Effects of Essential Oils on Growth, Feeding and Food Utilization of Spodoptera littoralis Larvae (original) (raw)
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Insecticidal activity of some essential oils against larvae of Spodoptera littoralis
Fitoterapia, 2005
Thirty-four essential oils were tested for insecticidal activity (fumigation or topical application) against larvae Spodoptera littoralis. Twenty essential oils applied by fumigation were highly toxic to the third instar of S. littoralis larvae. Two essential oils Nepeta cataria and Thuja occidentalis were highly toxic, with LC 50 V 10.0 ml/m 3. Five essential oils Salvia sclarea, Thymus mastichina, Origanum majorana, Pogostemon cablin and Mentha pulegium were toxic with LC 50 between 10.1 and 20.0 l ml/m 3. Twentythree essential oils were highly toxic to the third instar of S. littoralis larvae after topical application. Eight essential oils Mentha citrata, N. cataria, S. sclarea, O. vulgare, O. compactum, Melissa officinalis, T. mastichina, and Lavandula angustifolia were highly toxic with LD 50 V 0.05 Al/larvae.
Journal of Plant Protection Research, 2013
Medicinal plant species were tested for their fumigant activity against Spodoptera littoralis third instar larvae. Responses varied according to plant species and parts used. For the present investigation, volatile oils were obtained from: Foeniculum vulgare (flowers and seeds), Coriandrum sativum (seeds), Daucus carota (flowers), Pelargonium graveolens (leaves and flowers), Origanum majorana (leaves and flowers), and Salvia officinalis (leaves). Fumigant activity was observed after 24 hours of exposure. All essential oils were proved to be toxic to the third instar larvae. However, the highest mortality was observed in the essential oil of S. officinalis leaves, C. sativum seeds, F. vulgare seeds, D. carota flowers, and O. majorana leaves with LC50 = 23.050 μl/l air, 68.925 μl/l air, 95.075 μl/l air, 99.300 μl/l air, and 100.925 μl/l air, respectively. Other oils showed an LC50 between 101 and 183 μl/l air.
Physiological Entomology, 2012
The relationship between chemical composition and feeding deterrent activity of seven essential oils is explored, including those from Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry (Myrtaceae), Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraceae), Lavendula latifolia (L.) Medicus, Lavendula angustifolia L., Mentha crispa L., Mentha arvensis L. and Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae) against an important agricultural pest, the cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni Hübner, Noctuidae), using a leaf-disc choice bioassay. Comparison of the deterrent activity of 'full mixtures' with respective artificial blends missing individual constituents demonstrates that, for most oils, minor constituents in a mixture can be as important as major constituents with respect to the overall feeding deterrent effect. There is a lack of correlation between the feeding deterrent effect of an individual constituent of an essential oil and its contribution to the overall activity of the 'full mixture' in some cases. The effect of removing an individual constituent from the mixture of an essential oil depends on the unique properties of the mixture, which in turn may reflect the interaction of its constituents. Understanding the role and contribution of each constituent to the overall activity of the oil can facilitate the creation of artificial blends that optimize their efficacy against different pests.
Biological Activities of Essential Oils on Insects
Synthetic pesticides have been considered the most effective and accessible means to control insect pests. However, there is a global concern about synthetic insecticides negative impact on ozone, environmental pollution, toxicity to non-target organisms, and pesticidal residues. The adverse effects of synthetic pesticides have amplified the need for effective and biodegradable pesticides. Essential oils and their constituents have been considered as natural agents against insect pests. Essential oils are renewable, non-persistent in the environment and relatively safe to non-target organisms and humans. This chapter discusses the insecticidal, feeding deterrence, repellency, oviposition and progeny production, growth inhibition and even attractant activities of these compounds to a wide range of insect pests. Results demonstrated that essential oils and their main components could be applicable to the management of insect pests to decrease ecologically detrimental effects of synthe...
