Evaluation of the School Environment of Public and Private Schools in Enugu to Ensure Child Health Promotion (original) (raw)
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World Health & Population, 2010
Background and purpose: School, as a reliable place in educating students, has an important role in training. The aim of this study was the assessment of environmental health of primary schools in Norabad Mamasani city of Fars Province. Materials and Methods: In this analytical-descriptive and cross-sectional study, all of 26 primary schools in Norabad Mamasani city were surveyed by using census methodology. For data collection, it was used an approved form of safety and health school status by Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The obtained data was statistically analyzed by means of SPSS software using chi-square statistical test at the significant level with p=0.05. Results: Results showed that 19(73.7%) and7 (26.93%) of the 26 schools were public and private schools, respectively. 15 (57.7%) schools have the building of the new build. The results of the research indicated that there is not a significant difference between the health status of hand washing services, water fountain system, toilet and classrooms in the position of the old building and new building according the Chi-square test (p>0.05). Also, there was no significant difference between the per capita health service (hand washing services, water fountain system and toilet) in public and private schools (p>0.05). Conclusion: The most schools had to favorable and hygiene situation of environmental health situation regarding the Health Instruction Guide for Environment of Schools. But, it should be improved the classroom, water fountain system and closets per capita and the distance of some schools from annoying centers. The authorities of Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health should pay more attention and interest in this regard and dedicate proper budgets to solve health problems.
Unizik Journal Of Educational Management And Policy, 2020
This study is an investigation of the provision of health facilities for promoting a healthy child friendly school environment in primary schools in Delta State. Four research questions guided the study. The descriptive survey research design was employed in the study. The population comprised all the 1,132 primary school head teachers in the public primary schools in Delta State. Sample of the study consisted 566 public primary school head teachers drawn from the entire head teachers at 50% using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Instrument for data collection was a questionnaire personally developed by the researchers, titled: "Healthy Child Friendly School Environment Questionnaire (HCFSEQ)" containing 31 items. The research instrument was validated by three experts in Educational Management and Policy Department and the reliability of the instrument was ascertained through a pilot-test by sampling 20 head teachers from 20 public primary schools in Anambra State. Data collected were analyzed using mean scores and standard deviation to answer the research questions. The findings of this study revealed among others that there were no adequate provisions for school health facilities as regards to the provisions of school clinics, sanitary, sports and recreational health facilities for promoting a healthy child friendly school environment in primary schools in Delta State. From the findings of the study, recommendations were also proffered and among them include that: Delta State Government in collaboration with the Delta State Universal Basic Education (DSUBE) should make adequate provision for health facilities like school clinics, sanitary, sports and recreational health facilities for promoting a healthy child friendly school environment in primary schools in Delta State.
Assessment of The School Environment of Public and Private Primary Schools in Ekiti State
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2022
The study assessed the school environment of public and private primary schools in Ekiti State. The study adopted cross sectional descriptive research design. The target population for this study comprises primary schools, both public and private in Ekiti State. The population comprised of 158 private primary schools and 457 public primary schools in all the 3 Senatorial Districts of Ekiti State. A Multi-stage sampling procedure was used in selecting 266 private and public primary schools for this study. A standardized observational checklist was adapted from the school health programme evaluation scale and a well-structured questionnaire was used. The face and content validity of the instruments were ensured. Internal consistency reliability method was used; Cronbach's alpha statistics was used to test for the internal consistency of the instrument (questionnaire) which yielded reliability index of 0.806. Descriptive analysis and inferential analysis were used to analyze the data collected. Findings from the study showed that the physical environment of public and private primary schools were not in good condition. It was also concluded that a little above average number of teachers had good knowledge of physical school environment. It was recommended among others that an intensive and comprehensive educational initiative should be organized for the pupils and teachers on the importance of healthful school environment.
Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences , 2018
This study was conducted to determine the level of implementation of healthful school environment in selected secondary schools in Calabar Municipality. Two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study employed the descriptive survey design. The multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to select a total of 314 SS2 students, 100 teachers and 20 principals from 20 schools (10 public and 10 private) and 2 policy makers to make up the sample size of 436. A 25 item validated questionnaire, key informant interview guides and observation checklist were used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data from respondents. Population and independent t-test were used to test the two hypotheses formulated. The results of data analysis were presented in tables and figures. The result of the study revealed that a significant difference exist between the SHP implementation guidelines and healthful school living/environment in schools and that school ownership significantly influenced the implementation of healthful school living/environment (P = 0.000). Private schools were observed to have more of the facilities than the public schools (recreational facilities were found in 40% public and 80% private schools, functional taps in 30% public and 80% private schools, total fencing of school found in 30% public and 70% private schools, adequate desk and chairs for students was observed in 40% public and 100% private schools). Based on the findings, recommendations made included: that copies of the SHP policy and implementation guidelines be made a compulsory document for all schools to guide programme implementation and that the Government should see it as a priority to ensure healthful living in schools by supporting schools to provide the needed facilities.
