Hospitalizaciones por asma infantil en Chile: 2001-2014 (original) (raw)
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Childhood Asthma and Allergies in Urban, Semiurban, and Rural Residential Sectors in Chile
The Scientific World Journal, 2013
While rural living protects from asthma and allergies in many countries, results are conflicting in Latin America. We studied the prevalence of asthma and asthma symptoms in children from urban, semiurban, and rural sectors in south Chile. A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted in semiurban and rural sectors in the province of Valdivia (n=559) using the ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) questionnaire. Results were compared to prevalence in urban Valdivia (n=3105) by using data from ISAAC III study. Odds ratios (+95% confidence intervals) were calculated. No statistical significant differences were found for asthma ever and eczema symptoms stratified by residential sector, but a gradient could be shown for current asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms with urban living having highest and rural living having lowest prevalence. Rural living was inversely associated in a statistical significant way with current asthma (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2–0...
BMJ Open Respiratory Research, 2021
BackgroundAlthough asthma has emerged as an important public health problem over recent decades in Latin America, there are limited published data on national hospital admission and mortality rates for asthma from countries in the region.ObjectiveTo analyse trends in asthma hospitalisation and mortality rates in Ecuador over a 19-year period from 2000 to 2018.MethodsHospital discharge and death certificates listing asthma, as defined in the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes (J45 and J46), were used to analyse time trends in rates of hospital admissions and mortality for asthma. The data were obtained from the Ecuadorian National Institute of Statistics and Census. Crude and age-standardised rates were estimated for the entire population. Additionally, specific rates by sex, age and region were estimated. We used joinpoint analysis to identify national trends.ResultDuring 2000–2018, a total of 58 250 hospitalisations and 1328 deaths due to asthma were ident...
Trends in hospital admissions due to asthma in north-west Spain from 1995 to 2007
Allergologia et Immunopathologia, 2010
Purpose: Asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood. Hospital admissions in the child population appear to be reducing in different populations. Methods: We have retrospectively analysed admissions into hospitals in our region due to asthma in a 0 to 14 years population, between the years 1995 and 2007. The age, sex, date of admission, and length of hospital stay of each patient was recorded and analysed. Results: A total of 9106 admissions (64% males) have been included. A gradual trend towards a reduction in admissions is observed during the period analysed. There were more admissions in 1996, with 2.91 per thousand inhabitants, gradually reducing to 1.33 per thousand in 2007. There were more admissions in May and between September and December, being less frequent in July and August. The mean stay in this period was 4.18 days, which was stable during the whole period of the study. Older children tended to have a longer hospital stay. Conclusions: Our study shows that admissions due to childhood asthma tend to be decreasing, particularly due to younger males, with no change in the length of hospital stay. Asthma exacerbations seemed to be associated with infections and exposure to allergens.
Allergologia et immunopathologia, 2021
Background: The Global Asthma Network (GAN) builds on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Objective: To compare asthma prevalence time trends in primary and secondary school children in four Mexican centers participating in ISAAC and GAN. Methods: GAN is a cross-sectional, multicenter, epidemiological methodology carried out in groups of primary school children aged 6-7 and adolescents aged 13-14 following the ISAAC Phase Three protocol, with additional questions on risk factors and asthma management. Results: Overall, the prevalence of asthma symptoms and diagnosis in primary school children was higher in males than in females both in ISAAC (p < 0.05) and in GAN (p < 0.01), while adolescent females had a higher prevalence, also both in ISAAC (p < 0.001) and in GAN (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma and its symptoms has increased from ISAAC Phase Three since 2003 to GAN Phase I in Mexico in 2019. These findings are in line with the increases observed in the centers with low asthma baseline prevalence in ISAAC Phase One in comparison with ISAAC Phase Three.
Respiratory Medicine, 2014
Objective: To assess the changes in incidence, use of mechanical ventilation, length of stay (LOS), costs and mortality of children (0e15 years) and young adults (16e45 years) hospitalized for asthma exacerbations. Methods: We included patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbations in Spain from 2002 to 2010 (ICD9-CM codes 493.0xe493.9x). The data were collected from the National Hospital Discharge Database (entire population). We calculated the yearly age-and sex-specific incidence rates for each of the two groups. Results: We included a total of 12,038 pediatric patients and 2792 young adults hospitalized for asthma exacerbations. Overall crude incidence decreased from 20.5 to 18.7 admissions per 100.000 inhabitants in the pediatric group (p < 0.05), and from 4.12 to 3.68 admissions per 100.000 inhabitants among young adults, from 2002 to 2010 (p < 0.05). By contrast, we detected a significant increase in the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in both groups.
