Camp Maxey III, Archaeological Testing of 23 Prehistoric Sites, Lamar County, Texas (original) (raw)
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Camp Maxey IV Archaeological Testing of Six Sites, Lamar County, Texas
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State, 2002
From June 14 through July 4, 2001, the Center for Archaeological Research of The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted National Register of Historic Places eligibility testing of six prehistoric archaeological sites (41LR190, 41LR194, 41LR196, 41LR200, 41LR258, and 41LR259) at Camp Maxey, Lamar County, Texas, under contract with the Texas Army National Guard. The investigations were conducted under Texas Antiquities Permit No. 2180. The Phase II testing fieldwork consisted of the excavation of twelve backhoe trenches and nineteen 1 x 1-m test units across the sites to investigate significant cultural deposits encountered during the previous survey phase. In concert with the archaeological field investigations, lithic and native ceramic analyses and magnetic sediment susceptibility studies were performed to aid in the determination of site integrity and eligibility. The synthesis of these analyses has provided adequate data to determine temporal integrity and recommendation of National Register eligibility for site 41LR190. Further cultural resources investigations in the form of Phase III data recovery excavations are thus recommended for this site prior to proposed development. Conversely, due to lack of significance criteria, sites 41LR194, 41LR196, 41LR200, 41LR258, and 41LR259 are recommended as ineligible for inclusion in the National Register and require no further cultural resources investigations.
Camp Maxey II: A 5,000 Acre Cultural Resources Survey of Camp Maxey, Lamar County, Texas
2001
Between May 1999, and February 2000, the Center for Archaeological Research of The University of Texas at San Antonio (CAR-UTSA) conducted an archaeological survey of approximately 5,000 acres for the Texas Army National Guard (TXARNG) on Camp Maxey. This project was conducted in order to complete a 100 percent survey of Camp Maxey, a TXARNG training facility in north-central Lamar County, Texas, under Sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act and Antiquities Code of Texas. A total of 98 sites (41LR181-280) were discovered and recorded. In addition, five previously recorded sites (41LR137, 41LR148, 41LR170, 41LR172, and 41LR173) were revisited and minimal work was conducted at them for re-evaluation. In total, 136 archaeological sites have been identified and documented within the boundary of the Camp Maxey training facility, during the various archaeological projects conducted by CAR and other agencies. Based on the results of the pedestrian survey and limited shovel testing, CAR recommends that 30 of the sites recorded at Camp Maxey may be eligible for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places and for listing as State Archaeological Landmarks. However, further work and additional information is needed on these sites before sufficient information exists to make this recommendation with any degree of confidence. Therefore, CAR recommends additional archaeological work, in the form of systematic subsurface test excavations, at the following sites: 41LR137
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State, 1999
In June, July, and September 1998, The Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) conducted an archaeological survey of approximately 1,000 acres for the Texas Army National Guard (TXARNG) on Camp Maxey, a TXARNG training facility in north-central Lamar County, Texas, under Sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the Antiquities Code of Texas. The TXARNG had identified the 1,000-acre area for possible impact associated with the construction of firebreaks, road improvements, and subsequent military training with tracked and wheeled vehicles. Thirty archaeological sites were found and documented. Twenty-three sites contained a prehistoric component only, five sites contained a historic component only, and two sites contained both a prehistoric and historic component. Based on the results of the pedestrian survey and limited shovel testing, CAR recommends that the following sites are insignificant and therefore ineligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places or for designation as State Archaeological Landmarks: 41LR149, 41LR150, 41LR151, 41LR169, 41LR171, 41LR172, 41LR173, 41LR174, 41LR176, 41LR178, and 41LR179. CAR recommends that because the significance of the following sites is unknown, the TXARNG either avoid further impact to them, or conduct test excavations to determine their
National Register Testing of 42 Prehistoric Archeological Sites on Fort Hood, Texas: The 1996 Season
1999
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average I hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to
National Register Testing of 19 Prehistoric Archeological Sites on Fort Hood, Texas: The 1995 Season
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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503.
