Parameters for Design and Construction of a Pilot Scale Pyrolysis Gas-Furnace (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Modern Research in Engineering and Technology, 2022
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Design defects in a reactor often results in poor reactor performance. This study examined the effects of variations in burner holes and air to fuel ratio on thermal efficiency and emission characteristics of three locally fabricated gas cooking stoves with 48, 96 and 144 burner holes. The purpose of the study was to use the stove design with optimal efficiency and lowest emissions, as a model for improving the design of a gas-fired pyrolysis reactor that had air-fuel intake port defect with consequent incomplete combustion. The results of the study showed that stove with 96 burner holes produced the lowest emissions of 89.672 mg/m3 while stove with 144 burner holes was found to be the most fuel efficient with efficiency of 69.0. The results imply that a trade-off exists in the design of the burners to achieve either the most environmentally-friendly or most fuel-efficient burner. However, a compromise of the two objectives of maximizing fuel efficiency and minimizing emissions was ...
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Modeling of heat and mass transfer of fired heaters for refinery use was carried out to determine the equipment efficiency as well as the process and flue gas temperature variations. Previous research involving non-computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of fired heaters modeled individual sections of the heater with little attention to the other. In this study, transfer models were developed and compiled in the MATLAB environment for validation. Upon which, simulations were run to determine the most influential parameters affecting the performance of fired heaters. Research papers referenced in this study developed models by incorporating correlations established in the early 1950s’. This study differs in a sense that the formulas used to develop the model are generally modified using common engineering sense to accommodate the dimensions of a refinery fired heater. Initially, the research involved the modeling of separate sections of the heater encompassing heat and mass balan...
Thermodynamic analysis of heat and mass transfer in the combustion chamber of an industrial furnace
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CFD analysis of heavy fuel oil combustion in a 6.7 MW cylindrical vertically- fired furnace has been carried out. The furnace supplies process heat in the Oil refinery of the National oil company (INA) in Rijeka-Croatia. The motivation of the work was to improve the performance of the combustion process by changing fuel and burner parameters. The commercial CFD-code Fluent is used to model transport and reaction in the furnace. The chosen CFD models for heavy fuel oil spray combustion are compared with measurement data found in the literature and good agreement is achieved. The combustion process is investigated through the influence of different parameters: air excess ratio, fuel oil droplet diameter, spray cone half-angle and burner swirl number. It is determined that the best performance of the combustion process is achieved for an air excess ratio of 1.15. The droplet diameter should be neither too small nor too large: medium-sized droplets (~100 μm) mix well with air and reside...
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The design and development of a 50Kg charcoal fired crucible furnace for melting aluminium and its alloys are presented. Importance of Metal melting furnaces cannot be overemphasized in industrialized and under industrialized countries. A detailed designed analysis was conducted to determine the various component sizes of the crucible furnace so to pave way for its construction. Majority of the materials used for the furnace construction were obtained locally. The blower capacity was determined to be air to ratio of 400:1 and 0.05m 3 /min. The designed furnace of overall volumetric capacity of 0.57m 3 accommodates a crucible pot which had a height and volume of 0.577m and 0.0155m 3 respectively. The designed operating temperature of the furnace was 1200 o C and maintained a heat transfer rate of 494.2W/m 2 across the wall. The designed efficiency of the charcoal fired furnace was 59.35%.
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A pilot plant of biomass pyrolysis using pyrolysis products as fuel has been tested and shown to improve energy balance of the process and to be environmentally friendly by avoiding rejection of pyrolysis pollutants fumes into the atmosphere. The high number of parameters involved in a pyrolysis process makes it difficult to specify an optimum procedure for charcoal yield and pyrolysis cycle durability. So the knowledge of the essential parameters which govern the kinetics mechanisms of the biomass thermal decomposition and the combustion of pyrolysis gases is very useful to understand the operating cycle of the plant. In the present study a thermochemical model is developed in order to simulate and control the operating cycle of the system. The effect of the inlet molar air flow rate on the temporal evolution of biomass mass loss rate and temperatures in the different active zones of the pilot plant as well as the determination of the critical inlet molar air flow rate for which accidental runaway of combustion reactions occurs are presented. To avoid this accidental phenomenon a Proportional-Integral-Derived (PID) anticipated regulation is used in order to control temperatures evolution in the different zones of the device and avoid the runaway of combustion reactions.