Container maritime transport on an international scale: data envelopment analysis for transhipment port (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Business Performance Management, 2012
The purpose of this paper is to assess the performance of the main Iberian container terminals in terms of efficiency. In this research are used multiple case studies to investigate the performance of ten Iberian terminals of different sizes and with different characteristics to rank them in terms of efficiency applying the recursive DEA with Kohonen Self-Organisation Maps (KSOM). The results evidence that the container terminals do have different performance levels and they present different patterns of efficiency. Moreover, the findings allow identifying the better competitor in this industry. This research contributes for policy-makers, seaport authorities, dealers, and researchers to support their decision making and to help define future decision policies in seaport industry. The results are very opportune in actual debate about the seaport industry competitiveness and how the seaports could improve their efficiency.
A Survey of Data Envelopment Analysis in Container Terminals
Mersin University Journal of Maritime Faculty, 2020
In recent years, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique has been used quite frequently in determining container terminal efficiency. When the studies reviewed, conducted on the subject in the recent past, it is seen that the details such as the parameter on which the activity model focuses, sample selection, sample size and input-output selection have not yet been clarified enough, additionally, problems and confusion are encountered in practice. In this study, a critical analysis was carried out regarding the determinations in the use of the DEA technique, which is frequently used in the measurement of container terminal efficiency, and on which issues should be considered in order to establish the model better. In the consequences of the study, it was seen that data accessibility was an obstacle to reaching more robust results in efficiency analysis. It is very important to make evaluations between ports that are close to each other in terms of regional or infrastructure, demand and technological development in order to obtain more reliable and consistent results. Moreover, future studies should consider reliable inputs such as the number of equipment in the terminal that divided by two group, the terminal area, maximum depth, pier length.
Efficiency Measurement of US Ports Using Data Envelopment Analysis
Container transportation plays a key role in the process largely because of the numerous technical and economic advantages it provides over traditional methods of water transportation. Compared with traditional port operations, containerization has greatly improved performance of port production. Many container ports no longer enjoy the freedom yielded by a monopoly over the handling of cargo from within their vicinity. Instead, not only they are concerned with whether they can physically handle cargo, but also whether they can compete for that cargo. This paper aims to analyze port productivity using Data Envelopment Analysis technique. Two main results are presented. First, an efficient frontier or a set of the best practice ports is identified, which inefficient ports may want to emulate. Second, the sources and extent of inefficiency on which an inefficient port should focus in order to improve their operations are determined.
The Applicability of Data Envelopment Analysis to the Benchmarking of Container Terminals
Many papers have appeared recently on container terminal benchmarking, based on public data, using Data Envelopment Analysis. This paper compares some of the recent benchmarking studies, compares them with own results based on primary data of large terminals obtained from APM and PSA and shows that results differ strongly. There are several causes for these differences: (1) inaccuracy of the public data used, (2) studies in literature compare different terminal types, (3) terminals of different scale are compared, and (4) terminals are mixed with ports. In practice, companies use mainly ratio scales as DEA studies exclude some vital variables influencing performance. It therefore only leads to partial insight and does not really help to improve performance. We conclude that DEA may be appropriate for container terminal benchmarking, but only if better quality and additional input and output data can be obtained. In its application, the analysis should be controlled for terminal types.
The efficiency of European container ports: A cross-sectional data envelopment analysis
International Journal of Logistics, 2006
This paper focuses on measuring the efficiency of container terminals in Europe using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. Container terminals in Europe play an important role in the region's economic development and, as the result of their geographic concentration, face fierce competition compared with the rest of the world. Despite this, studies of the efficiency of container terminals in the region are minimal. As a basis for further research, this paper serves to supplement existing studies by deriving estimates of relative efficiency for a sample comprising 69 of Europe's container terminals with annual throughput of over 10,000 TEUs. The scale properties of container terminal production are also considered as part of the study, as is the relationship of efficiency to geographical influence.
Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2001
Available studies have not provided a satisfactory answer to the problem of making international comparisons of port eciency. This study applies data envelopment analysis (DEA) to provide an eciency measurement for four Australian and twelve other international container ports. While DEA has been applied to a wide number of dierent situations where eciency comparisons are required, this technique has not previously been applied to ports. The DEA technique is useful in resolving the measurement of port eciency because the calculations are non-parametric, can handle more than one output and do not require an explicit a priori determination of relationships between output and inputs, as is required for conventional estimation of eciency using production functions. The ports of Melbourne, Rotterdam, Yokohama and Osaka are found to be the most inecient ports in the sample, based on constant and variable returns to scale assumptions, mainly due to the enormous slack in their container berths, terminal area and labor inputs. The study also draws some policy implications for ports and recommends certain areas for future research. Ó
International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 2008
As growth in international trade slowed down in the recent years, intermodal traffic volume declined and subsequently led to reduction in demand for container services. The reduced demand in container services and the ongoing glut of container port facilities throughout the world have sparked fierce competition among international container terminals. In an effort to help port authorities develop a winning strategy in the increasingly competitive container market, this paper develops a meaningful set of benchmarks that will set the standard for best practices. In particular, we propose a hybrid data envelopment analysis (DEA)/simulation model that is designed to evaluate the relative efficiency of container terminal operations. To illustrate the usefulness of the proposed hybrid DEA/simulation model, we used the real examples of major container terminals in South Korea.
Relative efficiencies of seaport container terminals: a DEA perspective
International Journal of Integrated Supply Management, 2005
With the rapid growth of containerisation in world maritime trade, container terminals have undertaken heavier tasks and more important roles to achieve better service quality and agility in the supply chain. Container terminals operate in a fierce competitive environment of international character. Their rivals are their neighbouring ports/seaport terminals, and/or similar facilities within their hinterlands. To accomplish the competitive advantage in global shipping, port managers have undertaken more effort continuously to improve their terminal productivity. However, to sustain competition in their favour it is also essential for managers to undertake benchmarking with the competing terminals. The aim of this paper is to guide port managers to benchmark their organisational performances with their competitors; thereby making necessary arrangements to use their resources more effectively. In this connection, 10 seaport terminals lyingon the coast of the Sea of Marmara and the Mediterranean rim are taken as decision-making units and data envelopment analysis (DEA) is applied to measure and evaluate their relative performances.
Logistics & Sustainable Transport, 2015
Seaport efficiency and productivity are the critical factors for handling of goods in the international supply chains and plays an important role in trade exchange with other countries. It is important to evaluate efficiency and productivity of seaports to reflect their status and reveal their position in competitive environment. The main purpose of this article is to use Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Productivity Index to measure the technical efficiency and total factor productivity of container ports. DEA analysis enables one to assess how efficiently a seaports uses the available inputs to generate a set of outputs relative to other units in the data set. This article presents the use CCR and BCC DEA model, to determine overall technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of container ports. The analysis gives a possibility to create a efficiency ranking of seaports. The study also applies the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI), which was used t...
Evaluating the Operational Efficiencies of Turkish Passenger Ports with Data Envelopment Analysis
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Quantitative measures have traditionally been used to measure and evaluate port efficiency. The objective of this research is to measure the operational efficiencies of 6 Turkish passenger ports comparatively. To do this, researchers defined some financial and operational metrics which determine the efficiency and used the data envelopment analysis (DEA) to compare efficiencies. The paper ranks these passenger ports according to their operational efficiency for 2010. Based on analysis results, the paper compares the passenger ports’ efficiencies and makes suggestions about how to improve the inefficiencies.