Residential Lighting Performance Indicators (original) (raw)
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The Effect of Lighting Design Parameters on the Efficiency of Building Iluumination Systems
Increase of demand for electrical energy and the recent energy crisis have been necessitated the optimum use of energy in all fields, which proves the importance of developing the new energy usage strategies for efficiency. The studies show the importance of lighting design parameters such as indoor reflection factors on the quality of the lighting. In this study, the effect of wall, ceiling and base reflection factors as well as ceiling height on indoor illumination are studied for a room of 5×5×2.8 m. It is clear from the result that the color and the furnishing of room are very important for both energy efficiency and lighting quality.
The Brazilian National Energy Balance indicates that commercial, service and public building are responsible for 47% of the country's electric energy consumption. In this sector, artificial lighting represents 22% of the total electric energy consumption in commercial buildings and of 23% in public buildings. The purpose of this research is to present the best lighting systems, including the group luminaire-lamp-reactor in different offices in order to analyze these spaces in accordance with the Technical Regulation for the Quality Level of Energy Efficiency in Commercial, Service and Public Buildings (RTQ-C), a rating system created by the Brazilian government. As a way to enrich the research was taken as the basis for comparing the RTQ-C published by INMETRO Ordinance n.º. 163 on June 8 2009 (first version) and the proposed version of the RTQ-C by Ordinance n.º 181 of 21 May 2010 (second version).Despite the selection of efficient lighting systems, each environment has its specificities, such as geometry, color and selected equipment, concluding that one can not define the best system but the best combinations of lamps, luminaires and ballasts for each situation.
Light in Engineering, Architecture and the Environment, 2011
Energy certification and labelling of buildings according to the Commission's Energy Performance of Buildings Directive concerns four main energy consuming systems with lighting as one of them. Previously there was neither practice nor experience with certification of lightings systems. First practical experience brought a series of questions and problems to be solved on methodological level. Main goal of the paper is to treatise on identified problems with evidence shown on practical case studies. Imperfections in the light of stressed necessity to run the certification process evolved a big amount of research works performed in order to improve the methodology and to investigate energy saving potential in buildings with new approaches. For each individual problem a solution is developed, which is now already implemented to the legislation on national level and put in practice. It is expected that these solutions may help to improve the current methodology by revision of the standard and this way to become a broader acceptance. Practical experience will help to support this effort. Solutions are introduced in this paper. In final part of the paper, a software tool developed for calculation of LENI is presented. Important feature of the software named EHB LiteCalc is that all steps of calculation can be separately inspected, also giving the user possibility to enter the calculation process by inputting manually forced values. This special option can serve for experimental purposes.
Thesis, 2015
When designing a building, the basic and minimal requirement from the designers would be for those buildings to be functional, safe, comfortable and pleasant. For the design to fulfill those requirements, the designer should consider multiple performance aspects: space size, building materials and textures, colors, openings’ sizes, comfort conditions, acoustics, thermal qualities, aesthetics and lighting conditions. The evaluation of some of these aspects requires conducting simulations in order to collect the information necessary in the design process' decision-making. The earlier simulations are made, the lower is the effort needed for design changes to be made. For that reason, it is recommended to conduct evaluations as early as possible, allowing for educated decisions to be made at early stages. This research aims to create a BIM based comprehensive performance driven design process, with focus on lighting conditions as the performance to be examined. Lighting holds a cardinal role in the human perception of architecture. We experience spaces, materials, compositions and time through the medium of light. While the way light interacts with buildings we design is complex and dynamic, the prediction of a building’s performance under daylight is possible and can be performed through many physical and computer based tools available. The tools can measure amounts of light hitting the building’s surfaces, the shape and nature of the shadows it casts onto its environment and itself. They can also measure calculate and display qualities of light that affect the building’s user’s well-being and visual comfort, thus creating an overall assessment of a building’s natural (and artificial) lighting performance. Evaluating a building’s lighting conditions during the design process can be a complicated task that requires a deep acquaintance with photometry , hence usually not performed at all or, at best, left for late stages in the design process, performed by specialists and lighting consultants. This is, in part, due to the fact that most architects work in CAD environments that emulate low-tech drafting tools, hence creating a flat representation of the design subject, lacking the information necessary for lighting simulations. It is also due to the designers’ lack of knowledge and experience in the field, and the low availability of lighting evaluation tools at design practices. Working in BIM environments, in which architects and engineers are able to continuously revise and examine their design under one comprehensive computer model, which contains all the building’s information. Most existing lighting simulation tools have yet taken advantage of that kind of design environment, and those that do are intended for developed stages of the design. This research, therefore, suggests a model that is an integral part of the BIM environment, working as a seamless part of the design process starting from the early stage of schematic design. The proposed model allows the examination of the design's interior daylight conditions in means of illuminance, luminance, glare probability and adequacy to standards like LEED (IEQ 8.1), SII 8995 and SII 5281, thus providing an overall, quantitative and qualitative, evaluation of interior daylighting conditions. It connects Revit with Radiance, a validated lighting simulation engine, streaming information back and forth in order to create a seamless process. The model is designed to be easy to use, transparent and educational, as while the user has to make very few decisions before the simulation starts, it immediately exposes them to the visual and quantitative meaning of their decisions, giving them a deeper understanding to the simulation process and results. The model allows the designer to examine various design options during any stage of the design process and provides in its output a comprehensive view over many lighting qualities, making it easier to understand the effect design decisions have over daylighting conditions in the space. The model was tested on a case study demonstrating a complete design process of a small design gallery building, showing the way that the model affects the process and the decisions made throughout it.
