Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors among HIV Positive Adult Patients Attending Public Health Facilities in Motta Town, East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017 (original) (raw)
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HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care
Background: Nutritional care is considered a crucial component of comprehensive care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), particularly in resource-limited settings where malnutrition and food insecurity are endemic problems, and low quality monotonous diets are the norm. The findings of this study provide baseline information on dietary diversity and related factors for health care providers so that they will be able to improve nutritional care and support activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess dietary diversity and associated factors among HIV positive adults (18-65 years old) attending antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics at Hiwot Fana and Dilchora Hospitals, eastern Ethiopia. Patients and methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to February 2016 at the ART clinics of Hiwot Fana and Dilchora Hospitals. Using a systematic random sampling technique, a total of 303 patients were selected from all adults attending the ART clinics. The data were collected with a 95% CI used to show association between dietary diversity and independent factors. Results: A total of 303 adult HIV positive individuals on ART participated in the study and 62.4% were females. The largest numbers of participants (49.5%) were 30-40 years of age. Eighty-seven (28.7%) participants had low dietary diversity (≤4 food groups). Duration of antiretroviral treatment was the factor significantly associated with dietary diversity: respondents with a duration of antiretroviral treatment of more than 2 years were almost two times more likely to have high dietary diversity compared with those with less than a year of antiretroviral treatment (adjusted odds ratio =0.490; 95% CI: 0.091, 0.978). Conclusion: Low dietary diversity was found to be a nutritional problem among HIV positive adults. Duration of antiretroviral treatment was the predictor of low dietary diversity. Therefore, appropriate dietary management of side effects of ART is important.
HIV & AIDS Review
Introduction: Adequate nutrition plays a major role in delaying disease progression and improving quality of life of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). Therefore, it is important to assess their nutrition knowledge and practice of dietary diversity, especially in resource-limited settings, where most HIV infections occur. Aim of the study was to assess the nutrition knowledge and dietary diversity practice of PLHIV in a resource-limited setting. Material and methods: This was a health facility-based cross-sectional analytical study conducted at two tertiary HIV clinics in Enugu, Nigeria. Using a systematic random sampling technique, 370 adult HIV patients were recruited. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with good nutrition knowledge and high dietary diversity among respondents. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Good nutrition knowledge was observed in 69.7% of the respondents, while 60.0% had high dietary diversity. In multivariate analysis, secondary educational level (AOR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.29-0.97; p = 0.040) and earning a family monthly income of 31,000-60,000 (AOR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.11-4.06; p = 0.024) were predictors of good nutrition knowledge. Number of children in a household (AOR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.19-3.67) was predictive of high dietary diversity. Conclusions: Educational level and family monthly income are predictors of nutrition knowledge, while number of children in a household is a predictor of dietary diversity. Nutrition education should be incorporated into HIV care program targeting those with low educational levels and low family monthly incomes for improvement of their nutrition knowledge.
HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care
Background: Nutrition is a significant factor in all stages of HIV. Dietary management of HIV-positive patients is key to supporting their capacity to continue participating in the workforce and contributing to socioeconomic growth. Few studies have been conducted regarding this important public health problem of dietary diversity throughout the developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study assesses the magnitude and factors associated with dietary diversity among HIV-positive patients attending antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics at Public Hospitals in Kembata Tembaro Zoni, Southern Ethiopia. Methods and Materials: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 01/2019 to 30/2019 on 341 adult HIV-positive patients on ART at two randomly selected public hospitals in the study area. A systematic random sampling technique was applied to select study subjects from each facility proportionally. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors associated with individual dietary diversity. Logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated to measure the strength of association. Level of significance for statistical tests was set at p <0.05. Results: This study shows 60.1% (95% CI: 55-65) of patients had inadequate dietary diversity. Average monthly income of less than 1000 Ethiopian Birr (AOR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.04-3.17), being female (AOR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.67-5.37), duration of ART less than 1 year (AOR = 3.77, 95% CI: 1.42-10.02) and lack of dietary counseling (AOR =0.54, 95% CI: 0.30-0.97) were factors associated with low dietary diversity. Conclusion: Low dietary diversity was a major nutritional problem in HIV-positive patients. Low average monthly income, being female, duration of participants on ART, and lack of dietary counseling were the factors associated with low dietary diversity. To alleviate these problems, exceptional attention in nutritional care should be given to HIV-positive patients and they require appropriate counseling and support during early initiation of ART.
