Preliminary study on the phytochemical evolution of different Lamiaceae species based on iridoids (original) (raw)
Related papers
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2000
The dihydric phenolics from the leaves of 365 specimens representing 355 species and varieties of 110 genera of Lamiaceae (Labiatae) have been examined as semiquinones by ESR spectroscopy. Of these 89 genera comprising 194 species belong to the Lamiaceae, whereas 21 genera comprising 161 species have been transferred from the Verbenaceae in the most recent classi"cation. Two chemical characters give strong support to the subfamily division of the Lamiaceae as recognised by Erdtman (1945). (Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 29, 279}285) and others. Rosmarinic acid was observed in 110 species out of 127 studied and con"ned to the subfamily Nepetoideae sensu Erdtman. These species produce tricolpate pollen grains. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanoid glycosides were observed in 111 species all con"ned to Lamioideae sensu Erdtman with hexacolpate pollen grains. The acid and the phenylethanoid glycosides were found to be mutually exclusive, apart from one species, Teucrium scorodonia. A compound tentatively assigned as a-hydroxy-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) ethanoid glycoside, was observed in 49 species, solely con"ned to subfamily Lamioideae. Furthermore, rosmarinic acid was observed in Aegiphila mollis and in Hymenopyramis brachiata, both belonging to Lamioideae. No phenylethanoid glycosides were observed from any of 5 Hymenopyramis or from any of 30 species of Vitex. The latter result questions the transfer of the genus to Lamiaceae, but strengthens its isolated position. Chlorogenic acid was observed in 34 species and protochatechuic acid in 16 species. Hydroquinone is scattered in the family (4 species) and thymohydroquinone was observed in 7 species all belong to the Nepetoideae.
Planta Medica, 2021
As the sixth-largest Angiosperm family, Lamiaceae contains more than 245 genera and 7886 species that are distributed worldwide. It is also the third-largest family based on the number of taxa in Turkey where it is represented by 46 genera and 782 taxa with a high endemism ratio (44%). Besides, Lamiaceae are rich in plants with economic and medicinal value containing volatile and nonvolatile compounds. Many aromatic plants of Lamiaceae such as Salvia, Sideritis, Stachys, Phlomis, and Teucrium species are used in traditional herbal medicine throughout Turkey as well as in other Mediterranean countries. Salvia (Sage tea “Adaçayı”), Sideritis (Mountain tea “Dağçayı”), Stachys (Hairy Tea “Tüylü Çay”), and Phlomis (Turkish sage “Çalba or Şalba”) are the largest genera that are used as herbal teas. This review focuses on the volatile and nonvolatile compounds of Lamiaceae from the genera Phlomis and Eremostachys of the subfamily Lamioideae with emphasis on iridoids, phenylethanoid glycosi...
Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2022
Editorial on the Research Topic Ethnopharmacology of the lamiaceae: Opportunities and challenges for developing new medicines The Lamiaceae (also known as the mint family) is one of the largest botanical families, with 6,900-7,200 accepted species names, under 236 genera. The importance of the family for medicinal, aromatic, environmental, and food purposes has been known for centuries. Species in the mint family are recognized in traditional medicine throughout the world. Some particularly prominent genera include Salvia (900 spp.), Scutellaria (360 spp.), Stachys (360 spp.), Hyptis (280 spp.), and Thymus (360 spp.). Many of the species are cultivated including several widely used culinary botanical drugs viz. Ocimum basilicum L.; Lavandula angustifolia Mill.; Origanum majorana L.; Mentha L.; Origanum vulgare L.; Rosmarinus officinalis L.; Salvia officinalis L.; Satureja hortensis L. and Thymus vulgaris L. The focus of this research topic is to make a special contribution to the ethnopharmacology of the species that make up the Lamiaceae family; considering the phytochemistry and molecular pharmacology of its secondary metabolites. All the manuscripts that make up this edition show the importance of Lamiaceae and their secondary metabolites in the prevention and treatment of various diseases; evidencing that many drugs available today have their origin in plant molecules. A very important topic in this issue assesses the influence of seasonality on the chemical composition and biological activities of species that make up the Mentha genus, common to the Mediterranean and subtropical regions, and has received considerable attention for being a rich source of a variety of phenolic compounds
Planta Medica, 2011
Distribution of two iridoid and 6 flavonoid compounds in four Veronica sect. Alsinebe subsect. Agrestis species (23 samples) from Iranian natural populations was investigated. Veronica francispetae and V. siaretensis were studied for these compounds for the first time. The iridoid and flavonoid patterns showed a good correlation with other chemical and morphological features of these taxa. The studied species are closest together according to the flavonoid patterns: species containing quercetin derivatives are V. persica, V. polita and species containing quercetin are V. francispetae, V. siaretensis.
