Endothelial Function Assessment in Patients with Erectile Dysfunction (original) (raw)
Related papers
The world journal of men's health, 2015
To evaluate the association of self-reported erectile function and endothelial function using the EndoPAT device. We prospectively enrolled 76 men (age≥40 years) after obtaining a complete medical history and a self-reported questionnaire (International Index of Erectile Function-5 [IIEF-5], SEP Q2, Q3). Endothelial function was noninvasively measured with an EndoPAT 2000, recorded as the reactive hyperemia index (RHI), and analyzed according to the patients' baseline characteristics. The mean patient age and IIEF-5 score were 62.50±8.56 years and 11.20±6.36, respectively. In comparing the RHI according to erectile dysfunction (ED) risk factors, the RHI was significantly lower in older subjects (p=0.004). There was no difference in the RHI according to age, body mass index, waist circumference, obesity, smoking habit, or other comorbidities. When the subjects were divided into four groups according to the severity of ED, no statistical differences in the RHI value were found amo...
Evaluation of function of vascular endothelium at patients with erectile dysfunctions
Any information contained in this pdf file is automatically generated from digital material submitted to EPOS by third parties in the form of scientific presentations. References to any names, marks, products, or services of third parties or hypertext links to thirdparty sites or information are provided solely as a convenience to you and do not in any way constitute or imply ECR's endorsement, sponsorship or recommendation of the third party, information, product or service. ECR is not responsible for the content of these pages and does not make any representations regarding the content or accuracy of material in this file. As per copyright regulations, any unauthorised use of the material or parts thereof as well as commercial reproduction or multiple distribution by any traditional or electronically based reproduction/publication method ist strictly prohibited. You agree to defend, indemnify, and hold ECR harmless from and against any and all claims, damages, costs, and expenses, including attorneys' fees, arising from or related to your use of these pages. Please note: Links to movies, ppt slideshows and any other multimedia files are not available in the pdf version of presentations. www.myESR.org
International Journal of Impotence Research, 2006
We tried to compare the parameters of nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity (NPTR) testing with erectile function (EF) domain score of International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), which is used in diagnosis and determining the severity of erectile dysfunction (ED), and to assess the sufficiency of IIEF in the diagnosis of ED. A total of 90 men, mean age 46 years (24-75), presenting with ED to our clinic between January 2001 and March 2003 were included in the trial. All the men answered the standard IIEF (15 questions) forms and was divided into four groups as mild ED, moderate ED, severe ED and no ED according to the EF domain score that is obtained from 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 15th questions. Then NPTR testing with the RigiScan Plus monitoring device was performed for two consecutive nights on those men. The distribution of the six parameters of NPTR testing (number of erections, duration of erections, TAU base, RAU base, TAU tip, RAU tip) among the four groups and the correlation with IIEF-EF domain score were evaluated. Additionally, the distribution of the risk factors (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerotic heart disease, dyslipidemia and smoking) was analyzed both among the four groups and in each group. According to IIEF-EF domain scores of 90 patients, 16 (18%) had severe ED, 21 (23%) moderate ED, 41 (46%) mild ED and 12 (13%) no ED. There was no statistically significant difference between the risk factors among the men in these groups (P40.05). When the IIEF-EF domain scores were compared with parameters of NPTR testing, no statistically significant difference was obtained among ED groups (mild, moderate, severe) (P40.05). However, we observed a statistically significant difference between three ED groups and no ED group (Po0.05). If NPTR testing is considered as a gold standard test, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of IIEF-EF domain score in ED diagnosis are 100, 17.9, 29.4 and 100% respectively. In conclusion, we did not observe a clinical correlation between IIEF-EF domain scores and NPTR parameters in the whole population; however, we observed that if IIEF-EF domain scores were normal, NPTR parameters were also normal. In other words, we can say that if the initial IIEF-EF domain scores are normal, then we do not have to perform NPTR testing. This could be helpful to make a cost-effective diagnosis.
