Natural feeding of juveniles of Lutjanus peru (Nichols and Murphy, 1922) (Lutjanidae: Perciformes) off the coast of Jalisco and Colima, Mexico (original) (raw)
Related papers
Background. The Pacifi c red snapper, Lutjanus peru (Nichols et Murphy, 1922), is one of the most exploited species by artisanal fi sheries in Mexico, where it is valued due to its high catch rates and economic value. This study investigated the feeding habits of L. peru in two ecosystems of the southern Gulf of California with contrasting physical and oceanographic conditions. Feeding habits were compared by sex (male or female), size (juvenile or adult), and season (cold or warm), in order to determine whether this species plays the same trophic role in the two ecosystems. Materials and methods. Samples were obtained from the northern Sinaloa coast (SIN region) and southeastern Baja California Sur coast (BCS region). Percentages by number, weight, and frequency of each food category were determined, and the index of relative importance (%IRI) was calculated to defi ne the main food categories. Diet breadth and diet similarity between sexes, sizes and among seasons were also calculated. Results. A total of 182 stomachs from the SIN region were analysed and 32 prey items from 15 families, 18 genera, and 25 species were identifi ed. According to the index of relative importance (IRI), the most important prey items were the shrimp, Penaeus californiensis (73%); the ostracods, Myodocopida gen spp. (10%); and the squid, Loligo spp. (5%). A total of 233 stomachs from BCS were analysed and 31 prey items from 17 families, 19 genera, and 26 species were identifi ed. The most important prey items according to the IRI were the red pelagic crab, Pleuroncodes planipes (42%); the ostracods, Myodocopida gen spp. (28%); and the shrimp, Penaeus californiensis (20%). Signifi cant differences were identifi ed in the trophic spectra by region, size and season. There were no signifi cant differences by sex. Conclusion. Lutjanus peru displayed a specialist trophic behaviour, with differential utilization of the trophic niche and adequate food resource distribution.
2008
Our knowledge of deepwater ecosystems along the Pacific of Central America is extremely limited. We analyzed the diet composition of 200 adult specimens of Lophiodes spilurus ranging in size from 7.8 to 17.8 cm total length (TL). Samples were obtained from deep bottom trawls (depth: 105-238 m) along the central Pacific of Costa Rica. We calculated the percentage of number (% N), weight (% W), and occurrence (% O) of each food item encountered in the stomachs; based on this information, the Index of Relative Importance (IR) was calculated. Moreover, we estimated diet overlap for three different size classes (<10.1, 10.1-15.0 and >15.1 cm TL). The results revealed exclusively two groups of benthic prey items: crustaceans (30%) and teleost fish (70%) in their diet. The most frequent preys were pandalid shrimps Plesionika trispinus (% O = 17) and the fathom mora Physiculus rastrelliger (% O = 12). The greatest diversity and frequency of abundance of food items was observed in intermediate-sized individuals (10.1-15.0 cm TL). Small-sized L. spilurus (< 10.1 cm TL) fed mainly on teleost fish, while larger (> 15.0 cm TL) preyed on large-sized stomatopods and teleost fish. There was a clear diet overlap between small and intermediate-sized L. spilurus (p < 0.05). However, differences in diet-overlap were not detected in small and large-sized individuals or intermediate and large-sized specimens (p > 0.05). Our results suggest that L. spilurus feeds exclusively on crustaceans (Decapoda and Stomatopoda) and benthic teleost fish along the Pacific of Costa Rica. While small and large-sized individuals showed a more pronounced selectivity for certain prey items, the high diversity of benthic prey items observed in intermediatesized specimens suggest a more opportunistic foraging behavior. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (4): 1959-1970. Epub 2008
2015
