Effectiveness of Zinc Supplementation for Type II Diabetes Prevention: A Systematic Review (original) (raw)
Related papers
Effects of zinc supplementation on diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 2012
The number of people with diabetes and pre-diabetes are exponentially increasing. Studies on humans have shown the beneficial effects of Zinc supplementation in patients with diabetes. The present study aims to systematically evaluate the literature and meta-analyze the effects of Zinc supplementation on diabetes. A systematic review of published studies reporting the effects of Zinc supplementations on diabetes mellitus was undertaken. The literature search was conducted in the following databases; PubMed, Web of Science and SciVerse Scopus. A meta-analysis of studies examining the effects of Zinc supplementation on clinical and biochemical parameters in patients with diabetes was performed. The total number of articles included in the present review is 25, which included 3 studies on type-1 diabetes and 22 studies on type-2 diabetes. There were 12 studies comparing the effects of Zinc supplementation on fasting blood glucose in patients with type-2 diabetes. The pooled mean difference in fasting blood glucose between Zinc supplemented and placebo groups was −18.13 mg/dl (95%CI:-33.85,-2.41; p < 0.05). 2-h post-prandial blood sugar also shows a similar distinct reduction in (−34.87 mg/dl [95%CI:-75.44; 5.69]) the Zinc treated group. The reduction in HbA1c was −0.54 % (95%CI:-0.86;-0.21) in the Zinc treated group. There were 8 studies comparing the effects of Zinc supplementation on lipid parameters in patients with type-2 diabetes. The pooled mean difference for total cholesterol between Zinc supplemented and placebo groups was −32.37 mg/dl (95%CI:-57.39,-7.35; p < 0.05). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol also showed a similar distinct reduction in the Zinc treated group, the pooled mean difference from random effects analysis was −11.19 mg/dl (95%CI:-21.14,-1.25; p < 0.05). Studies have also shown a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressures after Zinc supplementation. This first comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of Zinc supplementation in patients with diabetes demonstrates that Zinc supplementation has beneficial effects on glycaemic control and promotes healthy lipid parameters. Further studies are required to identify the exact biological mechanisms responsible for these results.
Zinc supplementation in pre-diabetes: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
Journal of diabetes, 2017
To evaluate the effects of Zinc supplementation on glycaemic control, other cadio-metabolic/anthropometric parameters and progression of disease in pre-diabetes. The clinical trial was conducted as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial for a period of 12 months. The treatment group received Zinc (20mg daily). A total of 200 subjects with pre-diabetes were recruited for the study and randomly assigned into the treatment and control groups (1:1). Evaluations were done at baseline, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Primary outcome was defined as change in glycaemic control from baseline. A multiple regression analysis was performed, where change in outcome variables post intervention from baseline was the continuous dependant variable. Two hundred patients were recruited, 43% were males and mean age was 51.8±7.3 years. Mean serum Zinc concentration in both groups prior to the commencement of the trial was below normal. During the 12 month follow-up period a signif...
Zinc Intake and Status and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Nutrients
Zinc could have a protective role against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between dietary, supplementary, and total zinc intake, as well as serum/plasma and whole blood zinc concentration, and risk of T2DM. Observational studies, conducted on cases of incident diabetes or T2DM patients and healthy subjects that reported a measure of association between zinc exposure and T2DM, were selected. Random effects meta-analyses were applied to obtain combined results. Stratified meta-analyses and meta-regressions were executed to assess sources of heterogeneity, as well as the impact of covariates on the findings. From 12,136 publications, 16 studies were selected. The odds ratio (OR) for T2DM comparing the highest versus lowest zinc intake from diet was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.78–0.98). Nevertheless, no association between supplementary or total zinc intake from both diet and supplementation, and T2DM was observed. A direct...
Zinc supplementation in pre-diabetes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Trials, 2013
Background: The number of people with diabetes is increasing worldwide, especially in developing South Asian countries. Therefore, preventing diabetes at the early stages has become an important issue. Recent clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analysis have shown that zinc has beneficial effects on glycemic and metabolic control in those with diabetes. The present study is designed to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on glycemic control and other metabolic parameters in those with pre-diabetes.
Zinc’s role in the glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review
Biometals, 2017
Past research has shown the importance of zinc in several metabolic processes, such as the glucidic metabolism. The present systematic review aims to discuss zinc's participation in the glycemic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) patients. In order to accomplish that, a systematic search was performed in the Pubmed database using the following indexed and theme-related descriptors: ''zinc'' AND ''type 2 diabetes mellitus'', AND MeSH terms related to glycemic control combined with the boolean operator OR. In total, 1078 articles were retrieved from the research, of which 15 articles of original studies conducted with DM2 patients were included, with three being about the effect of mineral supplementation and 12 reporting observational studies. The main findings of these studies consisted of low body contents of zinc and high excretion of zinc in urine. Hyperglycemia was one of the mechanisms that caused these alterations owing to its interference in zinc reabsorption via renal cells. Another evidence was the negative correlation between the glycated hemoglobin percentage (%HbA1c) and the plasma zinc levels. Additionally, it has been observed that zinc supplementation in DM2 patients has improved glycemic control, since the %HbA1c significantly reduced in these individuals. This present review shows the positive effect of adequate zinc levels on glycemic control, whether it is through dietetic ingestion or supplementation, since its role in insulin homeostasis is clear.
