KAZEROS Nikos, Contemporary public space in Athens. The case of the city centre. (original) (raw)
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Public Space, Infrastructure, Landscape: an interdisciplinary matrix for urban spatial continuity
The Journal of Public Space, 2017
Spatial growth of cities corresponded to new theoretical and practical knowledge capacities with new kinds of urban infrastructures, new services organisation and new construction methods, of XIX and most of XX century's industrial space production. The decline of those capacities and a " crisis " of modern models, followed by the still ongoing post-industrial transition process of the past 50 years are translated in many different forms of spatial, social, economic and cultural organisation and diversity of emerging urban contexts. Contemporary processes seem to carry difficulties in understanding and conducting urban transformation in such diverse and changing context. What strategic elements can be used to interpret and act in such contexts? In this paper we intend to show an interdisciplinary perspective of public space as part of strategic and theoretical principles recognised by several fields of urban knowledge and practice: we include the spatial continuity of the Commons in those structuring principles, as a notion of urban " publicness ". These new perspectives require a perception of public space that goes beyond traditional city references, to other peripheral or scattered urban areas, but maintaining its fundamental structuring role, as systemic and interactive reference for complex urban environments. Through a study on the specific case of the South Bank of Lisbon Metropolitan Area, we present a conceptual operative matrix, based on the hypothesis of strategic interaction between urban systems, aiming for its structuring potential for spatial continuity – public space, infrastructure and landscape. Outputs of this study aim at a contribution to a more flexible and interactive structuring approach to urban design and planning, focused on interdisciplinary perspectives of public space production.
Urban Public Spaces - from Economics to Management (A. Polko)
Urban Public Spaces - Economics and Management Perspectives, Eds. K. Heffner, A. Polko, Studia Regionalia, No 34/2012, 2012
Debates about urban public are multi-dimensional and multi-objective, focusing on design, environmental, social, economic and political aspects. Most writers on this issue recognize a general decline and crisis of public spaces. However, a comparison of contemporary urban public spaces only with historical patterns, and at the same time not taking into account present urban development trends, can lead to simplifi cation in assessment of public spaces conditions. The main objective of this theoretical paper is a short overview of study approaches in urban public space economics and then identify the key challenges of urban public spaces management. This paper describes urban public space as a local public good and discusses its transformations as a result of urban development changes.
The Requalification of Public Spaces: A challenge for Sustainable Urban Development
The Requalification of Public Spaces: A challenge for Sustainable Urban Development, 2022
The city's growth and rhythms, urban reorganization and transformation of spaces, changes in their uses, and the evolution of the daily practices of the city's social groups raise the question of the issues and interests raised by the requalification of public spaces in terms of their symbolic, esthetic, and functional value. The articles' findings are based on a case study of the Constantine city project "Modernization Plan of the Constantine Metropolis" (PMMC). This new development strategy is primarily based on a program of activities centered on the rehabilitation and upgrading of central urban spaces and the residential proximity of central districts, as well as the realization of internationally emblematic projects that would change the image of the city and bring it into the modern era. The results have demonstrated that it is a matter of concern that the ideal to be achieved should be urban public spaces that are not based on a closed single principle but rather on an open system resulting from the interaction of all actors united. Conviviality and citizen participation are key words for urban modernization and development projects.
