The role of non-profit organisations in migration policies: Spain and Italy compared (original) (raw)
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Religion, State and Society, 2016
Religious associations are a very relevant actor in immigration policymaking in Italy, both at national and local level. But it is in the latter that they prove to be fundamental for the management of migratory presence and the implementation of public policies addressed to migrants, because they often can make available more facilities, resources and volunteers than other private and public actors. Religious associations usually work in networks with institutions and other actors from the nonprofit and voluntary sector in order to implement projects and services for migrants. However, the collaboration might cause the emergence of disagreement on which is the best way to face social problems related to immigration. The paper will focus on the case study of the province of Foggia, in Southern Italy, where every summer thousands of migrants gather to work as seasonal workers in the tomato harvesting. The reports on the precarious conditions of life and work of these migrants led to the development of a lot of projects and services for improving their status and fighting the gangmaster system (a form of illegal mediation to work known as "caporalato", where mediators exploit the workers). Through several interviews to exponents of local administrations, public offices and nonprofit associations, it has been pointed out that, while an issue network on migration has risen and is efficient for what concerns the receipt and the first assistance for migrants, there is no agreement on further and deeper interventions. The disagreement is between associations which want to provide help for migrants in actual situations of precariousness and associations committed to face the causes of these situations. The tension between these two conceptions of the third sector role in public policies doesn't divide only the religious actors from the secular ones, but it's also divisive inside the religious associationism.
Migration and Development Organizations: The Diversification of Civil Society in Spain
Two Homelands
The conjunction between the last few decades’ public policy changes and the impact of the growth of immigration in Spain has had a transformative effect on the third sector. The government trend toward outsourcing the management of international development cooperation programs and social services has shifted much of the state’s responsibility onto the shoulders of civil society organizations. The context has subjected them to tensions and changes in the way they take action and the way they are organized. This article, based on two research projects, explores the adaptations and new forms of relationships among the main actors involved in the field of migration and development.
Overview of Public Policies and NGOs Services for Immigrants’ Integration in Italy
in M. J. Fischer, P. Ruspini, N. Glytsos, H. Kabeolova, Models preventing discrimination of immigrants. What can we learn from European and American experience? – conference proceedings, Warsaw: Institute of Public Affairs, pp. 10-29 , 2003
From the section 4.2: Practices of Dialogue between Organisations in the Migration Field. Communication and co-operation between different actors operating in the migration field is an important pre-requisite for successful integration practices. The process of immigrant integration is not only taking place at the level of the individual immigrant, whose integration is then measured in terms of housing, employment, education, and social and cultural adaptation to the new society. It also takes place at the collective level of the immigrant group. Organisations of immigrants are the expression of mobilised resources and ambitions, and also at this level mechanisms of the integration process apply. In this regard, the paper show few research findings on the difficulties and problems encountered in daily practises of grass-root actors involved at different level and through various support activities in the Italian migration field.
This paper is a part of research titled "Irregular Labour Migration in Turkey and Situation of Migrant Workers in the Labour Market" funded by IOM. It focuses on migrant associations, NGOs and other organisations that work for migrant. It presents an overall assessment of migrant associations and other migrant related NGOs in Turkey. The paper, "Perspectives of Non Governmental Organisations, Migrant Associations and Unions, Migrants and Global Crisis", can be found between pp. 109-141 as 3rd section of the research.
CLUSTERING THE MIGRATION-RELATED-NGOS AND IMMIGRANT ASSOCIATIONS IN GREECE. A QUANTITATIVE APPROACH
The paper provides an elaborated analysis of the main characteristics of the migration-related-NGOs and immigrant associations (ΙΜΑs) in Greece. The analysis is based on a quantitative research which was carried out in the period October 2009-February 2010. A total number of 375 representatives of migration-related social actors were interviewed, while a great deal of information regarding the objectives, the organizational structure and the activities of those actors was collected. At the end, the quantitative research can be considered as a census-like research which recorded nearly all migration related NGOs and IMAs operating in Greece. Through the utilization of various quantitative techniques the paper aims at constructing classifications of migration-related-NGOs and IMAs. Various data such as, for example, the type of social actor, the level of actions (local, regional, national), the number of salaried (and voluntary) staff, the number of members, the budget size and the objectives were used to classify and categorize the organizations under research. Finally, a Hot Spot Analysis is implemented in order to illustrate the spatial clustering of NGOs and IMAs.