Utilization of Steel-Making Dust in Drilling Fluids Formulations (original) (raw)
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Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies, 2021
The most important constituents of drilling operation success is keeping the drillingfluid rheological properties within a certain limit to maintain continuity of theirfunctions in a good manner. To achieve that, the drilling mud system needs continuousand direct supervision such as measuring its rheological properties and treating anydeviation in their values. Viscosity is the most important property in hydraulic programsuccess due to its direct relation with a bottom hole cleaning during well drilling, thusrelated with the drilling rate, so this property should be kept essentially to ensurebottom hole cleaning and high drilling rate at the same time.Some chemicals should be added to the mud system to keep both viscosity and otherproperties within certain standards and the required limit ,the high cost of suchchemicals increase both the metric cost and the final cost of such wells.The aim of this research is to test the physical and chemical properties of a localmaterial, as a thin...
This report concerns the analysis of the basic techniques of formulating, testing and studying the properties of drilling fluid in contamination with different material encountered during drilling process. This report consists of six chapters with four experiments for measuring the physical properties of drilling fluid such as mud weight (density), rheology (viscosity, gel strength, yield point) sand content, wall building and filtration characteristics. The first chapter consists of introduction and theoretical principals of the experiment. The first experiment was about measurement of mud properties (viscosity density and pH). The second experiment was on mud properties test particularly control of mud weight. This is divided into two parts, Part A was about effect of adding bentonite on mud properties for fresh and salt water base mud and part B was about the effect of adding weight material (barite). It was observed that the viscosity and mud weight increases on the addition of salt to the fresh water mud. Also the addition of barite to the mud affects only mud weight but not viscosity because barite doesn’t have flocculating or deflocculating properties The third experiment was about drilling fluid contamination test. In this test we were studying the effect of contamination of monovalent chemicals (NaCl and KCl) and divalent chemicals that cause contamination are calcium sulfate (CaSO4), cement (Ca(OH)2, and Gypsum (CaSO4-2H2O). It was observed that Sodium chloride increases density of the drilling mud as well as the viscosity of mud since it is flocculant. Cement has a tendency of absorbing water from the mud and increase viscosity, but cement seems to have no any impact on mud weight. Experiment 4 was on determination of sand content of the drilling mud. This is a simple test designed to measure the level of particles in the mud of greater that 200 mesh or 75 microns. From the results obtained in this test and the general field experience shows that the sand content must not be permitted to rise above 2%, otherwise wear on pumps and tubulars will be the result. Any increase in sand content must be investigated since it is often an indication of poor solids removal efficiency.
Filtration is used in many industries to separate water from the solid. It is important to find fluid loss in drilling, cementing, fracturing, and almost every other type of downhole treatment design. The filter cake characterization is very essential for well selection of drilling fluid problems and formation damage. Therefore this study is taken up to experimentally investigate the effect of different concentrations of CMC, Starch, Wood fibers, Soda ash, Caustic soda, Bentonite and Barite on filtration loss and formation damages. Three different samples are used in this study at different concentration and a comparison is made. Although the discussion presented here is confined to fluid loss during drilling. Water-based drilling mud's including Bentonite is well-known and is being widely used in the petroleum industry. Among the important functions of water-based drilling fluid were to form filter cake on the wall of the well bore, prevent water leakage, and maintain the stability of the well wall. The properties of the water-based drilling fluid, such as the rheology and filtration loss, are affected by the fluid loss additive. Polymers, which are nontoxic, degradable, and environment friendly, are the best choice to be used as drilling fluids additives.
Effects of Solid Contents and Various Additives in Drilling Fluids
The project is done to study about the effects of solid contents and various additives in drilling fluids. The objectives of this project work were to determine the Viscosity & Density of Mud Additive (Barite BASO4 specific gravity :4.10 ~ 4.20), while STPP(sodium tri-polyphosphate Na 5 P 3 O 10) is Viscosifier.The scope of this project is limited to Water based muds only.
An Experimental Study on Particle Sizing of Natural Substitutes for Drilling Fluid Applications
Particle-size distribution (PSD) is an important tool to evaluate the potential use of samples and influences how well these aggregates function in an engineering project. Sieve analysis is a technique to determine the PSD by shaking the material through a nest of sieves and weighing the residue left on each sieve and the pan. Appropriate amount of fine particles in a drilling fluid indicates a firm filter cake which retards invasion of the drilling fluid into the formation and helps in maintaining the borehole stability. This study proposes three naturally available elements (which are date seeds, grass ash and powdered grass) as possible ingredients in the drilling mud. The technique is based on the sample’s particle size distribution to develop a sustainable drilling fluid which is environmentally friendly and cost effective. A comparison is made between the three proposed additives to select the finest amongst them. Results show that all three samples contained fine particles. However, the grass ash sample has the highest weight percent of fine particles followed by powdered grass and date seeds. This substantiates the author’s choice to use these three proposed natural elements as additives in the drilling fluid.