The relative effect of seasonality and body size on the diet composition of juvenile Lutjanus synagris was investigated at a sheltered sandy beach (20º18'S; 40º16'W) on the coast of Espírito Santo state, Brazil. Monthly collections were carried out during the daytime from May 2004 to April 2005, using a beach seine. The specimens captured in each season (e.g. cold/dry, May to October 2004; hot/rainy, November 2004 to April 2005 were separated into three total length (TL) classes (≤ 40; 41-50; ≥ 51 mm). The stomach contents of 540 specimens with TL ranging from 22 to 135 mm were analyzed. Among the 13 food items consumed by L. synagris, the most important were Amphipoda (Index of Relative Importance, IRI = 81.2), Isopoda (IRI = 13.8) and Mysidacea (IRI = 4.4). Significant variations in the diet composition were observed between the seasons (PERMANOVA; P < 0.001), but not between the size classes (P = 0.170). There was, however, a significant interaction between these two factors (P<0.001), indicating that the differences between the seasons did not occur in every class. The most important items in the cold/dry and hot/rainy seasons were, respectively, Mysidacea and Amphipoda, for every class. The average length of the preys varied significantly (P<0.05) between the size classes, increasing progressively with the TL of the fishes. Overall, the results indicate a carnivore-opportunist food habit for L. synagris, with significant seasonal changes in the relative importance of the food items. EFEITOS RELATIVOS DA SAZONALIDADE E DO TAMANHO DO CORPO NA DIETA DE JUVENIS DE Lutjanus synagris (PERCIFORMES: LUTJANIDAE) EM UMA PRAIA ARENOSA NO SUDESTE DO BRASIL RESUMO O efeito relativo da sazonalidade e do tamanho do corpo na composição da dieta de juvenis de Lutjanus synagris foi avaliado em uma praia arenosa abrigada (20º18'S; 40º16'W) no litoral do estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Coletas mensais diurnas foram conduzidas no período de maio/04 a abril/05, usando uma rede de arrasto de praia. Os espécimes capturados em cada estação (fria/seca, maio a outubro de 2004; quente/chuvosa, novembro de 2004 a abril de 2005) foram separados em três classes de comprimento total (CT) (≤ 40; 41-50; ≥ 51 mm). O conteúdo estomacal de 540 espécimes com CT variando de 22 a 135 mm foi analisado. Entre os treze itens alimentares descritos para a dieta de L. synagris, os mais importantes foram Amphipoda (Índice de Importância Relativa, IIR = 81,2), Isopoda (IIR = 13,8) e Mysidacea (IIR = 4,4). Variações significativas na dieta foram observadas entre as estações do ano (PERMANOVA; P<0,001), mas não entre as classes de tamanho (P = 0,170). Houve, porém, uma interação significativa entre estes dois fatores (P<0,001), indicando que as diferenças entre as estações não ocorreram em todas as classes. Os itens mais importantes nas estações fria/seca e quente/chuvosa foram, respectivamente, Mysidacea e Amphipoda, para todas as classes. O tamanho médio das presas variou significativamente (P<0,05) entre as classes de tamanho, aumentando progressivamente com o CT dos peixes. No geral, os resultados indicam que L. synagris têm um hábito alimentar carnívoro-oportunista e muda sua dieta ao longo do ano. Palavras chave: hábito alimentar; dinâmica trófica; Actinopterygii; praia abrigada; oceano Atlântico Artigo Científico: Recebido em 09/01/
Ciencias Marinas, 2002
Stomach contents analysis was used to describe quantitatively the feeding habits of Lutjanus guttatus. A total of 239 organisms with fork lengths between 12 and 55 cm were collected monthly from February 1993 to January 1995 in the coast of Guerrero. This species consumed a wide variety of prey organisms, mainly small fishes (index of relative importance, IIR = 67.46%) of the families Engraulidae, Clupeidae and Bregmacerotidae. Crustaceans, represented by Reptantia, Natantia and Stomatopoda, were consumed less (IIR = 30.94%). The composition of the diet varied as a function of the fish size. Seasonal and sexual differences in the diet were not significant.
Feeding ecology of juvenile marine fish in a shallow coastal lagoon of southeastern Mexico
Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 2017
Many species of marine fish use coastal lagoons during early stages of their life cycles due to the protection provided by their turbid waters and complex structure of the environment, such as mangroves and mudflats, and the availability of food derived from the high productivity of these sites. In this study, we analyzed the diet of six species of juvenile marine fishes that use a karstic lagoon system in the northwest portion of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Through stomach contents analysis we determined the trophic differences among Caranx latus, Oligoplites saurus, Trachinotus falcatus, Synodus foetens, Lutjanus griseus, and Strongylura notata. C. latus, O. saurus, S. foetens, and S. notate, which are ichthyophagous species (>80% by number). L. griseus feeds mainly on crustaceans (>55%) and fish (35%), while T. falcatusfeeds on mollusks (>50% bivalves, >35% gastropods). The analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed differences in the diet of all species. Cluster ana...