Data Recovery Excavations at 41PR44, Fort Wolters, Parker County, Texas
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State, 2006
During the spring of 2004, the Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted data recovery excavations at site 41PR44 on Fort Wolters. The site had been surveyed and tested by the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (Brownlow 2001; Brownlow et al. 1999). The results of that testing suggested that the site contained a high density of burned rock features, chipped stone, and bone that dated to the Late Prehistoric period, with additional material possibly dating to the Late Archaic. Based on the testing, site 41PR44 was recommended as eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion D. The site has been directly impacted by military traffic, and secondary erosion associated with a dirt road that cut through the center of the site has further damaged 41PR44. As continued use and maintenance of the road would result in continued erosion of the significant deposits, and as avoidance of this site area was not possible, CAR was contracted by the Adjutant General's Office of the Texas Military Forces to develop a data recovery plan that targeted critical data from the Late Prehistoric, and potentially earlier, occupations. That plan was produced in early 2004, and field work was undertaken in March and April. The work was conducted under a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between the Texas Military Forces and the Texas Historical Commission. CAR personnel excavated 46 shovel and hand-auger tests, 24 1-x-1-m units, and cut four backhoe trenches. We defined 12 thermal features in the field, but subsequent analysis reduced this number to three. A variety of artifacts were collected, including large quantities of sandstone and limestone rock, a variety of lithic tools, 883 pieces of chipped stone debitage, sediment samples, and small quantities of bone, charcoal, and mussel shell. We identified several occupation periods at the site, including use of the location during the Late Prehistoric and Late Archaic periods, as well as earlier Archaic use. The distribution of projectile points, as well as the assessment of context by the project geoarchaeologists, demonstrated that several areas of the site were mixed. Nevertheless, we were able to isolate Late Prehistoric, Late Archaic, and Archaic age deposits that were used to explore a variety of research areas, including aspects of subsistence, chipped stone technology, and feature technology. While limited by less than ideal temporal resolution and low recovery rates, the analysis of the 41PR44 data provides a basic description of archaeological material for this understudied portion of Texas. Following laboratory processing and analysis, and in consultation with both the Texas Military Forces and the Texas Historical Commission, selected samples and certain classes of materials collected from 41PR44 were discarded. This discard was in conformance with Texas Historical Commission guidelines. Material disposed of included all sandstone and limestone rock collected from non-feature contexts, as well as roughly 75% of all feature rock. All sediment samples not associated with features were discarded as were all metal items. All remaining archaeological samples collected by CAR, along with all associated documents, notes, and photographs, were prepared for permanent curation at the Texas Archaeological Research Laboratory in Austin. ii Table of Contents Data Recovery Excavations at 41PR44
Phase II Archaeological Investigations at Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State, 1997
The Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) conducted significance testing at eight prehistoric archaeological sites at Lackland Air Force Base Medina Annex in Bexar County, Texas, for the Department ofthe Air Force under Sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act. The Air Force had selected two areas of Medina Annex for possible impact associated with the construction of on-base housing. Alternate 1, the Medina Annex Housing Area, includes sites 41 BXl 088, 41BX1090 and 41BXI091. Alternate 2, the Medina Dog Training Area, includes sites 4IBX1070, 41BXll02, 41 BXII 03, and 41 BX1114. Site 41BXI 076 is located outside ofthe impact areas and was tested under Section 110. A previously unrecorded site, 41BXI208, was located during the course of the testing project in Alternate 2. The site, a small lithic scatter, was inspected and mapped. Based on the results of the testing at the Medina Annex, CAR recommends to WACC that two sites-41BXII02 and 41BX1I 03-are eligible for NRHP designation. CAR recommends that the testing project has exhausted the research potential of the remaining sites-4lBX1 070, 41BXI 076, 41 BXl 088,41 BXl 090, 41BX1091, and 41BX llI4-which are all recommended as ineligible for NRHP nomination. CAR therefore recommends that construction should be allowed to proceed in the Medina Annex Housing Area (Alternate 1
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State, 2004
The Texas Army National Guard conducts military training on Camp Swift, an approximately 11,500acre tract in northern Bastrop County, Texas. As required by law, an environmental assessment of the area was conducted with pedestrian surveys beginning as early as 1979. The Adjutant General's Department of Texas (AGTX) was charged with oversight management of archaeological compliance for the Camp. The survey was undertaken to meet requirements under sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). Under sections 106 and 110 of the NHPA, the protection of cultural resources is related to their eligibility for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), which is in turn dependent on their NRHP significance as defined in 36 CFR Part 60. The National Historic Preservation Act Amendments of 1992 clarified Section 110 and directed federal agencies to establish preservation programs corresponding to their activities and effects on historic properties. Under Section 110, federal agencies may evaluate the significance of cultural resources not currently threatened to assist with the development of preservation planning. The purpose of the surveys was to provide the Texas National Guard with recommendations as to the eligibility of the sites for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). In the case of prehistoric sites, significance is often based on Criterion D of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) as defined by the National Park Service in 36 CFR 60. The significance of a site under Criterion D, and therefore its eligibility for listing on the NHRP, is based on its having yielded information important in history or prehistory, or on its having the potential to yield such information in the future. The question of what information is important, a point not addressed in the NRHP, is a function of research questions or developed historic contexts. Contracting Parties The Center for Archaeological Studies (CAS) of Southwest Texas State University (now Texas State University-San Marcos) contracted with the sponsoring agency, the Texas Army National Guard. The investigations were conducted under interagency cooperative agreement number TX 01-ENV-29 401-2-4652. C. Britt Bousman and David L. Nickels served as co-principal investigators for the 2002-2003 project. David L. Nickels directed the daily field operations.