A correlation between the capacity of cavity formation and the subsequent differentiation of teratocarcinoma embryoid body lines (original) (raw)
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Induction of Myocardiogenesis from Mouse Teratocarcinoma
Development, Growth and Differentiation, 1978
Cells of the isolated embryoid body line, SEBIII, differentiate predominantly into pulsating cardiac muscle cells in vitro, after intraperitoneal passage before the cells are transferred into the culture medium. Quantitative analysis of rnyocardiogenesis in vitro revealed that the intraperitoneal passage induces myocardiogenesis in the embryoid bodies, while culturing in vitro after the passage is related to the occurrence of spontaneous pulsation which is the phenotypic expression of cardiac muscles: The possibility that this teratocarcinoma system offers a way of studying the control mechanism operating in normal embryonic myocardiogenesis is discussed.
Development, Growth and Differentiation, 1978
A characteristic in vitro cell line, SEBIII, was isolated from the mouse teratocarcinoma OlT6050. The SEBIII line, which maintains the structure of the embryoid body, grows rapidly in suspension culture. The chromosome number is near diploid. SEBIII cells, which were transferred to the peritoneal cavity of 129/Sv strain mice and left for one week, differentiated into several tissues in the subsequent in vitro culture. Of the tissues differentiated, the most dominant was the spontaneously pulsating muscle cells. Electron microscopic observations of these muscle cells revealed the presence of myofilaments with Z bands and intercalated disks. The nature of the factor@) which induce the differentiation of SEBIII EB into cardiac muscle cells is discussed. Addendum: While this manuscript was in preparation, an article by H. Bustan and A. Herz (Dev. Biol., 59, 1-11, 1977) reported electron microscopic observations of the BMC which revealed that the cardiac muscle differentiation from mouse teratocarcinoma bore a close similarity to the normal embryonic myocardiogenesis.
The development of cystic embryoid bodies in vitro from clonal teratocarcinoma stem cells
Developmental Biology, 1977
Certain clonal teratocarcinoma stem cell lines can be maintained in the undifferentiated state or can be stimulated to differentiate by a simple alteration in the culture conditions. In these cultures, differentiation occurs in a clearly definable, relatively synchronous sequence of events, as the entire cell population participates in the process of "cystic embryoid body" formation. We have studied the morphological changes that occur during this process. The pattern of development in the embryoid bodies is remarkably similar to that in normal mouse embryogenesis up to the time of formation of the third germ layer, the mesoderm. Whereas, in some embryoid bodies, mesoderm appears to form in a relatively normal manner, in moat it apparently arises by a process which has not previously been described. These results are discussed in comparison with similar studies on the development of isolated mouse inner cell masses in vitro.
Experimental Cell Research, 1983
Undifferentiated embryonal carcinoma cells (EC cells) in the embryoid bodies isolated from mouse teratocarcinoma contained nucleolus-like bodies (NLBs) of smaller sizes in their cytoplasm (their sectional area averaged about 0.036 micrometers2). At the onset of EC cell differentiation, the average sectional area of NLBs significantly increased (about 0.107 micrometers2). When EC cells had differentiated into mesenchymal cells and endothelial cells of primitive blood vessels, NLBs decreased dramatically both in size and number. The possible role of NLBs in the differentiation process of EC cells is discussed.
Growth and differentiation of an embryonal carcinoma cell line (C145b)
Development, 1979
Several cell and tumour lines were isolated from a single-embryo-derived teratocarcinoma and their karyotypes and differentiation in adult hosts recorded. The majority of cells contained normal karyotypes by banding. The cells were injected into blastocysts and although they sometimes colonized the yolk sac, they never colonized the embryo. Thus the possession of a normal karyotype is not a sufficient condition for embryo colonization. The loss of growth capacity was investigated by studying differentiation and tumourigenicity in a variety of circumstances. The change in appearance from an EC cell morphology to a big flat cell in culture leads to retardation of growth in adult hosts. When EC cells are injected into a blastocyst, the ability to grow progressively both in culture and in adult hosts is lost.
Ultrastructural differentiation of a clonal human embryonal carcinoma cell line in vitro
Cancer research, 1983
A cloned human embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell line 2102Ep derived from a testicular teratocarcinoma was characterized by means of electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. These EC cells when plated at high cell density grow mostly as undifferentiated cells displayed relatively little pleomorphism. Eighty-five to 90% of these cells contain keratin in the form of peridesmosomal tonofilaments. Cell populations of the same clonal line plated at a low cell density contain, in addition to undifferentiated EC cells, large cells displaying complex cytoplasmic architecture, more complex junctions, and intracytoplasmic keratin in the form of bundles. Some of these cells also react with antibodies to human chorionic gonadotropin indicative of trophoblastic differentiation. Furthermore, some cells form "morules" which are multicellular aggregates composed of a core of EC cells and an attenuated, more differentiated outer cell layer. These data thus point out not only some similari...
Developmental Biology, 1978
Protein patterns of mouse teratocarcinoma stem cells were compared, by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, with those of early embryo cells. These malignant cells were known from previous experiments (B. Mintz and K. Ilhnensee, 1975, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 72, 3585-3589) to be capable of conversion to normalcy and of contributing to embryogenesis when introduced into a blastocyst. The protein comparisons were intended to reveal whether totipotent teratocarcinoma cells most nearly resemble normal totipotent cells of a specific stage, as a possible clue to their developmental origins. A simple method was devised for the purpose of generally facilitating comparisons of two-dimensional gels, among which technical variations commonly alter the absolute positions of individual proteins. This variation was normalized by the use of a reference constellation, or a network of lines connecting shared landmark proteins identified in alI the gels. Whereas the network may undergo topological change from one gel to another, it continues to provide a readily recognized standard of reference. Protein patterns displayed many similarities and some differences, hence nonidentity, between teratocarcinoma cells and all normal preimplantation embryo stages tested, as well as between the various embryo stages themselves. The results also unexpectedly disclosed, however, that changed physiological states or posttranslational alterations may contribute significantly to some of the protein differences irrespective of the developmental status or potentialities of the cells. For example, in the OTT 6050 teratocsrcinoma transplant line, pure teratocarcinoma cell groups ("cores") found in the ascites fluid synthesized several proteins not expressed when the cores were enveloped (in embryoid bodies) by a yolk saclike epithelium; yet the core cells from both sources form comparable tumors if injected subcutaneously and are able to undergo differentiation if injected into blastocysts. In another comparison, some proteins that were present in inner cell masses isolated from blastocysts were absent in intact blastocysts, possibly because of their modification by the surrounding trophoblast in the latter case. These observations imply that protein differences between embryo regions or stages, however real, are not necessarily relevant for an evaluation of their developmental prospects.