Methylation of the tumor associated genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (original) (raw)
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Successful treatment of recurrent unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck using pembrolizumab, 2019
The study objective is to report a case of successful treatment of recurrent unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck using pembrolizumab (selective inhibitor, preventing the interaction between the programmed death receptor 1 (PD1) and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2). Materials and methods. A 72-year-old male patient was admitted to the Clinic of Head and Neck Tumors, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center with the following diagnosis: primary metachronous malignant tumors: 1) oropharyngeal cancer T2N3M0 (after chemoradiotherapy, no relapse or metastases), 2) skin cancer of the left ear (T2N0M0, stage II, after combination treatment); relapse. After multiple surgeries for repeated relapses and external beam radiotherapy in March 2017, the patient was found to have new metastatic lesions in the retropharyngeal lymph nodes and paravertebral soft tissues of the neck (left side). The tumor was considered unresectable. The patient had high level of PD-L1 expression in the tumor (50 %), therefore, it was decided to initiate treatment with PD-1 inhibitors. The patient received pembrolizumab (keytruda) 200 mg once every three weeks (7 courses). Results. Positron emission tomography performed in February 2018 demonstrated no increased uptake of radiopharmaceutical in the retropharyngeal lymph nodes and paravertebral soft tissues of the neck, which were earlier affected. Since that time, the patient demonstrates sustained remission without any therapy. Conclusion. This case not only shows high efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors for aggressive recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, but also opens new opportunities for the treatment of weakened patients after chemotherapy and radiation exposure. Key words: head and neck tumors, squamous cell carcinoma, PD-1 inhibitors, immunotherapy, pembrolizumab For citation: Mudunov А.М., Gelfand I.М., Ryzhova О.D. et al. Successful treatment of recurrent unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck using pembrolizumab. Opukholi golovy i shei = Head and Neck Tumors 2019;9(1):93–8
Methylsensitive Comet Assay: Analysis of Dna Methylation Level in Glioblastoma T98G Cell Line
Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Biology
Methylsensitive comet electrophoresis is based on the assessment of the level of DNA migration from individual lysed cells after treatment with methylsensitive restriction enzymes. Using model human lymphocytes, the optimal combination of restriction intensity and electrophoresis time was selected and a new approach for evaluating the relative level of DNA methylation was proposed. It was established that in the cells of the T98G culture, which are actively proliferating, the level of methylation is higher than in cells arrested at the G1 phase of the cell cycle. At the same time, the level of DNA methylation in G1 cells of the T98G line is significantly lower compared to lymphocytes.
Auricular acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma with neck metastasis and lethal outcome: Case report
Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo, 2015
Introduction. Acantholytic squamous cell (adenosquamous) carcinoma of the skin are relatively rare subtype of squamous cell carcinoma, usually found in elderly on sun-exposed areas of the skin, predominately head, neck and upper extremities. Incidence of metastasis is 2-14%. Case Outline. A case of a 76-year-old male, with the signs of left-sided facial palsy and cervical mass on the same side, is presented. Five months prior to the visit, due to acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma, an excision of the ulceration of the superior third of the left auricle was performed. Patient underwent surgical treatment, after pathohistological and radiological confirmation of the infiltrative neck metastasis. Postoperatively, rapid locoregional progression of the disease was noted in the patient, with a lethal outcome. Conclusion. Squamous cell carcinoma (including acantholytic subtype) with lesions bigger than 4 cm in size in auricular-temporal region, signs of deep tissue invasion, and lymphova...
DNA Methylation As an Epigenetic Mechanism in the Development of Multiple Sclerosis
Acta Naturae, 2021
The epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression regulation are a group of the key cellular and molecular pathways that lead to inherited alterations in genes activity without changing their coding sequence. DNA methylation at the C5 position of cytosine in CpG dinucleotides is amongst the central epigenetic mechanisms. Currently, the number of studies that are devoted to the identification of methylation patterns specific to multiple sclerosis (MS), a severe chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, is on a rapid rise. However, the issue of the contribution of DNA methylation to the development of the different clinical phenotypes of this highly heterogeneous disease has only begun to attract the attention of researchers. This review summarizes the data on the molecular mechanisms underlying DNA methylation and the MS risk factors that can affect the DNA methylation profile and, thereby, modulate the expression of the genes involved in the diseases pathogenesis. The foc...
Voprosy onkologii
Cancer-testis (CT) antigens are characterized by normal expression predominantly in human germ cells and aberrant presence in tumours. This expression profile makes possible potential use of CT antigens as biomarkers of transformed cells and as promising targets for tumour immunotherapy. Specificity of CT genes expression in oral potentially malignant diseases, for example in oral leukoplakia, are virtually unknown. Knowledge of CT genes expression profile in leukoplakia would allow to develop new diagnostic methods, potential immunotherapy and prophilaxis of leukoplakia malignization. In our study we compared CT genes expression in normal oral mucosa, oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. For the first time CT genes expression was found in oral leukoplakia without dysplasia. This makes impossible differentially diagnose oral leukoplakia from squamous cell carcinoma on the basis of CT genes expression. Also longitudinal studies are necessary to reveal the prognostic val...
Blood
2505 The 11q23 MLL gene is commonly rearranged by a diverse range of chromosomal translocations in B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia and, in particular, in infants less than one year of age. These genomic lesions, commonly identified as MLL (MLL-R) rearrangements via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), are highly variable but consistently encode for MLL fusion proteins that function as transcriptional deregulators of HOX genes, leading to sustained high expression of MEIS1 and many HOXA gene family members. The incidence of MLL-R in T-ALL has not been studied extensively, but has been reported to occur in approximately 1–3% of cases. Using the Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 microarray to assess gene expression, we hypothesized that over-expression of MEIS1, HOXA9 and HOXA10 could be use to screen for MLL-R in a cohort of 214 T-ALL cases from recent…