The role of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) as intermediate hosts in the transmission of Hymenolepis microps (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) from the willow ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus (Aves: Tetraonidae) (original) (raw)
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Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales
Research on ectoparasites in birds involving lice, mites, fleas, ticks, and flies has been intensifying in recent years (McAllister et al., 2018; Hasan, 2019). The importance of the studies of ectoparasites of birds includes different aspects among which the influence that they have on their hosts stands out, as well as the conditioning that can cause the parasitic load in the behavior, feeding, reproduction and migration of the birds (Clayton et al., 2010; Hicks et al., 2018). Chewing lice (Amblycera and Ischnocera) belonging to the order Phthiraptera are obligate and specific ectoparasites of birds and mammals (Parra-Henao et al.
Zootaxa, 2014
A total of 239 individuals of 50 bird species were examined for chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) in southern Vietnam. Fifty-six birds of 20 species were parasitised by 15 species of lice belonging to 10 genera from two suborders, Amblycera: Menacanthus, Meromenopon, Myrsidea, and Ischnocera: Alcedoecus, Brueelia, Cuculicola, Meropoecus, Penenirmus, Philopteroides and Philopterus. Thirteen louse samples from Passeriformes were identified to genus only because they contain inadequate material. A total of 29 host-louse associations were found, of which nine are new, including: (1) two new species of the genus Brueelia, which are described and named in this paper: Brueelia binhchauensis from Megalaima lineata (Vieillot, 1816) (Piciformes: Megalaimidae), and Brueelia malacocincla from Malacocincla abbotti Blyth, 1845 (Passeriformes: Pellorneidae); (2) first records of lice from Cyornis hainanus (Ogilvie-Grant, 1900); and (3) the first record of Myrsidea claytoni Hellenthal & Price, 2003 from Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos (Gmelin, 1788) (Passeriformes: Eurylaimidae), here regarded as a case of natural host-switching. A portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene for some species of chewing lice was sequenced in order to assess their genetic divergences.
Have mammals and their chewing lice diversified in parallel
2003
Chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Trichodectidae) are wingless, permanent ectoparasitic insects found exclusively on mammals. The speciation of specialized parasites such as chewing lice is often thought to be driven by the speciation of their hosts. This assumption has been formalised as Fahrenholz's Rule, which states that host and parasite phylogenies should be mirror images due to cospeciation.
Human lice : differenciation, phylogeographic distribution, host-switching and control
2014
Le pou de tête et le pou de corps sont deux écotypes indiscernables occupant chacun une niche écologique différente. Le pou de corps représente une menace réelle pour l'Homme en raison de son rôle de vecteur dans la transmission de trois maladies graves pour l'Homme à savoir: le typhus épidémique, la fièvre des tranchées et la fièvre récurrente. Dans cette thèse, nous avons obtenu des résultats concrets dans chacune des thématiques abordées. En effet, nous avons (i) mis en place un outil moléculaire qui permet de différencier pour la première fois entre le pou de tête et le pou de corps qui a montré efficacité sur le terrain, (ii) mis en évidence l'existence d'un nouveau clade mitochondrial (Clade D) renfermant des poux de tête et des poux de corps susceptible de vectoriser Bartonella quintana et Yersinia pestis, (iii) retracé les migrations humaines à travers l'analyse de poux anciens provenant de différentes périodes et localisations, (iv) démontré pour la prem...
Chewing lice (phthiraptera) from wild birds in Southern Portugal
This study was carried out to determine chewing louse species of wild birds in the Ria Formosa Natural Park, located in southern Portugal. In addition, the hypothesis that bird age, avian migration and social behaviour have an impact on the louse prevalence was tested. Between September and December of 2013, 122 birds (belonging to 10 orders, 19 families, 31 genera and 35 species) captured in scientific ringing sessions and admitted to the Wildlife Rehabilitation and Investigation Centre of Ria Formosa were examined for lice. Twenty-six (21.3%) birds were found to be infested with at least one chewing louse species. The chewing lice identified include 18 species. Colonial birds (34.9%) and migratory birds (29.5%) had statistically significant higher prevalence than territorial birds (6.8%) and resident birds (13.1%), respectively. This paper records 17 louse species for the first time in southern Portugal: Laemobothrion maximum, L. vulturis, Actornithophilus piceus lari, A. umbrinus, Austromenopon lutescens, Colpocephalum heterosoma, C. turbinatum, Eidmanniella pustulosa, Nosopon casteli, Pectinopygus bassani, Pseudomenopon pilosum, Trinoton femoratum, T. querquedulae, Craspedorrhynchus platystomus, Degeeriella fulva, Falcolipeurus quadripustulatus, Lunaceps schismatus. Also a nymph of the genus Strigiphilus was collected from an Eurasian eagle-owl. These findings contribute to the knowledge of avian chewing lice from important birds areas in Portugal.
2012
Aim To discover the origins of the lice, haemosporidian parasites and feather mites found on or in Gal apagos flycatchers (Myiarchus magnirostris), by testing whether they colonized the islands with the ancestors of M. magnirostris or if they were acquired by M. magnirostris after its arrival in the Gal apagos Islands. Location The Gal apagos Islands (Ecuador) and northwestern Costa Rica. Methods We collected lice, feather mites and blood samples from M. magnirostris on seven of the Gal apagos Islands (n = 254), and from its continental sister species, M. tyrannulus, in Costa Rica (n = 74), and identified them to species level using traditional taxonomy and DNA sequencing. Results The blood parasites from the two bird species were different: Plasmodium was found only in M. tyrannulus, while a few individuals of M. magnirostris were infected by Haemoproteus multipigmentatus from Gal apagos doves (Zenaida galapagoensis). Myiarchus tyrannulus was parasitized by three louse species, two of which (Ricinus marginatus and Menacanthus distinctus) were also found on Myiarchus magnirostris. We also collected one louse specimen from M. magnirostris, which was identified as Brueelia interposita, a species commonly found on finches and yellow warblers from the Gal apagos, but never recorded on M. tyrannulus. The richness of mite species was lower for M. magnirostris than for M. tyrannulus; all mite species or genera from M. magnirostris were also sampled on M. tyrannulus, but M. tyrannulus had two additional mite species. Main conclusions Our results revealed that two of the louse and three of the mite species we found on M. magnirostris are likely to have come to the archipelago with these birds' colonizing ancestors, but that one louse and one haemosporidian species were acquired from the Gal apagos bird community after the arrival of the M. magnirostris lineage. We also confirmed that, for closely related hosts, island mite richness was lower than on the continent.