ENVIRONMENTAL RICHNESS IN THE DRY ZONE HOMEGARDENS (original) (raw)
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Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 2022
Home gardening is an indigenous practice of cultivation that has effectively adapted to local ecological conditions over generations. This study examined the effects of disturbance and garden size on biodiversity to develop a better understanding of vegetation cover and its role in livelihood and provision of forest management in the Vindhyan highlands. Data were collected from 60 gardens which were classified into large (> 650 m2), medium (400–650 m2), and small (< 400 m2), based on size and disturbance gradients viz., high, medium, and low. A total of 133 species from 50 families were recorded, in which trees (47.4%) were dominant followed by shrubs (18%) and herbs (16.5%). With respect to disturbance, the highest number of tree species (39) were found at low disturbance (LD) followed by 33 species in medium disturbance (MD) and 32 species in high disturbhance (HD). The total mean richness of species was greater at LD (20.3 ± 2.3) and lowest at HD (18.5 ± 2.2). Tree density ...
Homegardens in the region harbours diversity and management techniques thus make this land use keystone in strategies for local and regional biodiversity conservation especially the threatened species along with those of economic importance. A total of 142 species belonging to 59 families and 123 genera were recorded. Most of the species in the homestead were grown for food (57) followed by domestic energy (31), ornamental (30), construction and timber purposes (28) and other uses each with less than 10 species. There was 58 multipurpose use species having two or more than two uses while 84 species had single use only. The documentation of these ecosystem services will not only benefit researchers and extension practitioners, but can also contribute to the policy platform to recognize the role of socio-psychological factors in including home garden as carbon credit market and climate change mitigation strategy.
MAN - ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN TANK-VILLAGE HOME GARDENS: THE TRENDS IN VEGETATION
The recently developed homesteads in small tank villages were evolved from traditional shifting cultivation areas due to the population increase. At present, the income generating from home garden is very low due to poor management. Anatomy of the home garden is a result of the interaction between man and environment taken place in its evolution. Thus, any improvement on the system for obtaining high income should also be based on proper understanding of this interacting phenomena worked in the development process. Therefore, a floristic composition survey was planned to identify the effects of man environment interaction on the anatomy of home gardens. A survey was carried out in 5 AGA divisions in the Anuradhapura District during 1992 using 27 home gardens. About 4000 trees were surveyed therein 140 plant species were found. The survey included various measurements and observations on the farm family, tree species, farmland and the surrounding. Data were analyzed in various ways to elucidate the mechanism worked in this eco-system to create the present anatomy of the tank village home garden. The results indicate that there are 11 prominent plant species in the home garden. They are Jak (Artocarpus heterophyllum), Drumstick (Moringa oleiferam), Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Margoza (Azadirachta indica), Lime (Citrus), Guava (Psidium guajava), Orange (Citrus), Banana (Musa sapientum) and Tamarind (Tamerindus indica). Some other 9 species are more frequently found, and another 20 species are also found in more than 50 % of the homesteads. Major purposes served by these trees can be ranked in descending order as firewood, fruits, timber, medicine, vegetable and spice. Of tree species found in the home garden , more than 75 % are multipurpose. About 70 % of the trees serve as the source of firewood and timber. The plant density is affected by number of factors such as the farm size, canopy size, availability of well, origin of trees etc. The plant density is adjusted according to the availability of water by changing proportion of large to medium and small canopy trees. This is possible because 70 % of the large tree population is of natural origin and hence adopted to the climatic vagaries. Therefore, it is more vital to consider this balance between different canopy sizes according to the availability of water and the farmer preference to the purposes served by them in planning future home-garden models.
J. Vijayakumari | V. Sundara Prabha | E. Jebarubi | T. Leon Stephan Raj | S. Beschi Antony Rayan, 2019
Home garden is an integrated system which consists of different plants in its small area that produces a variety of foods and agricultural products including vegetables, fruits, medicinal plants, ornamentals etc. All home gardeners were individually interviewed about home garden management and plant utilization, among other information. The biological and cultural significance of agro biodiversity in home gardens are highlighted with the future obligation and prospect in home gardens to improve our natural resource and avoid the pollution with free air circulation. The main objective of this study was to assess the status, composition and diversity of plants in an urban home gardens with the help of socio economic factors of households. The study was carried out in Palayamkottai region of Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 182 species were observed, which belonging to 159 genera and 71 families. Most of plants were dicot with 53 families and 150 species, whereas m...