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.10\_Issue.3\_March2020/IJHSR\_Abstract.015.html, 2020
HIV infection and malnutrition are strongly linked and highly prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa. Nutrition is a key component of comprehensive care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). A varied and healthy diet has been strongly associated with nutrient adequacy and delay in HIV/AIDS progression. This study aimed to assess dietary practices and nutrition status among adult HIV/AIDS patients aged 18-55 years old, attending a comprehensive care center (CCC), at Kisii Teaching and Referral Hospital (KTRH), Kenya. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 68 study participants randomly selected. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24.0 statistical software. A total of 68 study participants were included in the analysis and 64.7% were female. The majority of the participants (42.7%) were between 19-31 years of age. Nearly two thirds (61.8%) of the respondents consumed three meals a day, and a quarter (25%) consumed less than three meals a day. The majority of the respondents consumed cereals/cereal products more than any other food group. The prevalence of undernutrition was 7.4%, overweight was 25% and 14.7% were obese. These results could be a reflection the nutritional transition Kenya is experiencing, predisposing PLWHA to cardio-metabolic risk factors. These results highlight the need to strengthen community nutrition programmes to further improve accessibility and availability of affordable varied and sustainable healthy diet to better health for PLWHA.
This study assessed the dietary pattern and nutritional status of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) attending some voluntary and counseling test units in Cross River State. The studied subjects consisted of 74 adult patients infected with HIV between the ages of 18 and 60 years and 74 age-and-sexed-matched apparently healthy volunteers who were HIV negative as control group. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the subjects. Dietary diversity of the subjects and control were assessed using food frequency questionnaire. Blood serum total protein, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol were determined spectrophotometrically while serum zinc and iron were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Result obtained shows that majority of patients (39.19%) were between 26 and 33years. A sizeable percentages of patients (33.78%) and control (52.7%) were overweight (BMI ≥ 25.00kg/m2), while some patients (25.68%) and control (37.93%) were under weight (BMI < 18.49kg/m2). A significantly (P<0.05) higher total protein was observed in patients compared to
Dietary Intake Adequacy of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Rural Communities of Imo State, Nigeria
Journal of Agricultural Extension
This study analysed the dietary intake of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in rural communities of Imo State, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was used to sample 114 PLWHA from members of two rural support groups with high prevalence of HIV in Imo State using interview schedule. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product moment correlation, and t-test at 0.05. Mean involvement in agriculture was 12.7 and reduced to 7.0 after HIV infection. Extent of involvement in agriculture significantly reduced pre and post HIV infection (t=8.1). Diet diversity score was low among the majority (62.3%) of the PLWHA, with a mean of 4.3±1.6, and diet adjudged severely inadequate. However, change in level of involvement in agriculture had no significant correlation with dietary intake (r=-0.01). The study concluded that diet of PLWHA in Imo State was inadequate, thus there is need for extension to collaborate with the health sector to develop nutritional guideline for PLWHA in rural communities.
International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 2019
A combination of malnutrition, Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) leads to a vicious cycle of immune malfunction, malnutrition and infectious diseases. Despite more funds being accessible for PLHIV treatment, and many of such programs having positive outcomes, HIV remains a greater basis of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary intake and demographic and social economic status among adult patients living with HIV and AIDS attending Narok County Referral Hospital. The study adopted cross-sectional analytical design. Purposive sampling was used to select Narok county referral hospital, the PLHIV attending the comprehensive care clinic at the hospital and key informants. Simple random sampling was applied to select the 121 respondents from the PLHIV visiting the clinic. A structured questionnaire and anthropometric form were used to collect the data. Besides, 24-hour dietary recalls and a ...
PLOS ONE, 2018
Background Both household food insecurity and household dietary diversity have been found reliable in describing the dietary intake of a population. However, it had not been proven as reliable instrument for assessing nutritional status of individuals in a clinical context. There has been a need for evidence on the validity of using proxy and easy dietary indicators for nutritional status. Method A facility based cross sectional study design was employed on 423 people with HIV infection visiting all ART clinics in Bahir Dar, North Ethiopia. Nutritional status was determined by computing BMI. Food insecurity was assessed using household food insecurity access scale. Dietary diversity was measured using a tool adopted from Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project. Data were entered to Epidata version 3.1and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Reliability analysis, sensitivity and specificity analysis were determined. Result The sensitivity of the household food insecurity access scale and dietary diversity score was 87.9% and 79.8%, respectively, while their specificity was 56.2% and 70.2%. The AUC at 95% CI for the household food insecurity access scale and household dietary diversity score were 73.4 (68.4-78.4) and 73.1 (68.1-78.2) while their cut of point that maximized their sensitivity and specificity was 1 and 6 respectively. Household food insecurity access scale and household dietary diversity score were found to be reliable tools with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.926 and 0.799, respectively.