Phytochemistry and the Systematics and Ecology of Loasaceae and Gronoviaceae (Loasales)
American Journal of Botany, 2000
A screening for iridoid compounds of 78 of 315 species from all major groups in Gronoviaceae and Loasaceae has been carried out. The results were compared to the systematic concepts in the family and distribution and ecology of the taxa. Iridoids are present in at least some species of all genera screened. Some simple, monomeric compounds (e.g., loganin, sweroside) are found in all major groups of the two families and represent the basic iridoid inventory. Other compounds are restricted to certain taxonomic groups: ninecarbon iridoids (e.g., deutzioside) are restricted to Mentzelia (Loasaceae subfam. Mentzelioideae), hetero-oligomeric iridoids (e.g., tricoloroside methyl ester, acerifolioside) are restricted to two small groups in Loasa (Loasa ser. Macrospermae and ser. Floribundae, Loasaceae subfam. Loasoideae), and oleosides (e.g., 10-hydroxyoleoside dimethyl ester) are restricted to the large genus Caiophora sensu Weigend). The distribution of certain iridoid compounds thus confirms some of the generic limits. Iridoid phytochemistry does not correlate with systematic entities above the generic level nor does it in any way correlate with the morphological evolution of taxa. Conversely, the amount and complexity of iridoid compounds present in taxa correlate positively with the aridity of their habitat and the extent of mammalian herbivore pressure.
Plants
A study of the phytochemical and molecular characteristics of ten Micromeria and six Clinopodium taxa (family Lamiaceae) distributed in the Balkan Peninsula was carried out. The phytochemicals detected in essential oils by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and molecular data amplified fragment length polymorphism were used to study the taxonomic relationships among the taxa and the correlations between phytochemical and molecular data. STRUCTURE analysis revealed three genetic groups, while Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure grouped the studied taxa into 11 clusters nested in the groups obtained by STRUCTURE. Principal components analysis performed with the 21 most represented compounds in the essential oils yielded results that were partly consistent with those obtained by STRUCTURE and neighbour-joining analyses. However, their geographic distributions did not support the genetic grouping of the studied taxa and populations. The Mantel test showed a significant correla...
Chemotaxonomy of Wild Lamiaceae taxa Based on Their Flavonoids Profiles
Journal of Rangeland Science, 2021
The study presents flavonoids compounds patterns of thirty two Lamiaceae (Mint) taxa from Oshtorankoh located on Zagros Mountains, Iran for understanding flavonoids role in mint chemotaxonomy and their usages as food additive, edible, spices and medicine. This is a novel report of some Iranian Mint taxa flavonoids using two dimensional paper chromatography and thin layer chromatography methods. Results showed all of the studied taxa contained flavone C-&C-/O-glucosides and flavonoid sulphates. Eight taxa had aglycones while the rest lacked. Quercetin was found in all of taxa except Lamium album ssp. crinitum and Nepeta persica. Stachys setifera had not myricetin while others had. Rhamnetin, tricin and morin were not detected in all taxa exceptional Salvia brachycalyx and Salvia staminea those had. Kaempferol was found in all taxa except Ajuga chamaecistus, Lamium amplexicaule var. amplexicaule, Nepeta persica and Stachys pilifera. All of taxa except six species had luteolin. These results showed aerial parts flavonoids compounds variation in studied taxa can be useful for studying relationships within relatively narrow taxonomic limits, e. g. at the species and genus levels and their importance in chemotaxonomic surveys of mint genera. Also flavonoids compounds presence in studied taxa increase their quality and antioxidant activity as edible, spices and medicinal plants.
Lamiaceae): A morphoanatomical, histochemical and volatile analysis
This study aims to evaluate the anatomy of calli and their chemico-morphological characteristics after in vitro culture. Callus was induced from leaf explants of Rosmarinus officinalis derived from in vitro grown plants on media containing 2,4dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4D) and thidiazuron (TDZ) supplementation. Both capitate and peltate glandular trichomes were recognized in R. officinalis callus by light and electron microscopy. Histochemical tests showed positive reactions to lipophilic and terpenoid compounds for capitate trichomes and parenchyma or meristematic cells. Volatiles were isolated by simultaneous distillation -extraction and analysed by gas chromatography. Specifically, the use of 2,4D was shown to have a positive effect on the capacity of R. officinalis friable callus to produce volatile monoterpene compounds relative to TDZ. The main volatiles produced by callus were a-pinene, b-pinene and camphor produced in media containing 0.5 and 1.0 mg L 21 of 2,4D. Significant quantities of a-pinene, b-pinene and camphor were produced with 0.5 mg L 21 of 2,4D. On the basis of this accumulated evidence, it can be concluded that R. officinalis callus produces volatiles in developing glandular trichomes and that cellular aggregates and in vitro culture can be used for the production of volatiles under in vitro controlled conditions from selected plant material.