2022
Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the world's most prevalent and fatal diseases. Zinc is involved in metabolism of glucose via its participation in insulin crystallization and signaling. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of zinc supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: The participants consisted of 200 type 2 diabetic patients attending the family medicine outpatient clinics in Suez Canal University who were randomly assigned into two groups, intervention, and control group. The study was approved by Ethics Committee of Suez canal University and all participant' consent was assured. This study was carried out between April 2019 and June 2019. The intervention group received oral capsule of zinc sulphate (25 mg) daily, the second control group was given placebo, identical for 12 weeks. outcome measures consisted mainly of Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c %) that was assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Follow up visits were conducted at the 4 th , 8 th and 12 th week from beginning of the study to check adherence to treatment every visit by interview and pill counts. Results: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c %) was significantly reduced in zinc group compared to placebo group (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Zinc supplementation addition to routine management of adult type 2 diabetics on oral hypoglcemics only may improve glycemic control in this short single blinded randomized controlled trial.
Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2018
The aim of this systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression was to examine the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and concentration of zinc in whole blood, as well as dietary zinc intake. Searches were performed using Ovid MEDLINE, Embase (Ovid) and The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL). Observational studies conducted on diabetic and healthy adults, with data on dietary zinc intake and/or concentration of zinc in whole blood, were selected. The search strategy yielded 11,150 publications and the manual search 6, of which 11 were included in the meta-analyses. Mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI), were calculated using the generic inverse-variance method with random-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed by the Cochran Q-statistic and quantified by the I statistic. Meta-regressions and stratified analysis were used to examine whether any covariate had influence on the results. The pooled MD for the dietary zinc intake meta-analysis was -0.40 ...
Advances in Nutrition, 2020
No meta-analysis has examined the effect of dose and duration of zinc interventions on their impact on risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D) or cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed first to compare the effects of zinc interventions dichotomized as low versus high dose (<25 mg/d and ≥25 mg/d, respectively) and short versus long duration (<12 wk and ≥12 wk, respectively) on risk factors for T2D and CVD. Second, it discusses the results from the low-dose and long-duration meta-analyses as a foundation for understanding what impact a zinc-biofortification intervention could have on these risk factors. The PubMed and Cochrane Review databases were searched through January 2020 for full-text, human studies providing zinc supplements (alone) at doses ≤75 mg/d and a placebo. Data on study and sample characteristics and several T2D and CVD risk factors were extracted. There were 1042 and 974 participants receiving zinc and placebo, respectively, from 27 studies. Low-dose zin...
Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2018
Interest in healthy properties of food and nutrients as co-adjuvant in type-2 diabetes therapy has increased in recent years. Zinc supplementation trials have shown improvements in glycemic control in these patients, although it seems dependent on zinc status of the individuals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between zinc nutritional status and glucose homeostasis in patients with type-2 diabetes. Eighty patients with well controlled type-2 diabetes were recruited and clinical, anthropometric and dietary evaluations were performed. One week after, insulin sensitivity and beta cell function were assessed by a modified Frequently Sampled Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test. Zinc status was assessed by plasma zinc and the size of rapidly Exchangeable Zinc Pool (EZP); zinc intake was also determined. Glucagon concentration was evaluated in a subsample of 36 patients. Patients presented a normal zinc status although zinc intake was lower than recommended. Ove...
Does Zinc Really “Metal” with Diabetes? The Epidemiologic Evidence
Current Diabetes Reports, 2016
Zinc (Zn) is important in a number of processes related to insulin secretion and insulin activity in peripheral tissues, making this element an interesting potential coadjuvant in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This issue has been matter of interest in recent years. The available evidence is analyzed in this review. Information from epidemiologic studies evaluating the relationship between Zn and T2D is inconsistent. Furthermore, few studies examined the association between Zn status and insulin action and/or glucose homeostasis. In terms of usefulness of Zn as a preventive agent for T2D development, information is insufficient to reach firm conclusions. Results from Zn supplementation trials found some positive effects only in those with initial sub normal Zn status in a significant proportion of individuals. In conclusion, the effect of Zn on patients with type 2 diabetes is still an open question, and better study designs are needed to clarify the real impact and characteristics of the Zn-diabetes interaction.