DNA Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism of the Human Class II Genes as Analyzed by Southern Blotting Technique (original) (raw)

Springer eBooks, 1984

Abstract

The human HLA-D region class II antigens each consist of two non-covalently linked trans-membrane glycoprotein subunits: an α heavy chain of 32–35 kd and a β light chain of 28–30 kd [1]. They are encoded by a complex multigene family consisting of several loci within the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 6 [1]. Their products, which are primarily represented on B cells, monocytes and activated T cells, participate in several cellular immune functions. These include antigen presentation and cell—cell recognition. They are also associated with susceptibility/resistance to some diseases [1]. There are at least three distinct class II allelic series - HLA-DR, BR and DQ - all detectable by molecular and serological assays [2]. A fourth serologically defined class II system has been called “SB” (now DP) because it is thought by some to correspond to the antigens defined by primed lymphocyte typing [5]. In addition, there are the HLA-D specificities which are defined by mixed lymphocyte culture testing. Most of these specificities correlate closely with HLA-DR in Caucasoids but not in Negroids and Mongoloids [3]. The precise relationship between these “MLC determinants” and the molecules described above has not yet been established.

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