer analysis. Complicated airflow fields and temperature distribution inside the motor are obtained. Predicted temperatures agree well with experimental results.
Development of air-cooling concepts for electric motor used in electric aircrafts
2018
Nowadays, due to the more and more important environmental issues and strict emission regulations, the electric vehicles are becoming popular and appearing in each type of transport, also in the aircraft industry. In this field, light weight, compact size, high power, and efficiency are the major design aspects. These criteria cause higher power density, thus the losses generated by the active parts are concentrated in a smaller volume. To handle the high thermal load, heat has to be effectively removed. The aim of this article is to improve the aircooling system of a radial flux electric motor with the help of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The stator is cooled by a water jacket, and the rotor is cooled by air in the closed housing. Several closed concepts are examined, with the different rotor and housing geometry. During the simulations, motor with a full load at maximal rotating speed is modelled. The results are compared with the base motor in the aspects of the...
Advanced Cooling Methods for High-Speed Electrical Machines
IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
High-speed electrical machines are gaining increasing attention, as they enable higher power densities in several applications such as micromachining spindles and turbo compressors. This brings along an important challenge in thermal management due to the higher loss densities in the machine. Therefore, a careful thermal analysis is required along with the electromagnetic and mechanical considerations during the design phase of the machines. In this paper, different forced cooling options are compared for a slotless-type high-speed permanent-magnet machine. Fast, yet sufficiently accurate thermal models are derived for analyzing these cooling concepts. This enables their coupling with electromagnetic models and incorporation into the machine optimization procedure, which would not be feasible when using computationally very intensive methods such as three-dimensional finite element method or computational fluid dynamics. The developed thermal models are first verified on mechanically simplified stator designs (in which no rotor coupling is possible), and later on fully functional high-speed electrical machine prototypes. Using an integrated cooling method instead of a standard cooling jacket, the power density can be nearly doubled while keeping the maximum winding temperature below 80°C, without altering the rotor or the stator core geometries. Index Terms-Cooling, high-power-density drives, high-speed drives, modeling, slotless machine. I. INTRODUCTION D UE TO the higher power density that they offer, highspeed drives have been a very popular research topic lately, both in academia and industry. Furthermore, a major part of the
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, 2020
In this paper, the authors present a computational model of a fin-based air cooling system for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) electric motors. The model can be used as a method for fast and efficient feasibility studies of air cooling for PMSM motors in hybrid-electric or all-electric aviation applications, supplementing further research (thermal resistance networks, and FEA/CFD-CHT models). In the paper, authors provide temperature distributions along the fin height which are calculated and presented for a straight fin, followed by heat transfer rate from fin surface and fin efficiency. A parameter to compare different fin materials for aviation applications is introduced-heat transfer rate from the fin to fin mass ratio. Aluminum and copper fins are compared. Different shapes of straight fin are considered and compared. The above parameters and comparison are then calculated and given for circular fins. Parameters of the whole fin-based air cooling system for specific 140 kW PMSM motor are calculated and presented.
Scientific Reports
The correct strategy of heat management in electric machines is extremely important due to their operating costs and length of operation. In this paper, the thermal management element strategies of the induction motors are developed to assure better endurance and boost efficiency. Additionally, an extensive review of the literature was carried out in terms of cooling methods for electrical machines. As the main result, the thermal analysis of an air-cooled and large-capacity induction motor is given, considering well-known heat distribution problems. Moreover, this study also presents an integrated approach with two or more cooling strategies to be the need of the hour. A model of a 100-kW air-cooled induction motor and an improved thermal management model of the same motor were both numerically investigated, using a combination of air cooling and integrated water cooling systems to achieve a significant improvement in motor efficiency. The integrated system comprising air- and wate...
Energies, 2021
This paper gives a comprehensive review of advanced cooling schemes and their applications to the permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), as well as investigating the electrical motor’s topologies its thermal design issues, materials and performances. Particularly, the electromagnetic and electric performances, machine sizing, together with the structural design, are given. In addition, the work addresses the motor’s material design and properties along with its insulation performance, which is the main goal of optimization. Mainly, thermal mapping with analysis is provided according to the different cooling methods, including air-cooling, water-cooling, oil-cooling, heat-pipe-cooling, potting silicon gelatin cooling, and as well as cooling strategies for tubes and microchannels. The most common special features and demands of the PMSMs are described in the appearance of the motor’s failures caused by uncontrolled temperature rise. In addition, heat sources and energy losses, i...
Cooling jacket development for electric motors used in e-aircrafts
2018
Most modern airplanes are powered with IC engines because electrical propulsion was not feasible at the dawn of powered flight. It became viable only recently due to advancements made on electric propulsion systems. Weight and space are key factors for airplanes. Increasing the power density of the engine can enable the design of more efficient and more powerful planes. One way to achieve this is to increase the power level of the electric motor which also increases the power loss. In this case more efficient cooling is needed to remove the excess heat. The aim of this paper is to determine the optimal cooling solution for the stator of a radial flux permanent magnet (PM) electric motor which is installed in an electric airplane. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used for the comparison of the developed concepts and their sub-concepts. The results are detailed for every initial concept and then the three best designs are chosen for further optimisation. Most modern airplanes are...
Cooling of High Power Generators and Motors for Electric Propulsion
Theory of Computing Systems \/ Mathematical Systems Theory, 1984
: This study reviews the history and development of marine electric propulsion drives, the types of electric propulsion, and the inherent losses which occur within the synchronous AC machines typically used for high-power propulsion systems. A thorough review of the literature pertaining to heat transfer in electrical machinery is made. In particular, the use of liquid cooling in various flow configurations, including buoyancy-driven thermosyphons and two-phase thermosyphons is analyzed. Forced-liquid cooling is feasible, but the required rotating seals are a problem in reliability. Closed-loop thermosyphon cooling appears feasible at high rotational speeds, although a secondary heat exchange through the shaft is required. Closed, two-phase thermosyphons and heat pipes are also feasible, but require forced-air circulation for heat rejection to the ambient. Since all of these concepts deserve additional attention, areas for further research and development are recommended. (Author)