Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Premixed Calcium Silicate and Resin Sealers (original) (raw)
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Immediate and Long-Term Porosity of Calcium Silicate–Based Sealers
Journal of Endodontics, 2020
Introduction: Open pores between endodontic sealer and root canal walls present potential niches for bacterial growth and migration pathways. The aim was to assess the internal and external porosity of calcium silicate-based sealers and to ascertain the long-term effect of storage in simulated body fluid on sealer porosity. Methods: Sixteen single-rooted teeth were filled with gutta-percha and 1 of 4 root canal sealers: BioRoot RCS, EndoSequence BC, MTA Fillapex, or AH Plus. Obturated roots, stored in Hank's balanced salt solution, were scanned after 7 days and after 6 months by using micro-computed tomography at an isotropic resolution of 9.9 mm. Total, open, and closed porosity were calculated in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. Data were statistically analyzed by using general linear model and paired t test (a 5 0.05). Results: Significantly higher percentage of open than closed porosity was found in all groups. Initially, significantly greater open and total porosity were found for MTA Fillapex than for AH Plus. After 6 months, the percentage of open and total porosity increased in BioRoot RCS and MTA Fillapex and decreased in AH Plus and EndoSequence BC. Both initially and after storage, coronal region of all sealers had significantly greater total porosity than middle and apical regions, which were comparable. Conclusions: None of the root fillings were void-free, with predominant open porosity persisting after long-term storage.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
The aim of the study was to analyze the chemical–physical properties and bioactivity (apatite-forming ability) of three recently introduced premixed bioceramic root canal sealers containing varied amounts of different calcium silicates (CaSi): a dicalcium and tricalcium silicate (1–10% and 20–30%)-containing sealer with zirconium dioxide and tricalcium aluminate (CERASEAL); a tricalcium silicate (5–15%)-containing sealer with zirconium dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide and lithium carbonate (AH PLUS BIOCERAMIC) and a dicalcium and tricalcium silicate (10% and 25%)-containing sealer with calcium aluminate, tricalcium aluminate and tantalite (NEOSEALER FLO). An epoxy resin-based sealer (AH PLUS) was used as control. The initial and final setting times, radiopacity, flowability, film thickness, open pore volume, water absorption, solubility, calcium release and alkalizing activity were tested. The nucleation of calcium phosphates and/or apatite after 28 days aging in Hanks balanced salt solu...
Calcium Silicate-Based Experimental Sealers: Physicochemical Properties Evaluation
2021
The aim of this study was to evaluate physicochemical properties of calcium silicate-based experimental (CS) endodontic sealers, developed using two different vehicles: polyethylene glycol (PG) (CS-PG) or polyethylene glycol associated to chitosan hydrogel (CS-PGCH). TotalFill BC Sealer (TF) and AH Plus (AHP) were evaluated for comparison. Setting time, flow, radiopacity, pH, solubility and volumetric change were analyzed. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests with 5% significance level. The CS-PGCH had significantly greater setting time. CS-PG flow was similar to AHP. CS-PG had higher radiopacity than CS-PGCH. Calcium silicate-based sealers presented alkaline pH in all periods. CS-PGCH presented higher solubility in comparison with CS-PG. The volumetric change of CS-PG was similar to TF after 7 days, and to AHP after 30 days. CS-PG presented proper setting time, radiopacity, flow and pH, besides low volumetric change, showing better results than CS-PGCH, and potential for cl...
Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB, 2014
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of calcium hydroxide dressing on the bond strength of three commercially available endodontic sealers (MTA Fillapex, Sealapex, and AH Plus) to root canal dentin. Sixty slices of extracted human canines were obtained from cervical, middle, and apical root thirds. Root canals were standardized and specimens were filled and divided into six groups (n = 10): G1, MTA Fillapex; G2, Sealapex; and G3, AH Plus, with prior application of calcium hydroxide dressing; and G4, G5 and G6, without prior application of intracanal dressing. After 7 days, specimens were submitted to a push-out test. The data obtained were analyzed using the ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 5%). Fracture modes were classified as adhesive, cohesive or mixed. The results of sealer bond strength to root canal dentin varied according to the sealer, root third and prior dressing application. Overall, calcium hydroxide dressing reduced bond strength in all root thirds, but the reduction was significant only for AH Plus, at the cervical (3.25 ± 1.69) and apical (4.43 ± 1.65) thirds (p < 0.05). AH Plus showed the highest bond strength for all root thirds (p < 0.05) compared to the other groups. G1, G2, G4 and G5 showed similar bond strength values for all root thirds (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the calcium hydroxide dressing only had a negative effect on the bond strength of AH Plus, at the cervical and apical thirds. On the other hand, the bond strength values for MTA Fillapex and Sealapex were lower than those for AH Plus and, whereas the mixed failure mode predominated for AH Plus, the adhesive failure mode predominated for MTA Fillapex and Sealapex.
Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences, 2021
Aim: this study aimed to compare the sealing ability of two types of commercially available calcium silicate bioceramic based root canal sealers and a resin based root canal sealer. Methods: Twenty one single-rooted teeth were used, samples (n= 21) were randomly divided into three groups according to the sealer used (group A; ADSEAL, group B; Wellroot, group C; Ceraseal). Roots were then cleaved longitudinally in the labiolingual direction; all samples were then sectioned at three, six, and nine mm from the root tip. The penetration of sealers into the dentinal tubules was examined at 1000x with a scanning electron microscope. Data were tested for normality using Shapiro Wilk test. ANOVA test was used for analyzing normally distributed data followed by Bonferroni post hoc test for pair-wise comparison. Significance level p≤0.001. Results: groups B and C showed better sealing ability than group A in all the three sections. The coronal section showed higher sealing ability than the mi...
Materials
Introduction: The aim of this systematic review is to analyse the effect of physico-chemical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers in comparison to epoxy resin sealers in permanent teeth using a single-cone obturation technique. Methods: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Literature search was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, DOAJ, Open Gray with no language restrictions until October 2020. Two reviewers assessed the studies for eligibility. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) was carried out to assess the evidence. Meta-analysis of the pooled data with subgroups was performed using the RevMan software (p < 0.05). Results: Results from the 28 included studies showed that the mean difference in adaptati...
Composition and physicochemical properties of calcium silicate based sealers: A review article
2017
Background Recently a new generation of endodontic sealers has been developed based on calcium silicate as MTA Fillapex, Endoseal MTA, Total Fill BC Sealer, EndoSequence BC Sealer, iRoot SP, Endo CPM sealer, MTA-Angelus and ProRoot Endo Sealer. A review of literature was conducted to discuss the composition, physicochemical properties, and clinical perspectives of calcium silicate based sealers. Material and Methods A literature search was conducted in PubMed and web of knowledge databases with appropriate MeSh terms and keywords. A total of 71 studies were reviewed for data extraction. Results and Conclusions Calcium silicate based sealers showed suitable physical properties to be used as an endodontic sealer. However, its high solubility remains an important issue. They show good performance regarding calcium ion release, film thickness, and fowability. More researches are required about features of calcium silicate based sealers before recommending them for clinical applications....