Phytoparasitica, 1987
A distillate of the essential oil of the rhizomes of Indian calamus (Acorus calamus L.) and seed oil of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) were evaluated as emulsified foliage sprays against Spodoptera litura (F.) larvae. A dose-response relationship of both oils was established using food acceptance, feeding ratio, weight gain and larval development as parameters in choice and no-choice tests. Calamus oil at the 0.5% and 1.0% concentrations was effective in both tests in inducing significant feeding deterrence and growth inhibition in early 3rd instar larvae. Neem oil had such an effect only at 2%, particularly in no-choice tests. The significance of these findings in the context of the possible action of calamus oil on gustatory receptors is discussed.
Chilean journal of agricultural research, 2020
The alternative use of plant essential oils as pesticide, repellent and/or antifeedant has been emphasized as an important tool in integrated pest management (IPM), promoted by the growing interest in methods that fulfil requirements of efficiency, safety, selectivity, technically feasible and environmentally safe. The objective of this work was to determine the pesticide potential of essential oils of rosemary pepper (Lippia origanoides Kunth; Verbenaceae), citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt; Poaceae) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus [DC.] Stapf; Poaceae) to control fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda [J.E. Smith]; Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Ovicidal, larvicidal and pupicidal activity was evaluated with five dosages (0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.5% and 5.0% v/v) and a negative control (neutral detergent at 5.0% v/v). Unhatched eggs, mortality of caterpillars and non-emerged adults were recorded using ovicidal and pupicidal percentage, and median lethal doses (LD50) to caterpillars. The essential oils showed insecticidal activity on the egg, caterpillar 3 rd instars and pupae stages, highlighting the rapid action and high mortality rates caused by the L. origanoides essential oil, which registered, at lowest dosage, average 97.8% ovicidal activity and 81.3% pupicidal activity; in addition to LD50 on 3 rd instar caterpillars, 0.001% by exposure and 0.033% by topical application. Essential oils of C. citratus and C. winterianus required longer periods to act and caused significant mortality on the three stages, registering LD50 0.008% and 0.159% for exposure, and 1.151% and 1.348% for topical application, respectively. Citronella oil caused behavioral changes in caterpillars, which reflected flight and aggressiveness. Therefore, these three essential oils can be an alternative for management of fall armyworm, with the potential to hinder and reduce its biotic potential.
Impact of essential oils on eggs hatchability and feeding activity of pulse beetles
Linn., Clausena pentaphylla (Roxb.)DC, Mentha arvensis Linn. and Ocimum sanctum Linn. were tested for their ovicidal and feeding deterrent activities against eggs and adults of two pulse beetles i.e. Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) and C. maculatus (F.) at different concentrations and exposure periods respectively. The results revealed that highest ovicidal and antifeedant activities were observed in Chenopodium oil followed by Clausena, Mentha and Ocimum oils at 24h exposure period. All the tested oils exhibited 100% mortality of eggs at 20µl dose and 24 and 48h exposure periods for both species of pulse beetles. However, only Chenopodium and Clausena oils caused 100% reduction in feeding capacity of insects.
2019
The objective of this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of four botanical extract oils (clove oil, mint oil, garlic oil and NeemazalT/S formulation [1% Azadirachtin]) on the biological aspects of the 4 instar larvae of Egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis. The results cleared that the larval duration were 9.37, 9.17, 8.78, 8.89 and 10.00 days for clove oil, mint oil, garlic oil, NeemazalT/S formulation and control, respectively. Clove oil caused the highest percent of larval mortality (92.67%), while the least one (59.55%) was recorded in case of mint oil. The pupation and emergence percentages were (7.33, 40.45, 32.44, 17.33 and 88.00 %) and (85.93, 82.67, 82.80, 75.53 and 97.00 %) for the abovementioned oils, successively. Neemazal -T/S formulation caused the highest significant reduction in fecundity percentage recording 224.44 eggs/ female, regardless of the concentration, while control female laid an average of 1703.33 eggs / female. All tested botanical ex...