Investigation of subsurface for construction purposes in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria, using electrical resistivity method (original) (raw)
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Journal of environment and earth science, 2015
The study area is underlain by shales and volcanoclastics with subordinate lenses of sandstones and sandy limestone (Abakaliki Formation) of the Albian Asu River Group, southeastern Nigeria. Geophysical investigation was carried out at the College of Agricultural Sciences (CAS) Campus, Ebonyi State University (EBSU) to determine the structural competence of the subsurface geological strata for building construction and other foundation purposes, using vertical electrical sounding (VES) survey technique of the electrical resistivity method. From the result of the survey, two major zones have been established within the study area for building construction purposes. Zone A comprises of areas around the catholic church building, EBSU primary school up to the school of post graduate studies, while zone B is made up of areas around the EBSU secondary school, proposed student centre up to the main entrance gate which led to the Ogoja road. Zone A has been recommended for bungalows and other forms of low rising buildings, while zone B has been recommended for storey buildings and other heavy engineering structures. Overburden thickness for the two zones ranges from 1.3 m to 2.7 m, and 0.6 m to 2.7 m for zones A and B respectively. The cracks on walls of the buildings within the campus have been attributed to either the inability of the engineers to dig the foundation to the required depth or the construction of heavier structures on very weak subsurface layers which triggered off movement.
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019
Electrical resistivity method has been performed using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) technique at a Bishop Smith Memorial College, Ilorin, Kwara State to examine the geophysical parameters that can be used to evaluate the subsurface competency. Eight VES stations were sounded, using Schlumberger configuration for data acquisition with current electrode spacing varying from 1.0 to 140.0 m. The VES data obtained were interpreted using ipi2win+ip Software. The field data acquired was presented as geoelectric sounding curves and geoelectric section. The interpretation of the field results revealed heterogeneous subsurface geologic sequence probed to 34.6 m and beyond. It also showed presence of near surface linear geologic structures of varying lengths, depths and attitude which suggest the competent zones for foundation laying. The major subsurface layers are the top soil which consists of interlocking and concretional lateritic stones and clayey sand, weathered basement, fracture...
GVU Science-Tech Journal, 2023
Geoelectric analysis and evaluation were carried out at Irele in Ondo South of Irele Local Government, to study the building ability of the subsurface strata for foundation stability, by applying vertical electrical sounding (VES) survey methods to evaluate the image of the subsurface geology, to characterize the soils in terms of their engineering geological properties to determine their suitability for building foundation and to determine building foundation requirements in the study areas. Ten (10) Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were interpreted by using the curve matching methods and computer iteration analysis of 1-Dimension modeling was purported for the geophysical survey using Electrical Resistivity Method. The fractures found within the walls of the structure in the study areas were traced to the incompetence of the subsurface soil foundation condition. The outcome and result of the fieldwork, have discovered four and five layers in the location and recommended simple forms of low-rising buildings.
2017
Geophysical method using 1-D and 2-D resistivity probing techniques and Geotechnical method using Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) has been integrated to delineate the characteristics of subsurface layers at the School of Management and Library complex areas of Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu. The 1-D vertical electrical resistivity sounding data (VES) and 2-D resistivity data using the Wenner array were acquired with Allied Ohmega Resistivity meter. Two 2.5 tonnes Cone Penetration Test (CPT) was considered for the work.. The VES data obtained were processed and interpreted using partial curve matching technique and 1D computer assisted forward modeling using WinResist software. The 2D data were also processed and interpreted using DiproWin software version 4.0. The interpreted results of the investigations shows that, the main lithological unit of the two areas consists of sandy clay and sand materials. In conclusions, the northern part of School of Management area consist of sandy cl...
2018
Geoelectrical investigation was carried out using Geosensor Terrameter DDR1 at Airport Housing Estate, North Central Nigeria, Minna. The study area is bounded by latitude and longitude andlies within the basement complex region of Northern Nigeria. Vertical Electrical Sounding and Electrical Resistivity Profiling techniques were carried out for the survey. The aim of the survey was to determine the subsurface layer parameters (resistivity, depth and thickness) which shall be employed in delineating sites for building construction. A total of ten profiles with twenty stations along each profile at intervals of 50 m were investigated. The ERP results were used to produce an apparent resistivity contour map from which the high resistivity points were obtained and subjectedto Vertical Electrical Soundings. The VES has a maximum current electrode separation (AB/2) of 100 m. The results obtained from VES plots reveal three distinct geoelectric layers; the top soil, the weathered/fractured...
