Arsenic concentrations in commercial fish from freshwater and saltwater (original) (raw)
Related papers
Food Chemistry, 2009
The aim of the study was to evaluate total arsenic (As) in five tissues (gills, mouthpiece, intestine, liver and muscles) of 10 fish species caught from As contaminated Manchar Lake (26°3 0 N: 67°6 0 E) Sindh Pakistan during 2006-2007. The total As concentration was determined by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS), prior to microwave assisted acid digestion. The certified reference material DORM-2 (dogfish muscle) was used to check the quality control of the technique. The good agreement with the certified value at 95% confidence limit confirmed the validity of As determination method. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of As were 0.034 and 0.11 lg/g, respectively. The As concentration ranges in different tissues were obtained as: gills (1.01-10.4), mouth pieces (1.01-18.6), intestine (1.01-11.2), liver (3.51-10.9) and in muscles (2.12-15.2) lg/g on dried basis. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for As in fish muscles were found in two ranges (4.88-7.2) and (17.6-35.3). The contribution of the daily intake of As, based on the consumption of 250 g fresh fish muscles per day was found in the range of 0.1-0.76 lg, higher than WHO tolerable limit.
Hazardous impact of arsenic on tissues of same fish species collected from two ecosystem
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009
The purpose of this paper is to develop a database of fish tissues and to evaluate concentration of arsenic (As) in five tissues of fish species collected from Manchar Lake Pakistan and to compare concentration of As in fish tissues of same fish species collected from the Indus River, Pakistan. A sensitive and precise, hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG AAS) method is presented for the determination of total Arsenic (As). Microwave acid-assisted digestion (MAD) procedure based on the mixture HNO3/H2O2 was evaluated. The method was successfully validated against CRM DORM-2 (dogfish muscle). Quantitative As recovery in CRM (DORM-2) was obtained and no statistical differences were found at 95% level by applying the t-test. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ), for As were established as 0.022 and 0.063 μg g−1, respectively. The results of this study indicated that As concentration in fish tissues from the Indus River are generally lower than in tissues of fishes from Manchar Lake. Arsenic concentrations in fish tissues of Indus River are although above the respective human health-based concentrations.
BioScientific Review
The aim of the current review is to deliberate on arsenic chemistry, its existence in aquatic ecosystem and its effects on the biological systems of fishes which are regarded as potential indicators for any change in water quality. Water is a major storehouse of arsenic which is present in the form of arsenate and arsenite. Anthropogenic activities including unlimited application of arsenic pesticides, industrial activities and mining operations have increased the universal incidence of soluble arsenic above tolerable levels of 0.010 mg/L. Variations in fish behaviour, growth rate, haematological and biological parameters and organ systems have been observed in arsenic contaminated water. Data regarding these parameters indicate that the fish shows aggressive behaviour and its weight increases due to a high arsenic uptake. The production rate of biochemical compounds like carbohydrates, proteins and lipids is reduced due to arsenic bonding with their precursors. Among organ systems,...
Arsenic Speciation in Farmed Hungarian Freshwater Fish
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005
Arsenic speciation analysis was carried out on freshwater farmed fish collected from an area with elevated groundwater arsenic concentrations in Hungary as well as from outside of the area (control samples). The arsenic species were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on methanol extracts of the muscle tissue from the fish. Catfish (Claries gariepinus) were raised in geothermal water where the average total arsenic concentrations were 167 (contaminated sites) and 15.1 ng As mL(-1) (control); they were all fed an artificial diet containing 2880 microg As kg(-1) total arsenic, mostly present as arsenobetaine. In the catfish, the accumulated total arsenic (2510-4720 microg As kg(-1)) was found mostly in the form of arsenobetaine suggesting that uptake of arsenic was dominated by their diet. Carp (Cyprinus carpio) were cultured in surface lakes with no significant arsenic pollution and had total arsenic concentrations ranging from 62 to 363 microg As kg(-1). The arsenic species found in the carp extracts differed markedly from those in the catfish in that no arsenobetaine was detected. Most samples of carp from the investigated sites contained low concentrations of As(III) (arsenite), As(V) (arsenate), MA (methylarsonate), and DMA (dimethylarsinate), and no other compounds were detected. The four individuals from the control site, however, all contained appreciable levels of oxo-arsenosugar-glycerol and oxo-arsenosugar-phosphate. Indeed, the oxo-arsenosugar-phosphate dominated the speciation pattern for these carp contributing about 75% of the sum of species. The contrast between these two freshwater aquaculture species regarding total arsenic and arsenic species has relevant toxicological aspects in terms of food safety.