The Endothelial–Erectile Dysfunction Connection: An Essential Update
The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2009
Introduction. The endothelial monolayer plays a crucial role in the vasodilation and hemodynamic events involved in erection physiology. Due to its relevant functions, a close link has been established between endothelial integrity and erectile dysfunction (ED). Endothelial dysfunction is induced by the detrimental actions of vascular risk factors (VRFs), identified as common correlates for the development of cardiovascular disease and ED. It is currently recognized that ED is the early harbinger of a more generalized vascular systemic disorder, and, therefore, an evaluation of endothelial health in ED patients should be of prime relevance. Several noninvasive methods for endothelial function assessment have been proposed, including the Penile Nitric Oxide Release Test (PNORT). Aim. To highlight the most recent gathered knowledge on basic and clinical mechanisms underlying loss of cavernosal endothelial function promoted by VRFs and to discuss local and systemic methods for endothelial function assessment in ED individuals, focusing on the PNORT. Main Outcome Measures. A complete revision on the novel basic and clinical links between endothelial and ED. Methods. A systematic review of the literature regarding the aforementioned issues. Results. Risk factor-associated cavernosal endothelial dysfunction is mostly induced by unifying mechanisms, including oxidative stress and impaired endothelial nitric oxide functional activities, which present clinically as ED. Several techniques to evaluate endothelial dysfunction were revised, with advantages and limitations debated, focusing on our detailed expertise using the PNORT method. Conclusions. The established endothelial-erectile dysfunction connection was thoroughly revised, from basic mechanisms to the clinical importance of endothelial dysfunction assessment as diagnosis for generalized vascular disease. Further studies are required to disclose efficient approaches to repair disabled endothelium and both restore and prevent endothelial dysfunction. Costa C, and Virag R. The endothelial-erectile dysfunction connection:
Standardization of Vascular Assessment of Erectile Dysfunction
The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2013
In-office evaluation of erectile dysfunction by color duplex Doppler ultrasound (CDDU) may benefit the decision-making process in regard to choosing the most appropriate therapy. Unfortunately, there is no uniform standardization in performing CDDU resulting in high variability in data expression and interpretation when comparing results among various centers, especially when conducting multicenter trials. Establishing standard operating procedures (SOPs) is a major step that will help minimize such variability. Aim. This SOP describes CDDU procedure with focus on establishing uniformity and normative parameters. Main Outcome Measure. Measure intra-arterial diameter, peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, and resistive index for each cavernosal artery. Methods. After initial discussion with the patient about his history and International Index of Erectile Function evaluation describe procedural steps to the patient. Perform the CDDU in a relaxed state, scanning the entire penis (in B-mode image) using a 7.5-to 12-MHz linear array ultrasound probe. An intracorporal injection of a single or combination of vasoactive agents (e.g., prostaglandin E1, phentolamine, and papaverine) is then administered and CDDU performed at various time points, preferably with audiovisual sexual stimulation (AVSS). Results. Monitor penile erection response (tumescence and rigidity) near peak blood flow. Self-stimulation or AVSS leaving the patient alone in room or redosing may be considered to decrease any anxiety and help achieve a maximum rigid erection. Conclusion. Considering the complexity and heterogeneity of CDDU evaluation, this communication will help in standardization and establish uniformity in such data interpretation. When indicated, invasive diagnostic testing involving (i) penile angiography and (ii) cavernosography/cavernosometry to establish veno-occlusive dysfunction may be recommended to facilitate further treatment options. Sikka SC, Hellstrom WJG, Brock G, and Morales AM. Standardization of vascular assessment of erectile dysfunction.
Is endothelial function impaired in erectile dysfunction patients?