We present observations from evaluation of internal environmental quality of industrial halls with priority on daylighting in combination with the integral lighting. The physical parameters related to indoor lighting in large industrial halls in winter and summer periods were analyzed using in situ measurements and computational methods. These are part of a comprehensive research on indoor environmental quality of industrial halls with the aims of saving energy and providing a comfortable environment for the workers while improving the productivity. The results showed that the procedures used for evaluation of residential or office buildings may not be used for industrial buildings. We also observed that the criteria of occupants' comforts for indoor industrial buildings may differ from those of other kinds of buildings. Based on these results, an adequate attention is required for designing the industrial buildings. For this reason, appropriate evaluation methods and criteria should be created. We found the measured values of daylight factor very close to the skylight component of the total illumination. The skylight component was observed on average 30% that of the measured daylight factor values. Although the daylight is not emphasized when designing the industrial buildings and its contribution is small, but it is very important for the workers psychology and physiology. The workers must feel a connection with the exterior environment; otherwise, their productivity decreases.
2011
The determination of the energy-economic indicators of artificial lighting when it is used mixed lighting is a complex task. There are many factors that influence the objective evaluation of the usability of artificial lighting, such as reporting the specifics of the particular facility, taking into account the location and orientation of the room, as well as the working mode, taking into account the specifics of the cost of electricity (tariff zones, prices, etc.). The aim of this work was to develop a software system for determining the energy-economic indicators of artificial lighting when is used mixed lighting in the rooms. The system is based on own developed methodology for determining the usability of artificial lighting in areas with mixed lighting.
The Role of the Internal Heat Gains for Artificial Lighting on the Energy Performance of Buildings
International Journal of Heat and Technology, 2021
This paper aims to propose a procedure for calculating the energy performance indexes of buildings considering the seasonality of internal gains due to artificial lighting with a monthly quasi-steady-state energy balance. The proposed methodology evaluates the heat gains due to the integrated natural-artificial lighting system with the Lighting Energy Numerical Indicator (LENI). For the evaluation of buildings' global energy performance and for some energy services, this contribution cannot be considered constant annually as depend strongly by climate conditions. The effect of daylighting, type of light sourcesluminaires, building orientation and shading devices could influence lighting contribution of the internal heat gains. Then, the proposed methodology evaluates the internal heat gains with monthly energy balances. This methodology was applied to the case study of the "Brancaccio" retirement home in Matera (IT) for which the values of the energy performance indexes were compared with the standard normative approach using constant internal heat gains. The results of this work underline the importance of performing a detailed analysis that considers the availability of natural light in the different months of the year, the efficiency of the different lighting systems and their power installed per unit of area as a function of the lighting comfort requirements in the different types of environments.
PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção, 2020
O comportamento ambiental dos edifícios vem sendo discutido visando integrar aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos do desempenho energético ao processo de elaboração de projetos de iluminação artificial. O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a capacidade do software DIALux evo 8 em avaliar, de forma integrada, o desempenho visual e a eficiência energética de modelos virtuais durante a elaboração de projetos de iluminação artificial residencial. O delineamento do estudo consistiu na: (i) definição de indicadores de desempenho visual e eficiência da iluminação artificial; (ii) verificação do potencial de elaboração destes indicadores pelo software; (iii) aplicação da simulação em ambiente residencial. Os indicadores relativos ao conforto visual avaliados foram: iluminância mantida, uniformidade, índice limite de ofuscamento unificado, índice reprodução de cor e temperatura de cor. Os indicadores concernentes à eficiência energética avaliados foram: eficiência luminosa, densidade de potên...
The indoor visual comfort of subjects faced with indoor ambient lighting varies with the position of the subject and is not constant over time. Average performance indexes, such as the mean value of Daylight Factor and Daylight Autonomy, are commonly used to analyse lighting distribution. These indexes, however, don’t properly take into account either the spatial or the time distribution of values affecting the non-uniformity of environmental lighting. Indeed, these are limited to the definition of a mean value or to the assessment of time availability of daylighting. This paper examines spatial and temporal non-uniformities in indoor lighting as possible causes of discomfort for occupants. The goal is to propose and verify possible supplementary tools to integrate traditional methods of evaluating ambient indoor lighting Use of the entropy theory with a probabilistic approach can help to obtain more detailed information about the environment. The authors have developed a case study of several sample environments and have analysed the relationships between lighting parameters and typical indices of information theory. Results show that this approach could be a useful way for predicting possible indoor visual comfort issues and for developing a preliminary assessment to a sustainable building design.