Crecimiento y poliaminas intestinales en tilapia del Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) y bagre de canal (Ictalurus punctatus) alimentadas con aceite de soya y suplementadas con probióticos (original) (raw)
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During the tuna canning process, about 52~54% of the total weight of the fish is discarded as waste, which can be processed in order to obtain tuna byproducts meal (TBM), or stabilized as tuna silage hydrolysates (TSH). Both products were tested as replacements of soybean meal (SBM), in diets for fingerling male Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Seven test diets were isonitrogenous (35% CP) and isoenergetic (19 kJ g -1 ): a basal diet contained SBM as main protein source (TSH0); four experimental diets had increasing inclusion levels of TSH replacing 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the SBM protein. The sixth diet contained TBM as sole protein source, and a commercial feed for tilapia was used as reference diet (RD). The diets were fed for eight weeks to triplicate tanks, each with 15 fry tilapia (initial weight of 0.89 ± 0.29 g). Tilapia fed the TBM diet had greater weight gain and feed intake, and lower feed conversion ratios than those fed diets containing with TSH. The RD, TSH25 and TSH50 diets gave the similar growth response. Fish fed diets TSH0, TSH75% and TSH100% showed reduced growth performance. Uso de residuos de la industria del atún en dietas para alevines de tilapia del Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus: efecto sobre la digestibilidad y el rendimiento del crecimiento RESUMEN. Durante el proceso de enlatado de atún se desecha aproximadamente el 52-54% del peso total de los peces. Estos desechos pueden ser usados para producir harina de desechos de atún (TBM) o estabilizados como subproductos hidrolizados de atún (TSH). Ambos productos se probaron como sustitutos de harina de soya (SBM), en dietas para alevines de tilapia del Nilo Oreochromis niloticus. Seis dietas con igual contenido de proteína (35%) y energía (19 kJ g -1 ): una dieta basal con SBM como principal fuente de proteína (TSH0); y cuatro dietas experimentales se prepararon con crecientes niveles de TSH en reemplazo de 25, 50, 75 y 100% de la proteína de soya. La sexta dieta fue preparada con TBM como única fuente de proteína y un alimento comercial fue incluido como dieta referencia (RD). Estas dietas se ofrecieron por triplicado durante ocho semanas a grupos de 15 alevines cada uno, con un peso medio inicial de 0,89 ± 0,29 g. Los peces alimentados con la dieta preparada con TBM presentaron mayor ganancia de peso, mayor consumo de alimento y factor de conversión más eficiente que los alimentados con las dietas RD, TSH25 y TSH50. Con las dietas antes mencionadas, se obtuvieron resultados similares entre sí, mientras que los peces que recibieron dietas TSH0, TSH75% y TSH100% dieron las menores respuestas de crecimiento. Palabras clave: alimentación de peces, derivados de la pesca, ensilado, proteínas prestadas, Oreochromis niloticus.
Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 2018
Among the most typical feed sources for tilapia, plants represent a low-cost source in substituting for traditional high-cost feed ingredients. Fermentation, hardening and dehulling are common grains processing techniques to make plant nutrients available and more digestible to fish. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter and protein, and antinutrients (phytic acid and tannins) in fermented, hardened and dehulled chickpea (Cicer arietinum) meals were determined for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The highest ADC was obtained with processed (fermented, hardened and dehulled) chickpea meals compared with non-processed. Results indicated that fermentation increased the protein content by 13.1%, decreased the content of ash and phytic acid (47.5 and 45%, respectively), and increased the ingredient apparent digestibility of dry matter (ADM) by 23.2%, and the ingredient apparent digestibility of protein (ADP) by 41.9%. Dehulling meal increased the protein (...
Fishes, 2020
Eight locally available protein source ingredients in Tanzania were selected for assessment of apparent digestibility (AD) in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, using faeces samples collected by siphoning or stripping. The selected protein source ingredients were Lake Victoria sardines (FM), brewers spent yeast (BSY), moringa leaves (ML), freshwater shrimp (FSH), marine shrimp (MSH), cattle blood (CB), duckweed (DW) and fish frames (FF). The AD (%) of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) was unaffected (p > 0.782-0.901) by the faeces collection method (i.e., siphoning or stripping), with correlation coefficient (r) of 0.98, 0.99 and 0.93 between AD values for DM, OM and CP, respectively, following siphoning and stripping. The AD (%) of DM, OM, CP and gross energy (GE) in the test ingredients differed (p < 0.0001). The AD (%) of DM and OM was lowest in BSY and DW, followed in increasing order by ML, MSH, FF, FSH and CB. In general, the AD (%) of CP was high (>76%), but with a low value (46%) for DW. The AD (%) of GE was closely correlated (r = 0.96) with the AD of OM. In conclusion, FSH, MSH, CB, FF, BSY and ML have acceptable protein digestibility to be used in tilapia diet formulation.
Digestibility and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.)
Aquaculture Research, 2002
The apparent digestibility of protein, organic matter and energy of high-fibre and fibre-reduced sunflower cakes, Kenya's`omena' fishmeal, anchovy fishmeal and wheat bran were investigated in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) fingerlings. The feeding values and protein qualities of the above ingredients were also determined at two dietary protein levels. Fourteen diets were formulated, and each was provided to three tanks containing 12 fish in Expt 1 (digestibility study) and 25 fish in Expt 2 (feeding trial). Water temperatures and dissolved oxygen concentrations were maintained above 26 C and 5.5 mg L À1 respectively. Anchovy and`omena' fishmeals each had an apparent digestibility coefficient for protein (ADC-P) of 90%, whereas the fibrereduced and high-fibre sunflower cakes had ADC-P values of 89% and 86%. Wheat bran had an ADC-P value of 75%, which was significantly lower than those found for the other test ingredients. Apparent digestibility coefficients for energy (ADC-E) and digestible energy values (DE) were 86% and 78% and 4003 kcal kg À1 and 3624 kcal kg À1 for anchovy and omena fishmeals respectively. The corresponding values for the plant protein sources were 42% and 30% and 2200 kcal kg À1 and 1400 kcal kg À1 for the fibrereduced and high-fibre sunflower cakes respectively. Diets based on the fibre-reduced cake had higher levels of all amino acids than those based on the high-fibre cake. Fish fed diets with 30% protein gained 40 g and had a feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.87, whereas those fed diets with 20% protein gained 35 g and had a FCR of 2.2. The source of protein had a significant effect on weight gain.
