Alcohol use disorders among pulmonary tuberculosis patients under RNTCP in urban Pondicherry, India (original) (raw)
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Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD) among Tuberculosis Patients: A Study from Chennai, South India
PLoS ONE, 2011
Background: Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs) among tuberculosis (TB) patients are associated with nonadherence and poor treatment outcomes. Studies from Tuberculosis Research Centre (TRC), Chennai have reported that alcoholism has been one of the major reasons for default and mortality in under the DOTS programme in South India. Hence, it is planned to conduct a study to estimate prevalence of alcohol use and AUDs among TB patients attending the corporation health centres in Chennai, India. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional cohort study covering 10 corporation zones at Chennai and it included situational assessment followed by screening of TB patients by a WHO developed Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test AUDIT scale. Four zones were randomly selected and all TB patients treated during July to September 2009 were screened with AUDIT scale for alcohol consumption. Results: Out of 490 patients, 66% were males, 66% were 35 years and above, 57% were married, 58% were from the low monthly income group of ,Rs 5000 per month. No females reported alcohol use. Overall, out of 490 TB pts, 29% (141) were found to consume alcohol. Among 141 current drinkers 52% (73) had an AUDIT score of .8. Age (.35 years), education (less educated), income (,Rs 5000 per month), marital status (separated/divorced) and treatment category (Category 2) were statistically significant for TB patients with alcohol use than those TB patients without alcohol use. Conclusions: AUD among TB patients needs to be addressed urgently and the findings suggest the importance of integrating alcohol treatment into TB care.
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2021
BACKGROUND: Approximately 10% of incident TB cases worldwide are attributable to alcohol. However, evidence associating alcohol with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes is weak.METHODS: We prospectively evaluated men (≥18 years) with pulmonary TB in India for up to 24 months to investigate the association between alcohol use and treatment outcomes. Unhealthy alcohol use was defined as a score of ≥4 on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C) scale at entry. Unfavorable TB treatment outcomes included failure, recurrence, and all-cause mortality, analyzed as composite and independent endpoints.RESULTS: Among 751 men, we identified unhealthy alcohol use in 302 (40%). Median age was 39 years (IQR 28–50); 415 (55%) were underweight (defined as a body mass index [BMI] <18.5 kg/m2); and 198 (26%) experienced an unfavorable outcome. Unhealthy alcohol use was an independent risk factor for the composite unfavorable outcome (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR] 1.47, 9...
PLoS ONE, 2020
Setting Alcohol use increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease and is associated with worse outcomes. Objective To determine whether alcohol use affects TB severity at diagnosis in a high-burden setting. Design Participants were smear-positive people living with TB (PLWTB) in India. Disease severity was assessed as 1) high versus low smear grade, 2) time to positivity (TTP) on liquid culture, 3) chest radiograph cavitation, and 4) percent lung affected. Alcohol use and being at-risk for alcohol use disorders (AUD) were assessed using the AUDIT-C. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted. Results Of 1166 PLWTB, 691 (59.3%) were drinkers; of those, 518/691 (75.0%) were at-risk for AUD. Drinkers had more lung affected than non-drinkers (adjusted mean difference 10.8%, p<0.0001); this was not significant for those at-risk for AUD (adjusted mean difference 3.7%, p = 0.11). High smear grade (aOR 1.0, 95%CI: 0.7–1.4), cavitation (aOR 0.8, 95%CI 0.4–1.8), and TTP (mean ...
2009
Background In 2004, tuberculosis (TB) was responsible for 2.5% of global mortality (among men 3.1%; among women 1.8%) and 2.2% of global burden of disease (men 2.7%; women 1.7%). The present work portrays accumulated evidence on the association between alcohol consumption and TB with the aim to clarify the nature of the relationship. Methods A systematic review of existing scientific data on the association between alcohol consumption and TB, and on studies relevant for clarification of causality was undertaken.
Journal of Nepal Health Research Council
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Global studies on alcoholism among tuberculosis patients have found alcoholism to alter pharmacokinetics of medicines used in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), higher rate of defaults during the treatment and development of drugresistant forms of TB. 1-7 Studies carried out in India have found alcoholism to be a risk factor for TB mortality, factor for default in TB and reason for non-compliance under RNTCP. 8-10 These findings are corroborated by research from The Tuberculosis Research Centre (TRC) in India, who report alcoholism as a major underlying factor associated with default and mortality among TB patients. 11,12 Prevalence of current use of alcohol among the general population was 13% in Udupi taluk in 2011. 13 There is paucity of documented evidence on the prevalence of alcohol use among tuberculosis patients. The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence, patterns and associated factors of alcoholism among tuberculosis patients in Udupi taluk. Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in India. Several studies carried out in India have shown alcoholism as a risk factor for tuberculosis mortality, factor for default in TB and reason for non-compliance under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP). The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, pattern and associated factors of alcohol use among tuberculosis patients in Udupi taluk, Karnataka, India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the complete enumeration of all the cases undergoing Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) treatment in Primary Health Centre and Community Health Centre of Udupi taluk from March to April 2013. Interview was conducted to obtain the socio-demographic and health information and participants were screened using WHO developed Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for alcohol use. Results: Out of 123 participants, 78% were males, 86.2% were Hindu, 79.7% were married and 88.6% were from low socioeconomic status. About 20.3% (n=25) participants were alcoholic. Among them, 44% were low risk drinkers, 32% were hazardous drinkers, 4% were harmful drinkers and 20% were alcohol dependent. Age, sex, occupation, tobacco use, perceived health status and discrimination due to tuberculosis positive status were significantly associated with alcohol use. On logistic regression sex, tobacco use, perceived health status and facing discrimination due infection with tuberculosis were found to be factors associated with alcohol use. Conclusions: This study found a high prevalence of alcoholism among tuberculosis patients which is of concern and has to be addressed.
Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 2021
Background Alcohol use disorders (AUD) in tuberculosis patients are complicated with poor compliance to anti-tuberculosis treatment and poor tuberculosis treatment outcomes. However, aggregate data concerning this problem is not available. Therefore, this review aimed to fill the above gap by generating an average prevalence of AUD in tuberculosis patients. Method Our electronic search for original articles was conducted in the databases of Scopus, PubMed, and EMBASE, African Index Medicus, and psych-info. Besides, the reference list of selected articles was looked at manually to have further eligible articles for the prevalence and associated factors of AUD in tuberculosis patients. The random-effects model was employed during the analysis. MS-Excel was used to extract data and stata-11 to determine the average prevalence of AUD among tuberculosis patients. A sub-group analysis and sensitivity analysis were also run. A visual inspection of the funnel plots and an Eggers publication...
Alcohol use as a risk factor for tuberculosis – a systematic review
BMC Public Health, 2008
Background: It has long been evident that there is an association between alcohol use and risk of tuberculosis. It has not been established to what extent this association is confounded by social and other factors related to alcohol use. Nor has the strength of the association been established. The objective of this study was to systematically review the available evidence on the association between alcohol use and the risk of tuberculosis. Methods: Based on a systematic literature review, we identified 3 cohort and 18 case control studies. These were further categorized according to definition of exposure, type of tuberculosis used as study outcome, and confounders controlled for. Pooled effect sizes were obtained for each sub-category of studies. Results: The pooled relative risk across all studies that used an exposure cutoff level set at 40 g alcohol per day or above, or defined exposure as a clinical diagnosis of an alcohol use disorder, was 3.50 (95% CI: 2.01-5.93). After exclusion of small studies, because of suspected publication bias, the pooled relative risk was 2.94 (95% CI: 1.89-4.59). Subgroup analyses of studies that had controlled for various sets of confounders did not give significantly different results and did not explain the significant heterogeneity that was found across the studies. Conclusion: The risk of active tuberculosis is substantially elevated in people who drink more than 40 g alcohol per day, and/or have an alcohol use disorder. This may be due to both increased risk of infection related to specific social mixing patterns associated with alcohol use, as well as influence on the immune system of alcohol itself and of alcohol related conditions.
Tuberculosis and excess alcohol use in the United States, 1997-2012
The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2015
Excess alcohol use among tuberculosis (TB) patients complicates TB control strategies. To characterize the role of excess alcohol use in TB control, we describe the epidemiology of excess alcohol use and TB in the United States among those aged ⩾15 years. Using data reported to the National Tuberculosis Surveillance System, 1997-2012, we examined associations between excess alcohol use and TB treatment outcomes and markers for increased transmission (involvement in a local genotype cluster of cases) using multivariate logistic regression. We used Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to examine the relationship between excess alcohol use and the rate of conversion from positive to negative in sputum culture results. Excess alcohol use was documented for 31 207 (15.1%) of 207 307 patients. Prevalence of excess alcohol use was greater among male patients (20.6%) and US-born patients (24.6%). Excess alcohol use was associated with a positive sputum smear result (aOR 1.23, 95%CI ...
Association of Alcohol intake with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Control Study
Acta Scientific Nutritional Health
Background: India is the highest TB burden country in the world and accounts for nearly one fifth (20%) of global burden of TB. Every year approximately 1.80 million persons develop TB of which 0.82 million are infectious. Along with well-established risk factors such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), malnutrition, emerging variables such as diabetes, indoor air pollution, alcohol, use of immunosuppressive drugs, and tobacco smoke play a significant role at both the individual and population level. Objectives: To study the association of pulmonary tuberculosis among the alcohol users. Methodology: A community based Case-Control study was conducted in an area covered by all the ten (10) designated microscopy centers under West Tripura District. A total of 90 cat I pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 270 neighbourhood controls matched for age and sex were interviewed according to a predesigned interview schedule. Result: It has been observed that, the participants who consume alcohol had 3.2 times higher risk of developing Pulmonary Tuberculosis and this association was statistically significant [3.269 (P<0.0001)]. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption is associate with higher risk of Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis, commonly known as TB, is an infectious disease caused by various strains of Mycobacteria, especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB most commonly affects the lung. It can spread through the lymph nodes and blood stream to any organ in the body [1]. The risk factors for TB consists of epidemiological triad of agent, host and environment. The agent being the tubercle bacilli, a susceptible person as a host and an environment, which allows the bacilli to survive and transfer from one host to another. Alcohol consumption act as a risk factor by increasing the susceptibility of human host. India has the highest TB burden country in the world and accounts for nearly one fifth (20%) of global burden Volume 3 Issue
Pan African Medical Journal, 2020
Introduction: the main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in patients with Multi-Drug Treatment-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) compared with their non-tuberculosis control, and its association with disease pattern and associated medical comorbidities. Methods: MDR-TB patients (128) and their respective caregivers were interviewed in a treatment unit in Nigeria. Diagnosis of AUD was made using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorder, information was obtained on the severity of the TB and associated health problems.