Asian Journal of Medicine and Health
Background: Provision of security, health services and environmental health facilities in schools is crucial in achieving the overall goals of the School Health Programme (SHP) because of their implications in all the areas of school health and plays an important role in the safety of school community and in retention and learning outcomes of students. We aimed to determine the status of public primary schools with respect to safety, health service provision and environmental health facilities in Sokoto metropolis, Northwestern Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional descriptive study among 40 public primary schools by multistage sampling technique. We collected data with an observation checklist using an electronic Open Data Kit (ODK) and analysed for descriptive statistics using SPSS version 23. Results: The majority of schools had no security fence 21 (52.5%). Security/ safety teams were present in about a third 15 (37.5%) of the schools. None of the schools had a fire a...
School Health Services in Primary Schools in Jos, Nigeria
Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2014
Background: Globally, although school - aged children do not suffer from the high mortality of pre-school children, there exists a high burden of morbidity among them. School Health Services have been designed to appraise, protect and promote the health of the school population to enable them benefit maximally from the school system. We evaluated the status of the school health services in public and private primary schools in Jos. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study. A sampling ratio of 50% of all registered schools was applied to select 20 public and 46 private schools using a stratified random sampling technique. A School Health Evaluation Scale Questionnaire was completed for each school by direct interview and inspection. Results:Twenty four (36.4%) schools had health personnel, 2 public and 22 private (p = 0.003). Sixty- five (98.5%) schools performed routine inspection of the pupils. Twelve (18.2%) schools requested pre-admission/employment med...
Appraising the Physical Environment of Secondary Schools in Calabar, Nigeria
Background: Environmental challenges and opportunities vary among schools around the world, across countries and within communities. World Health Organization had reported that the biggest threats to child health and in fact accounting for more than five million deaths each year in children less than 15 years of age are linked to the environment in which they live, learn and play-their homes, schools and their communities. This study assessed the quality of the physical environment of all the secondary schools in Calabar, Cross River State. Methods: All existing 42 secondary schools in Calabar South local government council and Calabar Municipality; stratified by proprietorship, were rated using pretested quantitative school's physical environment instrument with 4 dimensions; site, structure, classroom and amenities; and various indicators with assigned scores. Data were analysed using various parametric tests. Results: Overcrowding was observed in 52.4% of schools. Mean scores of all dimensions was 42.7 ± 11.4 from a possible maximum of 73. Mission schools with mean of 49.9 ± 9.8 fared better than private (48.8 ± 19.8) and government 35.5 ± 11 respectively. Government owned schools showed consistently lower scores in all study dimensions and the classrooms where students spend most of their time while in school had the worst ratings. The variation between various proprietorship statuses was highest between private and government schools. Conclusion: Deficiencies observed in the physical environment of the schools, reflects the poor implementation of relevant standards by the supervising authorities and thus, leaving the attaining of a healthy physical environment in schools to the prerogative of the various proprietors.
Water and sanitation problems in selected schools in Ibadan, Nigeria
2008
The poor state of water and sanitation facilities in schools in Nigeria particularly those studied in Ibadan is one of the major factors for the declining health and reduced productivity among children of school age. This study assessed the state of water and sanitation facilities in schools and determined their health correlates. The study was a descriptive cross sectional survey. Eight Secondary schools located in Ibadan metropolis with average population not less than 500 students per school were selected randomly for the study. A total of 400 questionnaires (50 in each school) were administered to respondents drawn from all the participating schools. In addition observational checklist was used. Results show 60% of the respondents use well water in their various school premises. In most of these schools the number of this water facility was limited to one as reported by 100% of the respondents at OAHS. Majority of the respondents 39(78%) reported that it takes about 5minutes wal...
Schools in Nigeria: An Assessment of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Sokoto State
2022
The aim of this study is to assess the level of water, sanitation, and hygiene services in public secondary schools in Sokoto, state Nigeria using a survey of 120 student-teacher respondents determined using Raosoft Calculator. The study design was descriptive survey that allows the researcher to have an in-depth understanding of perception of the respondents. The sample size was calculated using a Raosoft calculator. The outcome of water services supplies at public secondary schools in Sokoto state, Nigeria divulged an overall basic service as 25.0%, the limited services recorded are 25.0%, and no services were recorded in 50.0% of the schools. Survey on level of sanitation has shown that 40.0% have basic sanitation, 20.0% have limited sanitation, and 40.0% have no sanitation services at all. The result showing the level of hygiene services indicates that, the secondary schools surveyed have 8.3% hygiene services, 25.0% have limited hygiene services, and 66.7% of the schools have no hygiene services at all. From this study, it has indicated that there are significantly poor wash services in public secondary schools in the state, and in turn could pose public health problems to the school actors (especially the youngsters, girls and women teachers), the surrounding public, and the entire society at large.