Non-chromatographic speciation of toxic arsenic in fish
Talanta, 2005
A rapid, sensitive and economic method has been developed for the direct determination of toxic species of arsenic present in fish and mussel samples. As(III), As(V), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) were determined by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry using a series of proportional equations without the need of a chromatographic previous separation. The method is based on the extraction of arsenic species from fish through sonication with HNO 3 3 mol l −1 and 0.1% (m/v) Triton and washing of the solid phase with 0.1% (m/v) EDTA, followed by direct measurement of the corresponding hydrides in four different experimental conditions. The limit of detection of the method was 0.62 ng g −1 for As(III), 2.1 ng g −1 for As(V), 1.8 ng g −1 for MMA and 5.4 ng g −1 for DMA, in all cases expressed in terms of sample dry weight. The mean relative standard deviation values (R.S.D.) in actual sample analysis were: 6.8% for As(III), 10.3% for As(V), 8.5% for MMA and 7.4% for DMA at concentration levels from 0.08 mg kg −1 As(III) to 1.3 mg kg −1 DMA. Recovery studies provided percentages greater than 93% for all species in spiked samples. The analysis of SRM DORM-2 and CRM 627 certified materials evidenced that the method is suitable for the accurate determination of arsenic species in fish.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2015
The rapid development of industry and agriculture has resulted in an increase in pollution and, therefore, contamination of aquatic ecosystems (e.g. lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams, etc.) has been receiving increased worldwide attention over the last few decades. Metals are considered to be the most important form of aquatic pollution because of their toxicity, long persistence, and accumulation by aquatic organisms [1-3]. In addition to toxic elements (arsenic, As), essential trace elements (aluminum, Al; cobalt, Co; iron, Fe; nickel, Ni; tin, Sn; and selenium, Se) become toxic to living organisms when subjected to high concentrations [4]. Fish are constantly exposed to chemicals in polluted waters, so they could be used as excellent biological markers of elements in aquatic ecosystem [5]. Elements differ in their accumulation levels and patterns depending on fish species, as well as fish tissue [6, 7]. Gills are the primary site of element uptake from water, especially if elements are
Differential tissue accumulation of arsenic and heavy metals from diets in three edible fish species
Aquaculture Nutrition, 2013
Three different commercial fish species Odontesthes bonariensis, Rhamdia quelen and Oreochromis niloticus and fish feed were collected from four aquaculture farms. Heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) and arsenic concentration were determined by inductively coupled plasmaoptical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) in muscle, liver, gonad, skin, scale and fat from fish and in feed diets. Arsenic concentration was found in different tissues differing between species and within O. bonariensis. Cd was differentially accumulated in liver in O. bonariensis and R. quelen; however, in O. niloticus Cd was found in muscle and scales. Higher concentrations of Cr were determined in skin and scales of O. bonariensis and O. niloticus. Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn were found in all tissues being Cu and Fe concentrations higher in liver. Mn was differentially accumulated in O. bonariensis scales, however in R. quelen no significant differences were found and in O. niloticus liver was the main accumulation tissue. Zn concentration was higher in gonad, skin and liver from R. quelen and O. bonariensis, and in O. niloticus the highest concentration was found in scales. All the results were below the international limits for food safety except for the concentration of Cd in muscle and scales of O. niloticus.
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2009
The present study evaluates the concentrations of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) in the intestine, liver, muscle, gonads, gills, and kidney of Salmo trutta subsp. from the Presa River in Corsica (France; n = 10), which crosses an abandoned arsenic mine, and from the Bravona River (reference site; n = 10). Both metalloids were analyzed by means of ICP-MS. The relationships between fish size (length and weight) and metalloid concentrations in their tissues were investigated by linear regression analysis. In all fish samples concentrations of As and Sb (expressed as micrograms per gram fresh weight) were highest in the kidney. Lowest Sb concentrations were found in the muscle, whereas lowest As concentrations were found in the gonads of S. trutta. Two organotropisms were revealed: one for As-kidney (21.4656) [ intestine (3.9535) [ gills (3.0404) [ liver (1.1743) [ muscle (0.9976) [ gonads (0.8081); and the other for Sb-kidney (0.70067) [ gills (0.6181) [ intestine (0.2576) [ gonads (0.1673) [ liver (0.9625) [ muscle (0.0753).
Effect of Arsenic on Aquatic Animals: A Review.
International Journal of Biological Innovations, 2024
The origin and distribution of arsenic is mainly geogenic but anthropogenic activities can also lead to arsenic contamination across various environments. Although arsenic contamination in natural systems is often too low to cause mortality but it is sufficient to interfere with normal functioning of the body. Continuous exposure of freshwater organisms including fish to low concentrations of arsenic may result in bioaccumulation in which liver and kidney having high accumulation in most of the cases, altering growth, haematological and biochemical parameters as well as many physiological and biochemical activities in aquatic animals. The toxicological aspects of arsenic have mainly been discussed in connection with their environmental persistence and the ability of arsenic to induce a variety of adverse effects in aquatic animals, particularly in fish. The arsenic even at very low concentration is haematoimmunotoxic to fish and the changes observed haematological, immunological and biochemical parameters may provide a useful early biomarker of low-level xenobiotic exposure. The high solubility and mobility of arsenic in aquatic environments affects its global cycling.