Effects of defoliation intensity on the genetic and phenotypic composition of virtual ray-grass populations (original) (raw)

Morphogenetic and structural characteristics of signal grass in response to liming and defoliation severity

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

The control of soil acidity through liming and the adoption of adequate management are essential to the maintenance of pastures productivity. The morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk, in canopies with (0.7 t ha-1 and 1.0 t ha-1) or without liming and subjected to severe or lenient cuttings (stubble corresponding to 40 % or 60 % of the pre-harvest height, respectively), were evaluated throughout regrowth, during late spring and summer. Treatments were distributed in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, in a completely randomized block design, with 3 replications (80 m2 plots). Increased liming rates do not result in benefits to the herbage mass, tiller population density or a faster canopy recovering. The average tiller weight decreases, while the duration of regrowth linearly increases, with increasing liming rates, particularly in late spring. Stem elongation and leaf senescence rates increase and leaf elongation rates decrease from the 15th day...

Comparison of neutral and adaptive differentiation in the Mediterranean grass Brachypodium retusum

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2019

The Mediterranean grass Brachypodium retusum is the dominant species of a vulnerable steppe habitat. Differentiation in phenotypic traits has been found in a previous study, but scales and drivers are largely unknown. In this study, we compared molecular and phenotypic variation between populations to (1) analyse spatial patterns of neutral genetic variation; (2) test for effects of selection on differentiation and (3) identify major drivers of adaptive differentiation. We collected plant material of 17 populations in the western Mediterranean covering a large part of the species range. Neutral population differentiation was estimated using AFLP markers. A regional-scale subset of pairs of French populations was sampled in close proximity from calcareous and red Mediterranean soils as major habitat types. Sampling sites differed in climate at a regional scale and in soil characteristics such as pH at a local scale. These populations were grown in a common garden experiment to measur...