A Cross-sectional Study on the Effectiveness of Two Different Tooth-brushing Exercise Methods in Blind Childrendren (original) (raw)
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Biomedical Research-tokyo, 2017
Aims: Apart from oral hygiene instructions continual motivation and manual dexterity may also be fundamentally required in case of disability. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a guided manual tooth brushing program on oral hygiene status of visually impaired individuals after one month. Methods: Parallel design single blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at Dr. Panjwani School Complex for the Blind, Karachi in collaboration with Ida Rieu Welfare Association. According to American Dental Association Guidelines 25 participants with visual impairments were required in each trial arm. Baseline data regarding oral hygiene practices and oral hygiene status using Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) was collected and participants were randomly assigned to test and control groups. Test group participants were intervened with guided tooth brushing program and controls with verbal oral hygiene message. Both were followed for 30 days. Data was managed using Stata vers...
Background: The present investigation is motivated by the fact that the incidence of visual impairment is increasing all over the world. Blind people may encounter specific problems in plaque control, leading to a higher risk of periodontal disorders. Objectives: To evidence the effect of alternative senses, other than sight, for controlling plaque formation and reducing periodontal indices in blind people. Methods: 51subjects (with ages between 15-45 years), both totally blind or with reduced sight were included in the study. They were instructed to brush their teeth by the M. Stilman method. The two important periodontal indices, Plaque Index (PLI), and Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI) were calculated both before and after the training session. Results: Blind individuals successfully learned the method of brushing by using their tactile sense, which significantly improved their oral hygiene in terms of PLI and PBI. Conclusions: Blind people are prone to properly control their oral hygiene, thus preventing possible periodontal problems and recording normal PLI and PBI values.
Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry, 2016
Aim: To assess the effect of oral health education (OHE) in the form of Braille and combination with Oral health talk (OHT) on oral hygiene knowledge, practices, and status of 12-17 years old visually impaired school girls in Pune city. Materials and Methods: A 6-week comparative study was conducted among 74 residential visually impaired school girls aged 12-17 years, who were trained to read Braille. The participants were divided into two groups, namely, Group A (n = 37) receiving OHE only in the form of Braille and Group B (n = 37) receiving OHE in form of Braille and OHT at baseline, 2, and 4-week interval. Oral health knowledge was assessed using a self-administered, pre-validated, pre-tested questionnaire typed in Marathi Braille. Assessment of oral hygiene practices and status was done using standardized proforma and simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), respectively, at baseline and at the end of 6 weeks. Data was analyzed using paired and unpaired Student's t-test. Results: The results showed a statistically significant increase in oral health knowledge levels in Group B (4.95 ± 1.66) as compared to Group A (2.97 ± 1.28). There was a significant increase in the frequency of mouth-rinsing in Group B (97.3%) as compared to Group A (86.5%) as well as in the tongue cleaning practice in Group B (100%) as compared to Group A (81.1%) at the end of 6 weeks. Conclusion: OHE in the form of Braille and OHT was more effective than OHE using only Braille.
Abstract Proceedings International Scholars Conference, 2019
Oral health is an integral part of a person’s holistic health but it still an alarming health concernin the Philippines. This research focused on visually impaired students. Blind patients have ahigher prevalence of dental caries because they cannot envision the plaque and caries in theiroral cavity and would often struggle to obtain dental care due to their increased anxiety.This is a cross-sectional observational study that aimed to produce an oral hygiene braillemanual based on the extent of oral health practice, incidence of dental caries, and plaque indexof the visually impaired students in a local school that caters for visually impaired. Thequestionnaire form has 3 parts: (1) consent form (2) demographic questions: sight impairment,primary care giver’s income, age, gender (3) and questions concerning their oral hygienepractice. Results were correlated with the student’s caries and plaque using the following index: Decayed Missing Filled Teeth(DMFT)/Simplified Oral Hygiene Ind...
Improvement of oral health knowledge in a group of visually impaired students
Oral health & preventive dentistry, 2006
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a repeated oral health education programme on oral health knowledge and hygiene of visually impaired students. The study was conducted at one of the two visually impaired boarding schools of Istanbul, Turkey. The number of subjects was 65, comprising 28 totally and 37 partially visually impaired students between 7 and 17 years of age. A 24-item verbal questionnaire was developed to record their general health, impairment, the socio-economic profile and education level of their parents, oral health knowledge, sources of information about oral health, awareness of sugar in-take/caries risk, frequency of dental check-ups and oral hygiene habits, as well as any difficulties they experienced thereby. They were given individual training on oral care three times with two-month intervals within the nine-month framework of the programme. To measure the oral hygiene status, plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) scores were recorde...
Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, 2011
The study was conducted to detect the preventive and treatment modalities among visually impaired students living in a residential school of Aligarh. A total of 80 visually impaired students were involved in the study in which 55 subjects were males and 25 females. They belonged to the age group of 10-35 years. Maximum number of males and females belonged to 16-25 years of age. Most of the subjects were cleaning mouth only in the morning with the use of brush and tooth paste. Eighty six percent were having belief that use of sugar leads to dental caries. On oral examination out of total subjects 55.2% were having poor oral hygiene and only 16% were having good oral hygiene. About 28% suffered from dental caries that were having poor oral hygiene and about 57% who were having fair oral hygiene. No one suffered from dental caries that were having good oral hygiene. In disabled individuals the process of developing oral disease does not differ from non-disabled individuals. There is no difference in prevention of the disease and treatment modalities between these groups. Since blind students can not visualize the dental plaque, motivation to keep the mouth clean is less as compared to normal individuals. Hence they need a special way to educate and motivate to keep the oral hygiene better in order to prevent dental caries.
Effectiveness of different oral health education interventions in visually impaired school children
Special Care in Dentistry, 2019
Aim: To assess the oral hygiene status, knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) in visually impaired children before and after imparting 3 different modes of oral health education. Methodology and results: The present study was a nonrandomized interventional study conducted among visually impaired school children. Ninety visually impaired children aged 12-15 years were selected by lottery method and divided into 3 groups (30 children each). Group 1: ATP (audio, tactile, performance technique), Group 2: Braille, and Group 3: ATP + Braille. Twenty-item verbal questionnaire was developed to record their knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding oral hygiene before and after imparting oral health education. The oral hygiene status was recorded and compared using plaque and gingival index after 21-day, 1-, 6-, and 9-month interval. ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc, repeated measures ANOVA, and McNemar test were used. Group 3 showed highest percentage of reduction in plaque (55%) and gingival (52%) scores when compared with Group 1 and Group 2. Conclusion: The combination of ATP (audio, tactile, and performance technique) and Braille is an effective way to improve oral hygiene status in visually impaired children. The KAP among these children also improved significantly after imparting oral health education. K E Y W O R D S dental health education, oral hygiene status, visually impaired Vision is the most important sense for interpreting the environment around us, and when sight is impaired in childhood, it has an adverse impact on psychomotor and emotional development in a child. 1,2 Blindness is defined by WHO as having a
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH
Introduction: Visually impaired people have poorer oral hygiene when compared to others. Therefore, there is a necessity for individual training by making awareness in oral care and plaque control so as to improve their oral hygiene. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of oral health innovative educative method among visually impaired children of Bengaluru city of India. Materials and Methods: A non-randomized control trial was conducted among 40 visually impaired individuals attending special school for blind. The study was conducted for a duration of six months. Baseline data regarding oral health knowledge, attitude and practices was obtained through a questionnaire in Braille and oral plaque assessment was done using Silness and Loe plaque index (1964). Music based brushing technique, cast models and an oral health education talk and booklet in Braille was delivered stressing on importance of oral health. The results of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) before and after health education were analysed using Chi-square test with SPSS version 22.0. Results: The overall KAP was lower in the preintervention period among the visually impaired children with mean score of 6.98 while after the modified oral health education session, it was increased to a mean score of 14.68 which was statistically significant at p<0.001. There was a significant change in the oral plaque scores with 80% of the children having fair scores in the preintervention period to 30% in the postintervention period. Conclusion: This oral health education module showed good results which can be implemented to effectively increase the awareness about dental health. * Statistically significant at p<0.05 Chi-square test was applied.
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2017
Background: Dental treatment is the greatest unattended health need of physically/mentally disabled individuals. However, oral hygiene can be improved significantly by effectual daily brushing and self-training workshops.With this background, an effort was made to compare the efficacy of manual and electronic toothbrushes in plaque control of visually impaired individuals. A comparison of efficacy of touch perception and audio aids as patient education and motivation tools and a preference of toothbrush from blind individuals was obtained. Materials and methods: A cross over clinical study of 2 months duration which included 30 individuals consisting of 2 phases of 1 month for each of the 2 groups. At baseline, after completion of oral prophylaxis, the subjects were asked to listen to audio aids and were asked to read oral hygiene instructions printed on Braille pamphlets. Subjects were taught manually to brush by manual and electronic toothbrushes. Group A were given manual toothbrushes and group B were given electronic toothbrushes followed by recording Oral Hygiene Index, Gingival Index and Plaque Indexscores.The groups were reassessed after a period of 4 weeks for the same parameters. A crossover was done between group A and group B. After 4 weeks, the subjects were evaluated for the above parameters. Result: OHI, GI and PI in intra-group comparison improved significantly before and after crossover (P-value<0.05 for all).In inter-group comparison OHI, GI and PI values for manual crossed over to electronic group where higher, but difference did not reach statistical significance (P-value>0.05 for all)