Assessment of biodiversity in homegarden agroforestry system in SHUATS campus, Prayagraj, India
International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research, 2023
Biodiversity assessment plays a crucial role in understanding the composition and distribution of plant species within a specific area. This research paper aims to assess the biodiversity in homegarden agroforestry system of the Yeshu Darbar area in SHUATS Campus, Prayagraj during the rainy season. Prayagraj is situated at an elevation of 78 meters above sea level at 25.87 North latitude and 81.15° E longitudes. This region has a subtropical climate prevailing in the SouthEast part of U.P. with both the extremes in temperature, i.e., the winter and the summer. In cold winters, the temperature sometimes is low as 32°F in December-January and very hot summer with temperature reaching up to 115°F in the months of May and June. Frost during winter and hot scorching winds during summer are also common. The average rainfall is around 1013.4 (cm) with maximum concentration during July to September months with occasional showers in winters. The phyto-sociological analysis was conducted to study the composition and distribution of trees and herbs in Yeshu Darbar Area home gardens during the rainy season. The study focused on three different areas: North, South and East. The data collected included the density, frequency, abundance, relative density (RD), relative frequency (RF), relative dominance (RDO), and importance value index (IVI) of each species. Among all areas from the Phyto sociological structure of Tree Species and herb species The total number of each individual species found in Yeshu Darbar north Trees (14), Herbs (12), Yeshu Darbar South Trees (12), Herbs (12) species and in Yeshu Darbar East area Trees (12), Herbs (15), are found in total Yeshu Darbar area of SHUATS Campus. In the North home gardens, Psidium guajava and Mangifera indica were the dominant tree species, with IVIs of 32.14 and 45.48, respectively. Among the herbs, Coriandrum sativum and Asarum canadense had the highest IVIs of 24.24 and 22.40, respectively. In the South home gardens, Mangifera indica and Callistemon were the dominant tree species, with IVIs of 55.19 and 38.49, respectively. Among the herbs, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Cynodon dactylon had the highest IVIs of 28.79 and 38.90, respectively. In the East home gardens, Cestrum nocturnum and Psidium guajava were the dominant tree species, with IVIs of 43.58 and 33.36, respectively. Among the herbs, Abelmoschus esculentus and Solanum lycopersicum had the highest IVIs of 32.89 and 42.25, respectively. The study provides valuable insights into the composition and distribution of trees and herbs in the Yeshu Darbar Area home gardens during the rainy season. It highlights the importance of certain species in each area and can serve as a basis for future research and conservation efforts in the region.
International Journal of Environment, Ecology, Family and Urban Studies (IJEEFUS), 2017
Loss of biodiversity is one of the most pressing environmental concerns of our time. This study assessed tree diversity and population structure in the homegarden land use of Mawsmai village, located on degraded karst landscape in East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, India. The 1667 m 2 sampled area of the village homegarden land use harbored 21 tree species. Tree density was reported to be 342 individuals ha-1. Most of the trees belonged to families that are common to the neighboring forest land. Homegarden land use was found to have the potential to conserve plant diversity on the degraded karst landscape along with improving food security.
2015
Various species diversity indices were estimated based on the survey carried out in the home gardens of two villages located one in rural area (Arumanalloor) near Nagercoil and another urban area (Konam) in town municipality of Nagercoil, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India. In the study area, 128 home gardens (of which 66 were rural HGs and 62 were urban HGs, categorized into –hutted, tiled, terraced, storied, fenced and non-fenced) were surveyed for enumeration of available plants. The overall HG area surveyed in both rural and urban HGs was 17209.88m (1.72ha.) with an average HG area of 134.45m2 (0.013ha). The number of species recorded in the HGs was 89 species belongs to 45 families comprises 80 genus. The higher indices of HG plants for rural and urban study area were determined as follows: Higher values of Shannon-Weiner’s Species Diversity index (H’=4.079), Pielou’s Index of Species Evenness (E=0.91), and Margalef Index for Species Richness (R=10.80), were noted in rural...