Immunostimulatory effect of dried bonito extract on mouse macrophage cell lines and mouse primary peritoneal macrophages (original) (raw)
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Antioxidants, 2019
Nowadays, more consumers demand healthier products. A way to offer such products is to functionalize them using health-promoting bioactive compounds. Meat and meat products are high in essential nutrients; however, their excessive consumption implies a high intake of other substances that, at levels above recommended uptake limits, have been linked to certain non-communicable chronic diseases. An effective way to reduce this danger is to reformulate meat products. In this study, natural botanical extracts rich in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds were used to improve the health properties of a cooked ham with an optimal nutritional profile (i.e., low in fat and salt). The RAW 264.7 mouse cell line was used as an inflammatory model and was stimulated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide to evaluate changes in inflammatory biomarkers such as tumour necrosis factor alpha, the interleukins (ILs) IL-1β and IL-6, nitric oxide and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). ...
Extract Increased on the Level of Interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) in Mice I
2011
Salmonellosis is still problem in many developing countries including Indonesia. The main problem in controlling and handling the disease is that only few antibiotics are available to cure the disease. In addition, the prolonged use of such antibiotics often lead to bacterial resistant against the antibiotics. A herbal drugs such as Centella asiatica (in Indonesia is known as pegagan) contains triterphenoid saphonins which acts as immunostimulant capable of enhancing the phagocytic activity of macrophages. However, no study has been conducted to investigate the use pegagan in activating macrophage of mice infected with Salmonella typhi. A study was therefore conducted to find out the ability of Cantella asiatica in enhancing on the level interluekine (IL)-6 following challenge with Salmonella typhi. It is therefore expected that herbal drug such as Cantella asiatica can be used as an alternative medicine to prevent and cure salmonellosis in both animals and human. Experimental labor...
Increased immune responsein mice consuming rice bran oil
European Journal of Nutrition, 2005
Background Polyunsaturated fatty acids play a key role in a number of biological functions. Rice bran oil (RBO) is rich in linoleic acid, an essential n–6 fatty acid. n–6 fatty acids are said to have proinflammatory effects as a result of an increase in n–6 fatty acidderived eicosanoids. RBO is also rich in γ–oryzanol, a compound from the unsaponifiable fraction, with antioxidant properties. Objective The aim of this work is to examine the effect of RBO—and/or γ–oryzanol—enriched diets on the regulation of the immune response. Methods 4 week–old Balb/C mice were fed diets enriched with either RBO or high oleic–sunflower oil (HOSO), for one month. Serum samples, bone marrow–derived macrophages and lymphocytes from the spleen were collected. Results Compared to HOSO, our results show that RBO modulates the immune system by enhancing B–lymphocyte proliferation (6842 ± 2959 vs 10073 ± 4186 cpm; HOSO vs RBO; n = 10 per group) and TH1–type cytokines such as IL–2 (55.85 ± 18.2 vs 101.7 ± 21.6 pg/ml) or TNF–α (49.12 ± 18.6 vs 184.9 ± 46.2 pg/ml; HOSO vs RBO) in a significant way (n = 10 per group). Moreover, the reduction found in the TH2 cytokine IL–4 (7.59 ± 2.3 vs 4.48 ± 1.6 pg/ml) and IgE (56.9 ± 39.2 vs 42.4 ± 35.2 ng/ ml; HOSO vs RBO, n = 10 per group) levels suggests RBO may have antiallergenic properties. To elucidate the role of γ–oryzanol, a similar study was also carried out including diets enriched with refined RBO or HOSO containing γ–oryzanol (2 %). Our results suggest that although γ–oryzanol may modulate the immune system, it is not responsible for the overall immunostimulation effect seen for RBO. Conclusions RBO–enriched diets could be useful in situations where a potentiation of the immune response was required. The fatty acids composition, more than the unsaponifiable fraction, might be responsible for this effect.
Clinica Chimica Acta, 2003
Ginseng is a widely used herbal product in China, other Asian countries, and in the Unites States. There is a traditional belief that ginseng stimulates immune functions. In this study, the innate effects of Asian and Siberian ginsengs on cytokines and chemokines produced by cultured macrophages were examined. The effects of Asian and Siberian ginseng on cytokines and chemokines produced by cultured macrophages were examined. Mouse macrophages (J774A.1) were incubated with Asian or Siberian ginseng at varying concentrations (1, 10, 100, and 1000 microg/ml) for 24 h and then harvested for RNA isolation. The expression levels of IL-1beta, IL-12, TNF-alpha, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-2 mRNA were measured by quantitative PCR. Our data showed that Asian ginseng induced a statistically significant increase in IL-12 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. However, the minor twofold increase is probably biologically insignificant. No significant increase of IL-12 by Siberian ginseng was observed at any dose level studied. No significant change in IL-1beta, IL-15, TNF-alpha, or MIP-1alpha mRNA was observed by either Asian or Siberian ginseng treatment. Our data showed statistically significant differential regulation of IL-12 by Asian ginseng. Siberian ginseng did not show a statistically significant increase. We conclude that both Asian ginseng and Siberian ginseng cannot significantly stimulate innate macrophage immune functions that influence cellular immune responses. Therefore, contrary to the popular belief, Asian and Siberian ginseng may not stimulate immune function.