Boletim Do Instituto De Pesca, 2017
This study aimed to estimate the utilization efficiency and optimal intake of digestible protein to maximize weight gain and feed conversion in Nile tilapia juveniles at different development stages. Four trials, each lasting 45 days, were performed using sexually inverted Nile tilapia juveniles with an initial average weight of 2.01 g (phase A), 14.26 g (phase B), 59.96 g (phase C), and 149.11 g (phase D). The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and four replicates. The levels of digestible protein ranged from 175 to 425 g kg-1 (phase A), 163 to 390 g kg-1 (phase B), 150 to 360 g kg-1 (phase C), and 138 to 330 g kg-1 (phase D). The maximum responses in terms of weight gain were obtained with protein intakes (digestible protein) of 88, 328, 713, and 855 mg fish-1 day-1 , respectively, for phases A, B, C, and D. The maximum feed conversion ratio was obtained with protein intakes of 78, 272, 697, and 793 mg fish-1 day-1 , respectively, for phases A, B, C, and D. The protein utilization efficiency was 52, 51, 51, and 50% for phases A, B, C, and D, respectively.
Sustitución de la harina de pescado por harina de caña proteínica para la engorda de tilapia roja
Agrociencia, 2011
It is important to search for sustainable alternatives with byproducts for replacing fish meal in diets for weight gain in red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) cultured in floating cages at 27.8 °C. In the present study, four isoprotein diets (26 %) (treatments: T; 0 %, T0; 14 % T14; 16 % T16, and 18 % T18) and isoenergetic diets (2.7 kcal g-1 feed) were formulated, using a by-product mixture of sugar cane, enriched with acid fish-silage (sugar cane protein meal) as substitution of fish meal. Four hundred and twenty tilapia males (58.34±0.01 g) were used in this study, fed for 60 d. The experimental design was completely randomized with seven rectangular cages per treatment (0.256 m 3 ; 0.8×0.8×0.4 m) left hanging above a circular concrete pond (8 m diameter and 2 m high) with 15 fish per cage. Data analysis, conducted by a one way analysis of variance, indicated that for T0 and T14 there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in final weight, growth rate, protein efficiency rate, factor of conversion and feed efficiency. The fish in treatments T16 and T18, however, showed less performance. We conclude that up to 14 % of sugar cane protein meal may be included in diets for weight gain in red tilapia without affecting productive indicators.
Digestibility and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.)
Aquaculture Research, 2002
The apparent digestibility of protein, organic matter and energy of high-fibre and fibre-reduced sunflower cakes, Kenya's`omena' fishmeal, anchovy fishmeal and wheat bran were investigated in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) fingerlings. The feeding values and protein qualities of the above ingredients were also determined at two dietary protein levels. Fourteen diets were formulated, and each was provided to three tanks containing 12 fish in Expt 1 (digestibility study) and 25 fish in Expt 2 (feeding trial). Water temperatures and dissolved oxygen concentrations were maintained above 26 C and 5.5 mg L À1 respectively. Anchovy and`omena' fishmeals each had an apparent digestibility coefficient for protein (ADC-P) of 90%, whereas the fibrereduced and high-fibre sunflower cakes had ADC-P values of 89% and 86%. Wheat bran had an ADC-P value of 75%, which was significantly lower than those found for the other test ingredients. Apparent digestibility coefficients for energy (ADC-E) and digestible energy values (DE) were 86% and 78% and 4003 kcal kg À1 and 3624 kcal kg À1 for anchovy and omena fishmeals respectively. The corresponding values for the plant protein sources were 42% and 30% and 2200 kcal kg À1 and 1400 kcal kg À1 for the fibrereduced and high-fibre sunflower cakes respectively. Diets based on the fibre-reduced cake had higher levels of all amino acids than those based on the high-fibre cake. Fish fed diets with 30% protein gained 40 g and had a feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.87, whereas those fed diets with 20% protein gained 35 g and had a FCR of 2.2. The source of protein had a significant effect on weight gain.
Fishes
Eight locally available protein source ingredients in Tanzania were selected for assessment of apparent digestibility (AD) in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, using faeces samples collected by siphoning or stripping. The selected protein source ingredients were Lake Victoria sardines (FM), brewers spent yeast (BSY), moringa leaves (ML), freshwater shrimp (FSH), marine shrimp (MSH), cattle blood (CB), duckweed (DW) and fish frames (FF). The AD (%) of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) was unaffected (p > 0.782–0.901) by the faeces collection method (i.e., siphoning or stripping), with correlation coefficient (r) of 0.98, 0.99 and 0.93 between AD values for DM, OM and CP, respectively, following siphoning and stripping. The AD (%) of DM, OM, CP and gross energy (GE) in the test ingredients differed (p < 0.0001). The AD (%) of DM and OM was lowest in BSY and DW, followed in increasing order by ML, MSH, FF, FSH and CB. In general, the AD (%) of CP was high (...