The Effect of Activating Fluxes on 316L Stainless Steel Weld Joint Characteristic in Tig Welding Using the Taguchi Method (original) (raw)
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The effect of activating fluxes in TIG welding by using Anova for SS 321
Gas tungsten arc welding is fundamental in those industries where it is important to control the weld bead shape and its metallurgical characteristics. However, compared to the other arc welding process, the shallow penetration of the TIG welding restricts its ability to weld thick structures in a single pass (~ 2 mm for stainless steels), thus its productivity is relativity low. This is why there have been several trials to improve the productivity of the TIG welding. The use of activating flux in TIG welding process is one of such attempts. In this study, first, the effect of each TIG welding parameters on the weld's joint strength was shown and then, the optimal parameters were determined using the Taguchi method with L9 (9) orthogonal array. SiO2 and TiO2 oxide powders were used to investigate the effect of activating flux on the TIG weld mechanical properties of 321austenitic stainless steel. The experimental results showed that activating flux aided TIG welding has increased the weld penetration, tending to reduce the width of the weld bead. The SiO2 flux produced the most noticeable effect. Furthermore, the welded joint presented better tensile strength and hardness.
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, 2017
Three input machine parameters namely current, welding speed and gas flow rate at three different levels have been considered in order to find out the influence of parameters on weld bead geometry, i.e. weld bead width, penetration and angular distortion. Taguchi method has been used in order to analyse the effect of various parameters on the weld geometry. Orthogonal array L9 has been applied for conduct in the experimentation. Based on the experimental data, the mathematical model has been developed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). It is found that TIG welding with flux powder SiO 2 increases the penetration and decreases the bead width, and tends to reduce angular distortion of the welds.
Study into the Performance of Activated TIG Process in AISI 316 Stainless Steel Weldments
Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding continues to be one of the major welding processes used in the industry for high quality weld joints. The published work reports that the major limitations of TIG welding of steels are due to the limited thickness of material which can be welded in a single pass, poor tolerance, cast variations and the low productivity. An increase productivity can be achieved by increasing the penetration depth, as it helps reducing the number of welding passes. Activated TIG (A-TIG) welding process can be beneficial in this respect. .In the present study an attempt has been made to understand the effect of A-TIG welding parameters such as type of welding, welding current, gas flow rate, welding speed that influences performance measures such as tensile and impact strength of weld joint by using Taguchi optimization technique. The effort to predict optimal parametric settings and their contribution on producing better weld quality and higher productivity has been di...
Parametric Study & Optimization of TIG Welding Process on Stainless Steel 304
International Engineering Research Journal (IERJ), 2017
ARTICLE INFO Stainless steels are widely used in thermal power plant, pressure vessels and automobiles components. The advantage of using stainless steels are superior fracture toughness, good inter granular corrosion resistance and non-requirement of post process annealing. TIG welding process is carried out to reduce heat affected zone.Whenmaterial is operated at high pressure it increases there efficiency because of its property to reduce crack growth at high pressure. Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is capable of achieving the highest quality welds. TIG welding can be used with virtually any weld-able metals, including dissimilar metals and thickness from 0.5mm upwards. This paper describes the optimization of process parameters like current, weld speed, and flow rate of gas to improve weld quality. To find these optimal parameters we used Taguchi Method. In this study we found that Input current& weld speed are the most significant parameters. Finally, the strength of the weld is validated by tensile and bending test.
Transactions of Indian Institute of Metals, volume: 70, Issue 3, 2017
This research investigation articulates the joining of AISI 316 L austenitic stainless steel plates of thickness 5 mm by activated tungsten inert gas (A-TIG) welding. Prior to the welding, the optimization of process parameters and the selection of suitable flux have been carried out to join the plates in a single pass welding. The experimental results show that the complete weld penetration can be achieved by using activating flux. The microscopic study divulges the presence of delta ferrite, sigma phase and various forms of austenite in the weld zone. Fischer Feritscope result indicates that the delta ferrite content in the weld is higher (7.8 FN) than the base metal (1.3 FN) which results in superior mechanical properties of the weld. Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) fractography reveals that the failure of weldments occurs in ductile mode. 180°bend test study reveals the good ductility of the joint.