Asthma severity in four countries of Latin America
BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 2019
Background: In Latin America, there is scarce information about severe asthma (SA) according to the ERS/ATS 2014 criteria. This study aimed to compare the demographic, socio, clinical characteristics, treatment, and use of healthcare resources between SA and non-severe asthma (NSA) patients in Argentina, Colombia, Chile and Mexico. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted including 594 asthma patients from outpatient specialized sites. A descriptive analysis was performed comparing SA patients and NSA. Chi-square and Mann Whitney tests were used to assess associations between asthma severity and outcome variables. Results: Using ERS/ATS 2014 criteria, 31.0% of the patients were identified as SA. SA patients were older at diagnosis (mean age 31.64 years vs 24.71 years, p < 0.001) and had higher proportion of uncontrolled asthma than the NSA patients (64.1% vs 53.2%, p < 0.001). SA patients reported a significantly higher proportion of both hospital admission and emergency room (ER) visits due to asthma in the last year, compared with NSA patients, 8.7% vs. 3.7% (p = 0.011) and 37.0% vs. 21.7% (p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: SA patients were older, had greater proportions in some comorbidities and experienced increased healthcare utilization. Also, our results showed that even in patients using the last steps of treatment (GINA step 4 or 5), there was still a higher proportion of uncontrolled disease.
Factors Associated with Severe Disease in a Population of Asthmatic Children of Bogota, Colombia
Journal of Asthma, 2008
Background. There is evidence that prevalence and severity of asthma in children has risen. Risk factors for severe asthma have been studied extensively in children living in developed countries, but little is known about factors determining the severity of asthma in Latin American countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of suspected, potential risk factors for asthma severity in a population of children living in urban Bogota. Methods. We studied 175 children, 2 to 16 years old, with asthma attending an asthma clinic. Severe cases and nonsevere asthmatic subjects were compared regarding suspected, potential pre-, peri-, and postnatal risk factors. Results. After controlling for asthma duration, we found that children never breast fed (OR, 11.53; 95% CI, 2.35-56.50; p = 0.003), mothers 30 years or younger at the child's birth (OR, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.23-9.63; p = 0.019), usual use of acetaminophen for fever in the child in the 12 months previous to the survey application (OR, 3.13; 95% CI, 1.14-8.56; p = 0.026), older siblings at birth (OR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.28-11.32; p = 0.016), and primary or secondary school as the highest level of education attained by mother (OR, 3.20; 95% CI, 1.01-10.07; p = 0.046) were all independent predictors of severe asthma. Conclusion. No breastfeeding, maternal age at child's birth of less than 30 years, routine use of acetaminophen for fever in the child in the 12 months previous to the survey application, older siblings at birth, and primary or secondary school as the highest level of education attained by mother were independent predictors of severe asthma. Some of these risk factors are clearly modifiable. Further prospective, population-based studies with a bigger sample size and a more representative sample of the general population residing in the city are needed to retest and clarify these associations.
Trends in asthma mortality in the 0-to 4-year and 5-to 34-year age groups in Brazil
Objective: To provide an update on trends in asthma mortality in Brazil for two age groups: 0-4 years and 5-34 years. Methods: Data on mortality from asthma, as defined in the International Classification of Diseases, were obtained for the 1980-2014 period from the Mortality Database maintained by the Information Technology Department of the Brazilian Unified Health Care System. To analyze time trends in standardized asthma mortality rates, we conducted an ecological time-series study, using regression models for the 0-to 4-year and 5-to 34-year age groups. Results: There was a linear trend toward a decrease in asthma mortality in both age groups, whereas there was a third-order polynomial fit in the general population. Conclusions: Although asthma mortality showed a consistent, linear decrease in individuals ≤ 34 years of age, the rate of decline was greater in the 0-to 4-year age group. The 5-to 34-year group also showed a linear decline in mortality, and the rate of that decline increased after the year 2004, when treatment with inhaled corticosteroids became more widely available. The linear decrease in asthma mortality found in both age groups contrasts with the nonlinear trend observed in the general population of Brazil. The introduction of inhaled corticosteroid use through public policies to control asthma coincided with a significant decrease in asthma mortality rates in both subsets of individuals over 5 years of age. The causes of this decline in asthma-related mortality in younger age groups continue to constitute a matter of debate.