Sea turtle species of the Southeast Asian countries (original) (raw)
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STATUS OF MARINE TURTLES IN SOME SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES: A REVIEW
2023
Globally, population of marine turtles has been affecting due to an array of some natural and anthropogenic threats. Seven marine turtle species viz. Hawksbill, Olive ridley, Kemp's ridley, Loggerhead, Leatherback, Flatback and Green turtle have been distributed throughout the world. Six species spend life in Indian Ocean South East Asian region except Kemp's ridley, found in Gulf of Mexico. Nesting of Olive ridley is largely reported in mainland of Indian coastal areas, while Hawksbill in Iran; Islands of Persian Gulf and Oman coast. Pakistan coast provides nesting sites to Green turtle, however Hawksbill and Olive ridley have not been reported since 2003 and 2004 respectively. Loggerhead and Leatherback were reported by fishermen in rookeries but further study is required to identify these species in Pakistan. Currently, Olive ridley nesting is not reported in Karachi coast. Bycatch and gill netting are common threats to marine turtles. Disturbance due to tourism is another issue needs to be addressed. Habitat alteration, harvesting of eggs, pollution, development and anthropogenic activities cause non-nesting behaviour in some marine turtle species previously reported for nesting. Climate change impact on nesting is not drastic but sex ratio is affected. National and international laws have been playing significant role for the conservation of marine turtle species. Research studies about marine turtle has relatively been advanced in Thailand, India, Malaysia and Sultanate of Oman among Asian countries, meanwhile regular monitoring program to provide accurate population trends throughout nesting points but has not been conducted in many countries. IUCN and WWF have also been playing important role in conservation of marine turtles in our region.
Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia Mydas): a Historical Review With Relevance to Population Size in Sarawak
International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) are using selected Sarawak sandy beaches for nesting. Its small-scale conservation efforts have started since the 1950s. However, the success of the effort is still debatable. Moreover, public participation in the conservation effort is still at an infancy stage. This study involved analysing nesting data of green turtles of Sarawak Turtle Islands (STIs) in terms of numbers of turtle landing, eggs collected, eggs incubated, and eggs hatched for Sarawak’s green turtle population from 1949 to 2016 with addition of estimation of the egg-laying females and their remigration interval. There was a sharp decline in terms of number of turtle landings from 1949 to the 1970s. The exact cause of this pattern could only be confirmed from old articles of historical value due to limited information on the events happening during those 30 years period. From 1980 to 2016, the annual nesting trend of turtles on STIs shows irregular fluctuation pattern and remigrati...
2008
1 – Turtle Strategy Leader, WWF Coral Triangle Initiative and Lecturer at Udayana University, FKH – UNUD, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran 8000, Bali, Indonesia. Email: wadnyana@wwf.or.id 2 –WWF Coral Triangle Initiative Leader, JL. Petitenget No. 22 Seminyak 80361 Bali, Indonesia. Email: Lpet@wallacea.wwf.or.id 3 –Turtle Specialist, WWF Indonesia, JL. Petitenget No. 22 Seminyak 80361 Bali, Indonesia. Email: geoffgearheart@gmail.com 4 – Conservation Manager, WWF-TNC Joint Program. Jl. Pulau Derawan No. 77. Tanjung Redeb, Berau 77311, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Email: Mhalim@wwf.or.id
Marine turtles in Malaysia: On the verge of extinction?
Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 2006
Four species of marine turtles (leatherback, green turtle, hawksbill and olive ridley) are found in Malaysia. Current statistics indicate that the leatherback and olive ridley turtles are on the verge of extinction in Malaysia; while other species, excluding the green turtles of the Sabah Turtle Islands, are in steady decline. Consumptive utilization in the form of egg exploitation until recently, took place mainly in Terengganu. Turtles are also being used to promote tourism in Terengganu and Sabah. Population decline is attributed to a long history of egg exploitation, commercial hunting and harvesting of marine turtles in neighbouring countries, fishing mortality, loss of nesting habitats, marine pollution, negative impacts of tourism and the lack of a national strategy on marine turtle conservation. Marine turtle conservation efforts in Malaysia are not lacking, but need to be upgraded and coordinated. Legislation among the various states of Malaysia should be harmonized to ensu...
Tropical life sciences research, 2012
The Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) and Olive Ridley Turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) are the only sea turtles with recorded landings in the Pulau Pinang coastal area. The Green Turtle has been the most abundant and widely distributed sea turtle in this area since it was first surveyed in 1995. Statistical analysis by the Pulau Pinang Department of Fisheries on the distribution of sea turtles from 2001 through 2009 has identified Pantai Kerachut and Telok Kampi as the most strongly preferred beaches for Green Turtle landings, with records for almost every month in every year. Green Turtle tracks and nests have also been found along the coast of Pulau Pinang at Batu Ferringhi, Tanjong Bungah, Pantai Medan, Pantai Belanda, Telok Kumbar, Gertak Sanggul, Moonlight Beach, Telok Duyung, Telok Aling, Telok Bahang and Telok Katapang. The Olive Ridley Turtle is present in smaller numbers; landing and nesting have only been recorded on a few beaches. There are no previous records of Olive Ridley ...
Sea Turtles in Vietnam: On the Edge of Extinction
Journal of Life Sciences, 2015
Five species of foraging and breeding sea turtles have been identified in Vietnam, they are Green turtle (Chelonia mydas), Loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta), Olive ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea), Hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) and Leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea). Among them, with the exception of Loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta), four species have been being lay eggs on the beaches along the country. However, these populations have been strongly suffered by human activities for decades. The number of foraging and breeding Hawksbill and Leatherback sea turtles has dramatically decreased, and Olive Ridley turtle has almost disappeared on their traditional nesting beaches. Beside the reason of harvesting eggs and nesting turtles by catch or by purpose, the developments in coastal areas where sea turtles laying eggs such as in shrimp aquaculture, tourist resort and residential area developments etc., also contributed to this decline of sea turtles. Despite the fact that the recent raising awareness programs on protection and conservation of the sea turtle were very well done with the participation of many organizations and provinces, this important animals still face the risk of extinction in Vietnam.
Sea turtle landing and distribution in aceh jaya district
2023
Lepidochelys olivacea) and Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) turtles inhabit these coastal areas. Nisero beach, Kuta Tuha Village, Panga Sub-District, recorded the highest nest count (12 nests) with both Leatherback and Olive Ridley turtles. Seunebok Padang beach, Seunebok Padang Village, Teunom Sub-District, had the lowest count (2 Olive Ridley turtle nests). Aroen Meubanja beach is the only one with protected status, while the remaining eight face the threat of egg poaching. Unprotected beaches are at high risk, emphasizing the importance of conservation for sea turtle survival and the local economy, particularly through tourism development. Beyond Aceh Jaya, Indonesia features other significant sea turtle nesting sites, like Pangumbahan beach in West Java and Wairundi Island and Venu Island in West Papua Province. The study evaluates various beach characteristics, including width and slope, influencing sea turtle nesting activities. Sediment analysis reveals predominant medium sand textures in Aceh Jaya District, contributing to suitable nesting conditions and emphasizing the need for targeted conservation efforts.