International Journal of Impotence Research, 2005
Erectile dysfunction (ED) and vascular disease are thought to be linked at the level of the endothelium. Endothelial dysfunction, resulting in the inability of the smooth muscle cells lining the arterioles to relax, prevents vasodilatation. Likewise, penile erection depends on the relaxation of smooth muscle in the corpus cavernosum and the wall of small arteries. The aim was to assess the systemic vascular function in patients with ED. In all, 32 ED patients diagnosed with Doppler Ultrasound and the International Index of Erectile Function-5-item questionnaire and 25 healthy men as a control group enrolled to the study. They all underwent the tests including serum glucose and lipid levels. Echocardiography and exercise stress test was performed routinely. Baseline demographics (body mass index, heart rate and blood pressures), fasting glucose and lipid levels were not significantly different between ED and control groups. Endothelial-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilatation and brachial artery response to 0.4 mg nitroglycerine (NTG) were measured. Participants were negative on exercise stress test, and echocardiographic parameters including ejection fraction were similar. Endothelial-dependent brachial artery percent diameter change with flow-mediated dilatation (6.0172.9 vs 12.373.5) and brachial artery response to NTG (12.874.2 vs 17.875.2) were significantly different between groups (Po0.001). We found that endothelial function was impaired in ED patients with no apparent cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. This impaired function might be explained by the abnormality in systemic nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate vasodilator system and suggest that ED and vascular disease may be linked at the level of the endothelium.
Scientific Reports, 2022
Dynamic duplex sonography (DUS) is not comprehensive in the evaluation of arteriogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). We introduced a new parameter, the flow index (FI), into the assessment of arteriogenic ED. A retrospective review of a prospective database was conducted. Patients undergoing DUS and pelvic computed tomography angiography for the evaluation of ED were included. The FI was calculated from peak systolic velocity (PSV) and the percentages of pelvic arterial (PLA) stenosis. Correlations between PSV, PLA stenosis, the FI, and erectile function were calculated. Eighty-three patients were included. Compared with PSV, the FI had better correlations with the erection hardness score (EHS) (r s = 0.405, P < 0.001 for FI; r s = 0.294, P = 0.007 for PSV). For EHS < 3, the areas under the ROC curve of FI and PSV were 0.759 and 0.700, respectively. In patients with normal DUS but EHS < 3, PLA stenosis was more severe (62.5% vs. 10.0%, P = 0.015), and the FI was lower (8.35 vs. 57.78, P = 0.006), while PSV was not different. The FI is better than PSV in the evaluation of arteriogenic ED. On the other hand, assessment of the pelvic arterial system should be included in the evaluation of ED. Nearly 50% of men aged 40-70 years suffer from erectile dysfunction (ED) 1. The aetiology of ED can be classified as psychogenic, organic, and mixed. Arterial insufficiency or stenosis, which accounts for approximately 75% of all ED cases, is the major cause in men who have metabolic disorders or cardiovascular diseases 2-8. The cavernous artery, which is derived from the internal iliac artery and its division, including the anterior division of the internal iliac artery, internal pudendal artery, and common penile artery, affects tumescence of the corpus cavernosum and is responsible for erection 9. Dynamic duplex sonography (DUS), which measures the blood flow velocity of the cavernous artery, is commonly used for the evaluation of arteriogenic ED. According to current European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines, a peak systolic blood flow (PSV) > 30 cm/s, an end-diastolic velocity (EDV) < 3 cm/s, and a resistance index (RI) > 0.8 are generally considered normal 10. On the other hand, multislice computed tomography angiography (CTA), which has become another diagnostic tool for arteriogenic ED, is able to clearly depict the anatomy of the pelvic arterial (PLA) system and accurately measure anatomical stenosis 11-14. Although current measurements from DUS and CTA are commonly used for the evaluation of arteriogenic ED, these measurements may not be comprehensive enough in theory because they provide only partial haemodynamic data, such as "velocity" or "diameter". In fact, several studies have indicated that a diagnosis of arteriogenic ED cannot be made with to the use of PSV alone 15,16. Furthermore, in our experience, we noticed that the results from DUS may not be comparable to clinical observations. Some patients who have normal DUS results still have poor penile hardness after intracavernous injection of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), suggesting that current measurements from DUS may not be comprehensive enough for diagnosing vasculogenic ED.