Clinical Oral Investigations, 2019
Objective Compositional modifications may alter the biological and physicochemical characteristics of calcium silicate-based sealers (CSBS) and, ultimately, their bioactivity. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the biological properties of three CSBS: EndoSequence BC Sealer, Ceraseal, and Endoseal mineral trioxide aggregate. Materials and methods Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) were exposed to several eluates of CSBS. The ion release profile and pH were determined, and metabolic activity and cell migration were assessed using the MTT and wound healing assays. hPDLSCs were cultured in direct contact with the surface of each material, and cell morphology and attachment were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Bioactivity potential was assessed by RT-qPCR and mineralization assays. Statistical differences between biomaterials were assessed using one-or two-way ANOVA (α < 0.05). Results All materials showed an alkaline pH, although Endoseal exhibited a significantly higher pH compared with the other CSBS (p < 0.05). Ceraseal released significantly more Ca 2+ (p < 0.05) than EndoSequence BC Sealer and Endoseal. Interestingly, Endoseal induced a significant reduction in cell viability and cell migration compared with the control (p < 0.001). Moreover, SEM showed abundant cells adhering to EndoSequence BC Sealer and Ceraseal surfaces, whereas very few round cells were detected on the surface of Endoseal. Finally, Ceraseal and EndoSequence induced ALP, CAP, and CEMP-1 expression and a significantly higher mineralization capacity than Endoseal (***p < 0.001). Conclusions The eluates from EndoSequence BC Sealer and Ceraseal displayed higher cell viability, cell attachment, cell migration rates, and ion release rates than Endoseal. Ceraseal and EndoSequence BC Sealer exhibited significantly more gene expression and mineralization capacity than Endoseal. Clinical relevance The results obtained in the present work suggest that EndoSequence BC Sealer and Ceraseal possess biological properties that make them suitable materials for root canal treatment.
Journal of Stomatology, 2021
Introduction: The use of root canal sealer, together with core filing material, is essential to provide hermetic seal in root canal system. However, different types of root canal sealer materials exhibit different properties, which may affect the quality of root canal treatment. Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare pH, solubility, dimensional change, flow, working time, and film thickness of methacrylate resin (EndoRez), calcium hydroxide (Sealapex), calcium silicate (BioRoot RCS), and silicone-based sealer (GuttaFlow Bioseal). Material and methods: Solubility, dimensional change, flow, working time, and film thickness of root canal sealer materials were assessed based on ISO standard 6876/2012 recommendations. pH of sealer materials was measured using a pH meter. pH, solubility and dimensional change of sealers were evaluated on day 1, 7 and 14. Results: pH values of Sealapex, BioRoot RCS, and Guttaflow Bioseal ranged between 8.91 and 12.01, whereas EndoRez showed an average pH value of 6. pH of EndoRez increased significantly over time (p < 0.05), while pH of BioRoot RCS decreased significantly (p < 0.05). However, no significant pH change was observed in Sealapex and GuttaFlow Bioseal. BioRoot RCS showed the highest solubility (p < 0.05), and solubility of all sealer materials increased from day 1 to 14, but no significant change (p > 0.05) was noted in BioRoot RCS and GuttaFlow Bioseal, respectively. Dimensional change of BioRoot RCS was significantly higher (p < 0.05), with no significant difference (p > 0.05) between EndoRez and Sealapex at day 1 and day 14. GuttaFlow Bioseal exhibited the highest flow value (p < 0.05). BioRoot RCS demonstrated the longest working time (p < 0.05), while EndoRez showed the lowest film thickness, which was comparable to Sealapex (p > 0.05). Conclusions: EndoRez is slightly acidic, while the remaining sealer materials are alkalines. All sealers confirmed to ISO standard, except for solubility and film thickness of BioRoot RCS.
Improved sealing ability promoted by calcium silicate-based root canal sealers
Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences, 2018
Aim: This study investigated the sealing ability produced by AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstaz, Germany), EndoSequence BC sealer (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA, USA), GuttaFlow (Coltène/Whaledent, Altstätten, France) and MTA Fillapex (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil). Methdos: A total of forty-six single-root human canines were prepared and randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=10): MTA Fillapex, EndoSequence BC Sealer, AH Plus or GuttaFlow. Teeth with intact crowns served as negative controls (n=3) and teeth filled with only gutta-percha served as positive controls (n=3). Teeth were mounted in a two-chamber apparatus and exposed to Enterococcus faecalis. The number of days over a 60-days period was recorded for the appearance of turbidity in the lower chamber. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival curves. The nonparametric log-rank test was used to compare the survival curves using a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results at the end of the observation ...