Have asthma symptoms in Mexico changed in the past 15 years? Time trends from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood to the Global Asthma Network (original) (raw)
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Asthma severity in four countries of Latin America
BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 2019
Background: In Latin America, there is scarce information about severe asthma (SA) according to the ERS/ATS 2014 criteria. This study aimed to compare the demographic, socio, clinical characteristics, treatment, and use of healthcare resources between SA and non-severe asthma (NSA) patients in Argentina, Colombia, Chile and Mexico. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted including 594 asthma patients from outpatient specialized sites. A descriptive analysis was performed comparing SA patients and NSA. Chi-square and Mann Whitney tests were used to assess associations between asthma severity and outcome variables. Results: Using ERS/ATS 2014 criteria, 31.0% of the patients were identified as SA. SA patients were older at diagnosis (mean age 31.64 years vs 24.71 years, p < 0.001) and had higher proportion of uncontrolled asthma than the NSA patients (64.1% vs 53.2%, p < 0.001). SA patients reported a significantly higher proportion of both hospital admission and emergency room (ER) visits due to asthma in the last year, compared with NSA patients, 8.7% vs. 3.7% (p = 0.011) and 37.0% vs. 21.7% (p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: SA patients were older, had greater proportions in some comorbidities and experienced increased healthcare utilization. Also, our results showed that even in patients using the last steps of treatment (GINA step 4 or 5), there was still a higher proportion of uncontrolled disease.
World Allergy Organization Journal
Background: The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) showed a wide variability in prevalence and severity of allergic rhinitis (AR) and rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC), in addition to other atopic diseases (Asher et al, 2006). 1 The Global Asthma Network (GAN) has continued to study these conditions. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of AR and ARC in children and adolescents in Mexico and to assess their association with different risk factors. Methods: GAN Phase I is a cross-sectional, multicentre survey carried out in 15 centres corresponding to 14 Mexican cities throughout 2016-2019 using the validated Spanish language version of the GAN Phase I questionnaires. The questionnaires were completed by 35 780 parents of 6-7 year old primary school pupils (children) and by 41 399 adolescents, 13-14 years old. Results: The current and cumulative prevalence of AR was higher in the adolescents (26.2-37.5%, respectively) in comparison to the children (17.9-24.9%, respectively), especially in female participants. This tendency was also observed in the current prevalence of ARC, where 15.1% of female adolescents reported nasal symptoms accompanied with itchy-watery eyes in the past year. The most important risk factors for AR and ARC were the presence of wheezing in the past 12 months, wheezing in the first year of life, the previous diagnosis of asthma and eczema symptoms. Furthermore, allergic symptoms had a negative tendency concerning altitude. Conclusion: This is the largest AR epidemiological study ever conducted in Mexico. It shows an increase in AR prevalence, as well as significant associations with modifiable risk factors, which could help to establish recommendations to reduce the burden of this condition.
Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, 2010
Antecedentes: El cuestionario del Estudio Internacional de Asma y Alergias en la Infancia (The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, ISAAC) permite a los usuarios encontrar los factores asociados con las enfermedades alérgicas, sin embargo la mayoría de los estudios de factores de riesgo para enfermedades alérgicas se han dedicado al asma y no a la rinitis. Objetivo: Determinar los principales factores asociados con los síntomas de la rinitis y la rinoconjuntivitis alérgicas en niños y adolescentes escolares en el norte de la Ciudad de México. Pacientes y Métodos: Una encuesta de corte multicéntrico fue conducida en el norte de la Ciudad de México, en niños de 6-7 años y de 13-14 años. El instrumento de la encuesta fue el cuestionario de ISAAC fase 3b, el cual fue validado y estandarizado en español. Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio 4.106 niños de 6-7-años y 6.576 de 13-14 años. La prevalencia total del diagnóstico de rinitis alérgica fue de 4.6%. La prevalencia de síntomas de rinitis acumulada y actual fue considerada alta (> 29%), pero la prevalencia del diagnóstico de rinitis alérgica fue considerada baja (con rango de 3,4% a 5,6%). La prevalencia de síntomas de rinitis con conjuntivitis tuvo valores intermedios (con rango de 20,3% a 30,2%). Los síntomas de rinitis alérgica acumulada, los síntomas de rinitis alérgica actual y rinoconjuntivitis estuvieron relacionados con síntomas de asma actual o acumulada, síntomas de dermatitis atópica actual o acumulada y al uso de acetaminofen actual (razón de momios > 1, P < 0,05). Discusión: Los presentes resultados apoyan el concepto de la rinitis como enfermedades respiratorias crónicas en común, y este estudio también encontró una relación entre el uso de paracetamol y rinitis en niños.