2017
Geoelectric resistivity method was employed to characterize the geo-materials at Ondo State University of Science and Technology (OSUSTECH) Okitipupa, Dahomey Basin, Nigeria, for suitability for foundation purposes. The methods involved Constant Separation Traversing (CST) using Wenner array and Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger array. The data obtained were processed with Ipi2win and excel software. The results showed that the subsurface structures were made up of lateritic topsoil with resistivity varying from 85 Ohm-m to 612 Ohm-m and thickness varying from 0.5 to 2.14 m; clayed sand with resistivity varying from 295 to 2,587 ohm-m and thickness vary from 0.67 to 3.4; clay with resistivity varying from 10 to 350 ohm-m and thickness varying from 3.8 to 26 m; and sand with resistivity ranging from 383 ohm-m to 59,707ohm-m. The clayed sand would have been the best layer to host the foundation because of its depth to the surface but it is generally less than 1.5 ...
Asia Pacific Journal of Energy and Environment, Volume 1, No 2(2014), 2014
Application of geophysical investigation has been carried out using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) at the proposed building site in Ibese Southwest Nigeria to determine the geophysical parameters that can be used to evaluate the structural competence of the subsurface geological characteristics of the site for construction purposes and building development. The Schlumberger configuration was used for the data acquisition. One-dimensional numerical inversion of individual DC resistivity was used to enhance the processing of the results for better achievement of the aim of the study. Models obtained from the 2D inversion of each VES were used for construction of geo-electric sections which exhibit the main geo-electric characteristics of the geological units present in the area. The interpretation results showed that the geo-electric sections consist of three-four layers namely: topsoil, pebble clay, limestone and sand/limestone. The layer resistivities and thicknesses range from 11 -404 Ohm-m/0.4 -1.5 m, 2-210 Ohm-m/ 0.8 -9.2m and 33 -160Ohm-m respectively. The investigation revealed that the sand/limestone litho unit is to be the most competent for shallow foundation for small to medium engineering structures.
Science World Journal, 2016
Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method of Direct Current Resistivity was -carried out at the South Eastern part of the Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State, North-Western, Nigeria using the Schlumberger array, with the aim of obtaining information on the subsurface layering for geotechnical application. From the interpreted data, geoelectric and geologic sections and some specialized maps were produced. It is suggestive that the area is underlain by three to five layers. The first layer resistivity and thickness are found to range from 66Ωm to 8343Ωm and 0.39m to 9.4m respectively. The weathered/fractured basement layer, which forms the aquifer, is found to have resistivity and thickness ranging from 36Ωm to 656Ωm and 10.0m to 48.7m respectively. The basement, which forms the final layer, having an infinite thickness, is found to have resistivities ranging from 1016Ωm to 14399Ωm. Competent zones for geotechnical applications within the study area were found to be at VES L 1/2, ...
Nigerian Journal of Technological Development
A geophysical investigation was carried out using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) in part of North Central Nigeria to evaluate the subsoil thickness, competence, and corrosivity for civil engineering foundations. A total of 60 VES stations were covered within the study area using the Schlumberger configuration array with half current electrode separation (AB/2) varying from 1m to a maximum of 100m while the half potential electrode spacing (MN/2) varied by 0.3 m to a maximum of 5m. The analysis of data was done using IP2win and Surfer 12 softwares. The first layer has resistivity values between 4.728 Ωm to 4210 Ωm and varied in thickness between 0.15 m to 1.42 m, the second layer has resistivity values between 24.7Ωm to 355000 Ωm and varied in thickness between 0.0355 m to 8.983 m while the third layer has resistivity values ranging between 8.361 Ωm to151,608 Ωm and varied in thickness between 1.05 m to 34.2 m, the fourth layer which is the last of the geoelectric layers has resi...
Incessant building collapse and foundation failures in Nigeria have continued unabated in recent years, causing loss of lives and properties worth hundreds of thousands of US dollars. This research in Gioni estate Lakowe, Lekki-Epe, Lagos, Nigeria is concerned with an integrated characterization of near-subsurface geomaterials using geoelectrical resistivity tomography and geotechnical techniques as part of the preliminary investigations for foundations studies and other building construction projects. Four traverses of the geoelectrical resistivity measurements using Wenner array configuration were conducted, and cone penetrating data were equally obtained along the same traverse. A borehole data point was equally acquired for ground thruthing. Based on their geoelectrical properties, three lithologies including loose sand, compacted clayey sand and clay/peat units were delineated with apparent resistivity values ranging 50 – 260 Ωm, 20 – 72.2 Ωm and ≤ 27.5 Ωm respectively. Average Cone penetrometer (CPT) value was about 110 kg/cm2 with an average SPT ‘N’ value of 25, indicating that the soil material is of good geotechnical properties. Laboratory tests conducted on the representative soil specimen at 3.75 m depth revealed moisture content (MC) of 66% which can be attributed to the clay contents. The Liquid Limit (WL), Plastic Limit (WP) and Plasticity Index (PI) tests results gives 84%, 30% and 54% respectively. The choice of deep seated foundation such as pile foundation is considered a better alternative to shallow foundation for proposed buildings in the study area where higher loadings are anticipated to transmit the loads to a stable soil layer.