Ciencias Marinas
A total of 293 stomachs of adult flounders, Paralichthys orbignyanus, were analyzed from the catch of artisanal fisheries that operate in Rocha Lagoon, Uruguay. Flounders between 25 and 64 cm total length showed that 119 individuals (40.61%) had content in their stomachs, the silverside Odontesthes argentinensis being the main prey item. Significant variations were observed between size classes. Cannibalism was less than 3% of total prey items and occurred within the 46–56 cm size class. Significant and positive trends were observed between the length of the silverside and the total length of the flounder, but a low percentage of the variability in prey size (<47%) was explained by the predator size. The specialized and selective diet of P. orbignyanus adults is considered to be typical of active piscivore predators and visual fish feeders. The state of prey digestion (in relatively fresh condition or in the beginning of digestion), the moment of catch and the low feeding index ...
Food habits and feeding ecology of an estuarine fish assemblage of northern Pacific Coast of Ecuador
2008
In order to analyze trophic relationships occurring within an estuarine fish assemblage in northern Ecuador, 271 stomachs from 12 species were examined. Percent by number (%N) was used to establish trophic organization applying Levins' dietary breadth, Pianka's dietary overlap index and diet Bray Curtis Coefficient to evaluate interespecific relationships. Two planktophagous and 10 carnivorous species were defined with low dietary breadth; the former are species whose diet is based mainly on diatoms. The latter is largely composed by predators of fishes, decapods larvae, shrimps, crabs, polychaetes and bivalves. Of 66 possible dietary overlaps, two were found statistically significant and three functional groups were established. The first one composed by shrimps and mantis shrimp consumption, the second one distinguished by plankton feeders and the third one made up with species, which fed upon shrimps and crabs. These preliminary results suggest partitioning of food resources among these 12 estuarine species, which may favor their coexistence.
2021
The spotted rose snapper, Lutjanus guttatus (Steindachner, 1869), is an important resource for the coastal fisheries of the Gulf of California, mainly due to its high commercial value. Despite this, there are no management measures for this species, owing in part to a lack of information on its basic biology and its trophic ecology in the area. In this context, the presently reported study had as objective to describe the feeding habits of L. guttatus through stomach content analyses, as well as to describe possible changes linked to sex, size, and season. Specimens were caught monthly from June 2016 to September 2017 with gillnets in Santa Rosalía, BCS, Mexico. The abundance, weight, and frequency of occurrence of each prey were assessed, and these parameters were integrated into the index of relative importance (%IRI) to determine the importance of each prey item in the L. guttatus diet. The Levin’s index was used to assess the trophic niche width of the species, the feeding strat...
Rev. Biol. Mar. …, 2010
Resumen.-Se estudian algunos aspectos biológicos de Lutjanus peru (Pisces: Lutjanidae) recolectado en la Bahía Bufadero, Michoacán, México. El análisis de escamas permitió identificar cuatro anillos de crecimiento, valores similares fueron obtenidos por medio de los estimadores de densidad de Kernel. Los resultados de la ecuación de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy obtenidos por el método lineal simple fueron: L ∞ = 81,12 cm, W ∞ = 4.839 g, K= 0,24 años -1 y t o = -0,39 años. Los máximos valores del índice de repleción y del factor de condición ocurren durante los meses de febrero, abril y junio. Los periodos de máxima reproducción ocurren durante los meses de febrero y agosto. Los periodos de reclutamiento al área son de enero a julio para los nacidos en agosto, y de agosto a diciembre para los nacidos en febrero. El tamaño de reclutamiento al arte de pesca es de 18 cm. El índice gonadosomático muestra una relación inversamente proporcional en relación al índice hepatosomático. La longitud corporal de L. peru en su primera madurez sexual es de 25,45 cm y su longevidad es de 12 años. El 65,84% de la pesca en Bahía Bufadero es de organismos sexualmente inmaduros, por lo que se propone como talla mínima de captura una longitud de 45 cm (edad 3 años) y un periodo de veda para agosto y septiembre.