Experimental Analysis on TIG welding process parameters of SS304 By Using Taguchi Method
Tungsten Inert Gas welding is one of the most widely used techniques for joining ferrous and non ferrous metal. The arc is generated between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and work-piece, Argon gas protects the molten metal form any chemical reaction with he surrounding environment. The SS304 material used for experimental work.In this project SS304 sheet material having 3 mm thickness will weld using TIG welding.
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This paper presents an effect of welding process parameters on the mechanical and microstructural properties of dissimilar SS304-SS202 joints welded with TIG welding process with Inconel625 filler wire of diameter 3.2mm. The input parameter chosen were the welding current, welding speed and gas flow rate. The mechanical properties (output responses) chosen wereimpact toughness and bending strength. A plan of experiments based on L9 orthogonal array (OA) of Taguchi method has been used to acquire the data. Statistical techniquesanalysis of variance (ANOVA) and signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio have been employed to investigate the welding characteristics of dissimilar metal joint & optimize the welding parameters. The maximum values of impact strength and bending strength were found to be 7.3KJ/mm and 962.79N/mm respectively. The optimal combination of parameters was determined as A2B1C3 i.e. welding current at 115 Amp, welding speed at 1.5mm/sec and gas flow rate at the 12lit / min for im...
Effect of process parameter during TIG welding on SS304
International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 2017
Gas Tungsten Arc welding (GTAW) or Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) is an electric arc welding process, which produces an arc between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and the work to be welded. TIG is used very commonly in areas, such as rail car manufacturing, automotive and chemical industries. Stainless steel is extensively used in industries as an important material, because of its excellent corrosion resistance. TIG welding is one of the welding processes, often used to weld similar and dissimilar metals. The major areas of research have been in characterization of weld, parameter optimization and strength of welded joints. This paper is aimed at, to give a brief idea about the research works done in the past, on TIG welding of stainless steel by various researchers, by highlighting the important conclusions and results arrived at and thereby providing the right direction for fresh researchers as well as for practical field.
A novel perception toward welding of stainless steel by activated TIG welding: a review
Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2020
Stainless steel is a widely used material in various industries such as aerospace, chemical processing and transportation. Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) or Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process is extensively used for joining thin sections of stainless steel. However, it is not useful in joining thick sections in a single pass. Activated TIG (A-TIG) significantly increases weld penetration up to 1.5-4 times in a single pass. Because of its deep penetration ability, A-TIG is the focus of research amongst the researchers. This article reports the mechanisms associated with A-TIG, effects of various weld parameters on weld bead geometry and optimization techniques to optimize the process variable of the A-TIG welding process. The present work also analyzes the consequence of activated fluxes on microstructure and mechanical properties of A-TIG weld metal. Along with this, recent developments in the TIG welding process have been discussed. The study concludes that the A-TIG welding process enhances the weld penetration to a great extent, but a high amount of slug gets deposited on the weld surface. This drawback can be overcome by novel variants of the A-TIG welding process such as Flux Bounded TIG (FB-TIG) and Flux Zone TIG (FZ-TIG) welding processes which enhance the future scope of research.
Welding of 304L Stainless Steel with Activated Tungsten Inert Gas Process (A-TIG
Gas tungsten arc welding is a popular process in those applications requiring a high degree of quality and accuracy. However, this process has a big disadvantage against the substantially high productivity welding procedures. Hence, many efforts have been made to improve its productivity. One of these efforts is the use of activating flux (A-TIG welding). In this study, the performance of A-TIG welding on 304L austenitic stainless steel plates has been presented. Two oxide fluxes, TiO 2 and SiO 2 were used to investigate the effect of A-TIG welding process on weld morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties of weldments. The experimental results indicated that A-TIG welding could increase the weld penetration and depth-to-wide ratio. It was also found that A-TIG welding could increase the delta-ferrite content of weld metals and improve the mechanical properties. Moreover, a 2D axial symmetric model was developed to simulate the flow behavior in the melting pool. These results were compared to those experiments carried out on a stainless steel (304L) melted by a stationary heat source.