Allergy, 2004
Although there has been adequate consensus about the increase of asthma prevalence in children during the past decades (1-11) there are some recent reports, athough with some limitations, that point out the possibility of that increase to have come to an end both in adults and in children . Still other studies report an increase confined to mild symptoms (16). In the former East Germany, a study reported an increase in allergy but not in asthma between the years 1992 and 1996 (17), although a more recent study in the same population shows an increase of both atopy and asthma between 1993 and 1999 (18). There have been suggestions as to the increase of asthma being only in children with no family history of atopy . The number of studies that compare two different time-points using the same methodology are not so numerous (20). Time trends may be influenced not only by the use of a different methodology (20) but also Background: Most studies show a steep increase in asthma prevalence in the last decades, although few studies had applied the same methodology. Recent reports point out the possibility that the epidemic has come to an end. We have studied the prevalence of asthma in a very large sample of children, repeating the study eight years apart. Methods: Repeated cross-sectional studies using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) protocol in a sample of Spanish schoolchildren 6-7 (parent-reported) and 13-14 (self-reported) years old in 1994-95 (phase I) and . The number of participants was 42 417 in phase I and 42 813 in phase III. The participation rate was over 87% (13-14 years) and 70% (6-7 years). Results: The prevalence of wheezing in the previous year in children aged 13-14 years was 9.0 and 9.3% for boys and 9.6 and 9.2% for girls for phases I and III, respectively. Children 6-7 years of age showed a substantial increase in wheezing in the previous year (7.0 and 10.7% for boys and 5.3 and 8.2% for girls). Other symptoms and severity indexes followed the same patterns. Conclusions: In the last 8 years, the prevalence of asthma has not changed in 13-14-year-old Spanish children but has increased substantially in 6-7-year olds.
Asthma control in Latin America: The Asthma Insights and Reality in Latin America survey (AIRLA
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2005
Objectives. The aims of this survey were (1) to assess the quality of asthma treatment and control in Latin America, (2) to determine how closely asthma management guidelines are being followed, and (3) to assess perception, knowledge and attitudes related to asthma in Latin America. Methods. We surveyed a household sample of 2 184 adults or parents of children with asthma in 2003 in 11 countries in Latin America. Respondents were asked about healthcare utilization, symptom severity, activity limitations and medication use. Results. Daytime asthma symptoms were reported by 56% of the respondents, and 51% reported being awakened by their asthma at night. More than half of those surveyed had been hospitalized, attended a hospital emergency service or made unscheduled emergency visits to other healthcare facilities for asthma during the previous year. Patient perception of asthma control did not match symptom severity, even in patients with severe persistent asthma, 44.7% of whom regarded their disease as being well or completely controlled. Only 2.4% (2.3% adults and 2.6% children) met all criteria for asthma control. Although 37% reported treatment with prescription medications, only 6% were using inhaled corticosteroids. Most adults (79%) and children (68%) in this survey reported that asthma symptoms limited their activities. Absence from school and work was reported by 58% of the children and 31% of adults, respectively.
2000
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of bronchial asthma and allergic diseases in schoolchildren from the Canary Islands, Spain. Methods: Cross-sectional study following the methodology of ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood), which uses standardized and validated questionnaires. The study participants were children aged between 6 and 7 years attending schools in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain. Results: Of the 3108 questionnaires distributed, 1883 were answered, and 1871 were evaluable (60.6%). Gender distribution was similar (51.8% boys vs 48.2% girls). Current prevalence of asthma was 18.4% (95% confi dence interval [CI], 16.7-20.2), rhinitis 40.3% (95% CI, 38-42.3), and atopic dermatitis 35.8% (95% CI, 33.6-37.9). The highest prevalence of rhinitis was recorded during the autumn months (P<.005). Asthma was more frequent in boys than in girls (P<.05), but there were no statistical differences for the other allergic diseases.
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 2008
This cross-sectional study of children aged 6–7 years and adolescents aged 13–14 years in Bogotá, Colombia, assessed the prevalence of asthma symptoms and their associations with dietary, health, and behavioral habits. This study is part of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)-phase III. Asthma prevalence among the children was assessed using a parental self-administered written questionnaire (WQ), and among adolescents using a WQ together with a video questionnaire (VQ). Associations were estimated with bivariate and multivariate analysis. The study found that the 6–7 year age-group were more likely to report current asthma symptoms than the 13–14 year age-group (10.4% [WQ] vs. 8.6% [WQ] and 8.0% [VQ], respectively). Factors associated with current asthma symptoms among the 6–7 year age-group included higher maternal education (OR = 1.7, [95% CI 1.2–2.6], p = 0.007), a cat in the home during the last year (OR = 1.5, [95% CI 1.0–2.3], p = 0.036), watching TV 1–2 hours/day (OR = 2.1, [95% CI 1.2–3.9], p = 0.013), and medication with acetaminophen in the first and most recent year of life (OR = 1.8, [95% CI 1.3–2.4], p < 0.001; OR = 2.2, [95% CI 1.7–2.8], p < 0.001, respectively) or antibiotics in the first year of life (OR = 1.9, [95% CI 1.4–2.5], p < 0.001). Among the 13–14 year age-group, factors associated with current asthma symptoms included medication with acetaminophen during the last year (OR = 1.8, [95% CI 1.4–2.3], p < 0.001); cereal, milk, and fruit consumption 3 or more times weekly (OR = 1.5, [95% CI 1.1–1.9], p = 0.010; OR = 0.8, [95% CI 0.6–1.0], p = 0.046; OR = 0.6, [95% CI 0.4–1.0], p = 0.031, respectively). Overall, compared with that in other Latin American centers, asthma prevalence in Bogotá is close the lower estimates. However, associations with dietary, health, and behavioral habits need further study to assess their complex relationship with asthma.