The place of the privately owned public space in the contemporary city
This article discusses a specific type of public space: The Privately Owned Public Space, or POPS, which originated from the 1961 revision of the New York Zoning Resolution, offering legal incentives of increased floor area to buildings providing street-level spaces for public use. POPS with similar regulations can currently be found in cities such as San Francisco, Boston, Detroit, Santiago, Hong Kong and Tokyo. In Brazil, from 2013, the city of São Paulo began to adopt the term " Public Use " for privately owned public spaces in its Strategic Planning Legislation. Changes to cities in recent decades through the spread of large-scale urban projects make this discussion of POPS timely. 'Placemaking' and 'placemarketing' techniques have created places in regions lacking in centrality, which Castello (2013) terms " eccentric centres " , diluting the boundaries between public and private. This article presents the disciplinary context of the discussion of Privately Owned Public Spaces and considers some typological experiences. It then addresses the conflicts they cause in the urban setting and the potential for public appropriation of this type of space. It concludes with the need for a plural understanding of what kind of system of urban spaces might meet the growing demand for urban places, given that conditions in cities are leading exploration of every opportunity for the creation of appropriate public spaces. Perhaps it is in the light of this that authors such as Ascher (2010), Carmona (2014) and Chung et al. (2001) have defined new parameters for dealing with this important element of the urban environment. Published online in Portuguese on THESIS – REVISTA DA ANPARQ: http://anparq.web965.uni5.net/artigo.php?num=4&l=/revista-thesis/article/view/88
Public Space, Infrastructure, Landscape: an interdisciplinary matrix for urban continuity
The spatial growth of the industrial city corresponds not just to utopia but to a new capacity of production: new kinds of urbanization infrastructures, new urban services organization and new theoretical and practical knowledge, that gave origin to the discipline of urbanism. The decline of this capacity comes with a “crisis” of the industrial model followed by a transition process to a post-industrial urbanity, with complex characteristics that are difficult to synthesize as a uniform model. Rather than focusing on a single system, this transformation process emphasizes different forms of spatial, social, economic and cultural organization and the diversity of emerging urban contexts. The transition seems to carry indeterminacies, difficulties in understanding and conducting transformation in a more uncertain context. If complexity is growing, what elements or strategies can we use to interpret and act in these spaces, in contexts of changing conditions and latent uncertainty? In this paper we intend to show an interdisciplinary perspective, encompassing some of the deficits of knowledge, to discuss the complexity of a transition phase. We seek to characterize the new post industrial urban places and the strategic theoretical principle of urbanity – continuity – using a contextual review through a study on the specific case of the South Bank of Lisbon Metropolitan Area. We present a conceptual and operative matrix, based on the hypothesis of urban systems with structuring potential – landscape, infrastructure and public space – as a strategy for the continuity of the Commons. Other outputs of this study aim at a contribution to a more flexible and interactive approach to urban design and planning, focused on interdisciplinary perspectives of urban space production.
The right to the city. The city as common good. Between social politics and urban planning
This Cahier de la Faculté d’Architecture LaCambre-Horta aims to contribute to the scientific debate on the right to the city, exploring the variety of objects, processes, structures, and relations – both at the conceptual, abstract and theoretical level as well as at the practical, experiential, and material one – that this idea has inspired. The publication offers multiple analysis of the relations between this concept and its application in the urban planning domain, providing a number of examples on how the concept of the right to the city can give practical guidance on urban development. The focus is thus on policies, programmes and projects that aim to intervene in the diverse processes of urbanization and different forms of urban structures and urbanity present in the northern and southern countries, addressing issues of equity, rights, democracy, differences (socio-economic, cultural, etc.) and ecology. The publication aims to explore the socio-spatial relations embedded in alternative approaches – at policy, planning and design level – and emergent practices of urban regeneration, upgrading, development, and management activated by grassroots movements, government agencies or different actors/institutions. This is the reason why we decided to explore the idea of the right to the city within the dialectical confrontation of “social politics” and “urban planning”. The rationale of this Cahier rests on two main principles. First of all, cities are built on the basis of both semiotic and the material contributions, which means that both imaginaries and practices are fundamental in shaping the urban space, its physical form and technology, its socio-economic structure, the social and spatial relations, the subjectivities, the relations with nature, and the daily life reproduction. Second, as the neo-liberal hegemonic culture has emphasized the urban horizon and the city-level in all its physical, social and cultural aspects, the city is the place where oppositional discourses and practices take place. Alternative imaginaries can challenge prevailing worldviews, show the contradictions of the neo-liberal hegemonic project and propose various forms of alternative sets of norms, beliefs, ideals; while alternative practices emerge at various scales of contestation, springing from deprived and often marginalised local groups and places, but also as national projects: there is a need to analyse the variety of imaginaries and practices that in spite of, and because of, the hegemony of the neoliberal culture, are resilient or are emerging (see Boniburini infra).
Public Space in the New Urban Agenda. A Global Perspective on Our Common Urban Future
The Journal of Public Space
This article is a report on the work of our group, the Centre for the Future of Places at KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, and its role as an outgrowth of the Future of Places initiative – a partnership of UN-Habitat, the Ax:son Johnson Foundation, and the Project for Public Spaces. The original Future of Places initiative was a series of high-level conferences that brought together over 1,500 researchers, professionals, government leaders and activists from 275 organizations in 100 countries. The Future of Places also served as the first Urban Thinkers Campus, contributing to Habitat III and the language of its outcome document, the New Urban Agenda (United Nations, 2017). A primary focus of our series was the central role of public space as the connective framework for healthy urbanization – a point we made clear in the introduction to our “Key Messages” document: The Future of Places affirms the role of public spaces as the essential connective network on which hea...